Medical Ethics Objectives by Reham Alaa Elkalla
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Questions and Answers

What are the main concerns of the doctor in a consultation?

  • To diagnose the illness and prescribe treatment
  • To understand the patient's concerns and symptoms (correct)
  • To encourage honest transfer of information
  • To make effective use of the consultation time

    • According to the text, what is the traditional doctor-centered style of communication characterized by?

  • Involving the patient in treatment decisions
  • Encouraging honest transfer of information
  • Showing little attention to patient concerns and understanding of the patients’ suffering (correct)
  • Adapting behavior to the needs of the patient

    • In an ideal patient-doctor consultation, what role does the patient's agenda play?

  • It is only considered after the consultation
  • It figures highly (correct)
  • It has no significance
  • It is secondary to the doctor's agenda

    • What should a doctor be able to do to achieve effective consultation?

    <p>Define the clinical problems and address the patient’s problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in the elements of effective doctor-patient communication regarding 'Help' (H)?

    <p>Negotiating rather than ordering treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do doctors typically not change, as indicated by experience and research work?

    <p>Their communication style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest about the doctor's role in a consultation?

    <p>The doctor should change his behavior according to patient and situation needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in the elements of effective doctor-patient communication regarding 'EXPLAIN' (E)?

    <p>Explaining procedures/examinations to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is important for an efficient consultation?

    <p>Indicating commitment to understand patient’s concerns and symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what do patients typically know more about?

    <p>Their own illnesses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ideal doctor do in a patient-doctor consultation?

    <p>Lies in the middle, changing his behavior to adapt to needs of the patient and situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to guidelines derived from values and principals intended for the appropriate behavior while practicing various professional activities?

    <p>Code of ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a conflict between two or more ethical principles where no correct decision exists?

    <p>Ethical dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle that entails the effort to exceed normal expectations and make a commitment to lifelong learning?

    <p>Excellence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'paternalism' refer to?

    <p>Overriding one person's known preferences by another person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'beneficence' in the context of medical ethics?

    <p>The principle of helping others by taking actions which promote their good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle involves the respect for patients' rights to have control over their own bodies and to make decisions about their medical treatment?

    <p>Autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of professional conduct entails the free acceptance of a commitment to service?

    <p>Duty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'justice' in the context of medical ethics refer to?

    <p>The distribution of scarce resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'non-maleficence' in the context of medical ethics?

    <p>Doing no harm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does professionalism aspire to according to the American Board of Internal Medicine?

    <p>Self-sacrifice and unselfishness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'consultation' in a medical context?

    <p>A formalized interaction between doctor and patient when the patient seeks the advice of his doctor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the word 'ethics'?

    <p>From the Greek word 'ethos'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is regarded as a founder of medical ethics?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bioethics?

    <p>The understanding of moral aspects of biomedical practice and research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of professional conduct in medicine?

    <p>Making a public promise to place patient interests above personal interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of moral principles and analysis to medical situations known as?

    <p>Biomedical ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of medical ethics in healthcare?

    <p>It guides moral decision-making in medical practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a code of ethics from professional conduct?

    <p>A code of ethics provides guidelines, while professional conduct represents actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Hippocrates' concept that became a foundation for medical ethics?

    <p>'Primum non nocere' (First, do no harm)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an integral part of medicine at least since the time of Hippocrates?

    <p>'Ethics'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main emphasis in bioethics?

    <p>Moral aspects of biomedical practice and research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between ethics and professionalism in medicine?

    <p>There is a very close relationship between ethics and professionalism in medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ethics' imply in terms of human conduct?

    <p>Ethics are ways of understanding and examining right and wrong human conduct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main emphasis of patient-centered style of communication?

    <p>Greater patient satisfaction and compliance with treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of a doctor-centered style of communication?

    <p>The doctor taking the dominant role in consultation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do patients typically want to know about in a consultation?

    <p>The best diagnosis and treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an ideal doctor do in a patient-doctor consultation?

    <p>Adapt behavior to adapt to the needs of the patient and the situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'non-maleficence' in the context of medical ethics?

    <p>The principle of doing no harm to the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does professionalism aspire to according to the American Board of Internal Medicine?

    <p>To exceed normal expectations and make a commitment to lifelong learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is regarded as a founder of medical ethics?

    <p>Hippocrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'ethics' imply in terms of human conduct?

    <p>Moral principles intended for appropriate behavior while practicing various professional activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'consultation' in a medical context?

    <p>Efficient transfer of information between doctor and patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ideal patient-doctor consultation entail?

    <p>The patient agenda figures highly, with the doctor adapting his behavior to the needs of the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ideal doctor do as per the text?

    <p>Lies in the middle, changing his behavior to adapt to needs of the patient and situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'beneficence' in the context of medical ethics?

    <p>Principle involving doing good for the patient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the word 'ethics'?

    <p>It is derived form the Greek word 'ethos' meaning 'the set of moral principles'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a conflict between two or more ethical principles where no correct decision exists?

    <p>Ethical dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in the elements of effective doctor-patient communication regarding 'EXPLAIN' (E)?

    <p>Educate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does professionalism aspire to according to the American Board of Internal Medicine?

    <p>Altruism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'justice' in the context of medical ethics refer to?

    <p>Fair and equal distribution of healthcare resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an integral part of medicine at least since the time of Hippocrates?

    <p>Professionalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an ideal doctor do in a patient-doctor consultation?

    <p>Empathize with the patient's emotions and concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what do doctors typically not change, as indicated by experience and research work?

    <p>Their medical diagnosis skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in the elements of effective doctor-patient communication regarding 'Help' (H)?

    <p>Honor patient's perspective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a code of ethics from professional conduct?

    <p>Code of ethics outlines general moral principles, while professional conduct specifies guidelines for behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle involves the respect for patients' rights to have control over their own bodies and to make decisions about their medical treatment?

    <p>Autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Hippocrates' concept that became a foundation for medical ethics?

    <p>'First, do no harm'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a conflict between two or more ethical principles where no correct decision exists?

    <p>Medical dilemma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to guidelines derived from values and principals intended for the appropriate behavior while practicing various professional activities?

    <p>Code of ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should an ideal doctor do in a patient-doctor consultation?

    <p>Follow the patient's agenda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'paternalism' refer to?

    <p>Intentional overriding of one person's known preferences or actions by another person for the person's benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main concerns of the doctor in a consultation?

    <p>Follow patient's agenda and ensure patient involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of professional conduct entails the free acceptance of a commitment to service?

    <p>Unselfishness–Self-Sacrifice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does professionalism aspire to according to the American Board of Internal Medicine?

    <p>Excellence in Duty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'justice' in the context of medical ethics refer to?

    <p>Distribution of scarce resources and respect for individual rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is bioethics?

    <p>The application of moral principles and analysis to medical situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what do patients typically know more about?

    <p>Their own choices and evaluation of what is best for their life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle involves the respect for patients' rights to have control over their own bodies and to make decisions about their medical treatment?

    <p>Autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by 'consultation' in a medical context?

    <p>A formalized interaction between doctor and patient when the patient seeks the advice of his doctor</p> Signup and view all the answers

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