Questions and Answers
According to the passage, which of the following is not a requirement to achieve the principle of autonomy?
Recognizing the capacity of mentally and legally incompetent patients
What is the principle of beneficence according to the passage?
The obligation of the physician to act for the benefit of the patient
Which of the following is an example of a violation of the principle of justice according to the passage?
Choosing an expensive drug over an equally effective but less expensive one to benefit the physician
According to the passage, what is the principle of nonmaleficence?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a requirement to achieve the principle of autonomy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of medical ethics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main principles of medical ethics?
Signup and view all the answers
In a situation where a patient's autonomous decision could potentially harm others, which principle should take precedence?
Signup and view all the answers
What should a physician do if a patient refuses treatment, according to the principle of autonomy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following situations illustrates a potential conflict between the principles of beneficence and autonomy?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Definition of Ethics
- Ethics is the study of morality, involving careful and systematic reflection on and analysis of moral decisions and behavior.
Medical Ethics
- Medical ethics is the branch of ethics that deals with moral issues in medical practice.
- Ethics often prescribes higher standards of behavior than the law, and occasionally requires physicians to disobey laws that demand unethical behavior.
Principles of Medical Ethics
- There are 4 main principles that control all medical staff and health providers:
- Autonomy: Respect for the patient's right to self-determination, respecting their preferences and decisions regarding treatment.
- Beneficence: The obligation to act for the benefit of the patient, supporting moral rules to protect and defend the right of others.
- Non-Maleficence: The obligation to avoid harming the patient, weighing benefits against burdens of interventions and treatments.
- Justice: Fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of persons, ensuring fairness in distribution of resources.
Autonomy
- The patient's right to take their own decisions concerning their treatment approach, including refusing treatment.
- The physician's duty is to explain the consequences of the patient's decision and the adverse effects of refusing treatment.
- Autonomy does not extend to persons who lack the capacity to act autonomously, such as infants, children, and those with developmental, mental, or physical disorders.
Achieving Autonomy
- Provide sufficient information to help make informed choices (informed consent).
- Truth telling.
- Respect for privacy and confidentiality.
- Recognize the capacity of mentally and legally competent patients (e.g., children, terminally ill).
Beneficence
- The obligation to act for the benefit of the patient, supporting moral rules to protect and defend the right of others.
Non-Maleficence
- The obligation to avoid harming the patient, weighing benefits against burdens of interventions and treatments.
Justice
- Fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment of persons, ensuring fairness in distribution of resources.
Conflicts Between Principles
- Conflicts may arise between principles, especially between beneficence and autonomy.
- Example: a patient's autonomous decision may conflict with the physician's obligation to benefit the patient.
Code of Ethics
- Defines the values or standards of behavior for an organization.
- Provides a framework for making decisions and resolving conflicts.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
