Medical Imaging and Diagnostics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

  • Long-term high blood pressure (correct)
  • The blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
  • High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms.
  • Hypertension is a long-term medical condition.

    • What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

  • 12 cm x 35 cm
  • 12-13 cm x 35 cm (correct)
  • 35 cm x 35 cm
  • 12-13 cm x 12-13 cm

    • When should the auscultatory method be used to measure diastolic blood pressure?

  • When using a cuff with a larger bladder
  • When the patient is sitting or lying down
  • When measuring blood pressure in both arms
  • When the disappearance of phase Korotkoff sounds is used (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

    <p>Alcohol consumption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

    <p>High potassium diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended frequency for routine blood pressure measurements until the age of 80 years?

    <p>Every 1 year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most accurate method for assessing cardiovascular risk?

    <p>Average blood pressure at separate visits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive emergency?

    <p>IV labetalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of hypertensive urgency?

    <p>Systolic BP &gt;180 mm Hg or diastolic BP &gt;110 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in diabetics with nephropathy and has been shown to slow disease progression?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class selectively blocks the receptors for angiotensin II and does not cause cough as in ACE inhibitors?

    <p>Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy?

    <p>Methyldopa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions is characterized by accelerated microvascular damage with necrosis in the walls of small arteries and arterioles?

    <p>Malignant hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended target diastolic blood pressure range for the treatment of malignant hypertension over 24-48 hours?

    <p>100-110 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is the agent of choice for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

    <p>Sodium nitroprusside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most accurate method for measuring diastolic blood pressure?

    <p>Using the auscultatory method with the disappearance of phase Korotkoff sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

    <p>12-13 cm x 35 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the blood pressure be measured in both arms at the first visit?

    <p>When the patient is lying down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

    <p>IV labetalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of hypertensive urgency?

    <p>Severely elevated blood pressure with no evidence of target organ damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is commonly used in the treatment of mild hypertension in pregnancy?

    <p>Methyldopa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy?

    <p>Amlodipine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of beta-blockers in hypertension?

    <p>Bronchospasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

    <p>Accelerated microvascular damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

    <p>Essential hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

    <p>Low sodium intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>Less than 140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class selectively blocks the receptors for angiotensin II and does not cause cough as in ACE inhibitors?

    <p>Angiotensin II receptor blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in diabetics with nephropathy and has been shown to slow disease progression?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drugs is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy?

    <p>Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

    <p>Age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

    <p>12-13 cm x 35 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the blood pressure be measured in both arms at the first visit?

    <p>Always</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following investigations is used to detect or quantify left ventricular hypertrophy?

    <p>Echocardiogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

    <p>Increased blood sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

    <p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

    <p>BMI &gt; 25 kg/m2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antihypertensive drug classes is particularly useful in patients with evidence of increased sympathetic drive?

    <p>Centrally acting drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

    <p>Congestive heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for the treatment of malignant hypertension over 24-48 hours?

    <p>Reduce the diastolic blood pressure to 100-110 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate treatment for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

    <p>Intravenous sodium nitroprusside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common risk factor for hypertension?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

    <p>Essential hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>Less than 140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

    <p>Medium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

    <p>IV labetalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt; 140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the agent of choice for a patient with diabetes?

    <p>Amlodipine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

    <p>IV hydralazine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

    <p>Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

    <p>Age over 65</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

    <p>12-13 cm x 35 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

    <p>IV labetalol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>Less than 140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy?

    <p>Enalapril</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to detect or quantify left ventricular hypertrophy?

    <p>Echocardiogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension?

    <p>Weight reduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following drug combinations is used to treat hypertension?

    <p>Calcium-channel blocker plus diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

    <p>Hypokalaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of primary hypertension?

    <p>Genetic factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

    <p>Stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary hypertension?

    <p>Underlying cause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in patients with evidence of increased sympathetic drive?

    <p>Beta-blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate treatment for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

    <p>Intravenous sodium nitroprusside</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

    <p>Hypertensive urgency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

    <p>&lt;140/90 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

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