Medical Imaging and Diagnostics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

  • Long-term high blood pressure (correct)
  • The blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
  • High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms.
  • Hypertension is a long-term medical condition.

What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

  • 12 cm x 35 cm
  • 12-13 cm x 35 cm (correct)
  • 35 cm x 35 cm
  • 12-13 cm x 12-13 cm

When should the auscultatory method be used to measure diastolic blood pressure?

  • When using a cuff with a larger bladder
  • When the patient is sitting or lying down
  • When measuring blood pressure in both arms
  • When the disappearance of phase Korotkoff sounds is used (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

<p>Alcohol consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

<p>High potassium diet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for routine blood pressure measurements until the age of 80 years?

<p>Every 1 year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate method for assessing cardiovascular risk?

<p>Average blood pressure at separate visits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive emergency?

<p>IV labetalol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hypertensive urgency?

<p>Systolic BP &gt;180 mm Hg or diastolic BP &gt;110 mm Hg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt;140/90 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

<p>Hyperkalemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in diabetics with nephropathy and has been shown to slow disease progression?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class selectively blocks the receptors for angiotensin II and does not cause cough as in ACE inhibitors?

<p>Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy?

<p>Methyldopa (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is characterized by accelerated microvascular damage with necrosis in the walls of small arteries and arterioles?

<p>Malignant hypertension (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended target diastolic blood pressure range for the treatment of malignant hypertension over 24-48 hours?

<p>100-110 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is the agent of choice for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

<p>Sodium nitroprusside (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most accurate method for measuring diastolic blood pressure?

<p>Using the auscultatory method with the disappearance of phase Korotkoff sounds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

<p>12-13 cm x 35 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the blood pressure be measured in both arms at the first visit?

<p>When the patient is lying down (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

<p>IV labetalol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hypertensive urgency?

<p>Severely elevated blood pressure with no evidence of target organ damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt;140/90 mmHg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is commonly used in the treatment of mild hypertension in pregnancy?

<p>Methyldopa (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy?

<p>Amlodipine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of beta-blockers in hypertension?

<p>Bronchospasm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

<p>Accelerated microvascular damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

<p>Essential hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

<p>Low sodium intake (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>Less than 140/90 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class selectively blocks the receptors for angiotensin II and does not cause cough as in ACE inhibitors?

<p>Angiotensin II receptor blockers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

<p>Hypokalemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in diabetics with nephropathy and has been shown to slow disease progression?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy?

<p>Calcium-channel blockers (CCBs) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

<p>Age (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

<p>12-13 cm x 35 cm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should the blood pressure be measured in both arms at the first visit?

<p>Always (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following investigations is used to detect or quantify left ventricular hypertrophy?

<p>Echocardiogram (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

<p>Increased blood sugar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

<p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major risk factor for chronic complications of hypertension?

<p>BMI &gt; 25 kg/m2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antihypertensive drug classes is particularly useful in patients with evidence of increased sympathetic drive?

<p>Centrally acting drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

<p>Congestive heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for the treatment of malignant hypertension over 24-48 hours?

<p>Reduce the diastolic blood pressure to 100-110 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

<p>Intravenous sodium nitroprusside (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common risk factor for hypertension?

<p>Obesity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of secondary hypertension?

<p>Essential hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>Less than 140/90 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

<p>Medium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

<p>IV labetalol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt; 140/90 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the agent of choice for a patient with diabetes?

<p>Amlodipine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

<p>IV hydralazine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt;140/90 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and also blocks the degradation of bradykinin?

<p>Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

<p>Age over 65 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt;140/90 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended size of the cuff bladder for measuring blood pressure?

<p>12-13 cm x 35 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for reducing blood pressure in a hypertensive urgency?

<p>IV labetalol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>Less than 140/90 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated in pregnancy?

<p>Enalapril (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tests is used to detect or quantify left ventricular hypertrophy?

<p>Echocardiogram (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a non-pharmacological therapy for hypertension?

<p>Weight reduction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drug combinations is used to treat hypertension?

<p>Calcium-channel blocker plus diuretic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of diuretics?

<p>Hypokalaemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of primary hypertension?

<p>Genetic factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for hypertension?

<p>Stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of secondary hypertension?

<p>Underlying cause (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome?

<p>Weight gain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antihypertensive drug class is particularly useful in patients with evidence of increased sympathetic drive?

<p>Beta-blockers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate treatment for rapid control of blood pressure in an aortic dissection?

<p>Intravenous sodium nitroprusside (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of malignant hypertension?

<p>Hypertensive urgency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate blood pressure goal for a 65-year-old patient with hypertension and no other medical problems?

<p>&lt;140/90 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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