Medical Ethics and Clinical Research Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of the word 'Ethics'?

  • French
  • Arabic
  • Greek (correct)
  • Latin

Which of the following is NOT a part of the core principles of Medical Ethics?

  • Justice
  • Professional Norms (correct)
  • Beneficence
  • Respect for Autonomy

What does the term 'Ethical norms are not universal' imply?

  • Ethical norms are determined by legal standards.
  • Ethical norms vary based on regions and cultures. (correct)
  • Ethical norms always apply universally.
  • Ethical norms are dependent on individual feelings.

What does the term 'Ethics is not the same as feelings' indicate?

<p>Ethical decision-making should be devoid of emotions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do ethical norms refer to?

<p>Standards of behavior that dictate how human beings should act in various situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of 'Moral' according to the text?

<p>'Moral' comes from Latin 'mos' meaning customs or generally accepted social norm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of a physician according to medical ethics?

<p>To recognize responsibility to patients first (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle of Medical Ethics emphasizes the patient's freedom to choose?

<p>Autonomy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of medical ethics, what does 'informed consent' entail?

<p>Consent given voluntarily and with understanding of the consequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can confidentiality between a doctor and patient be breached?

<p>When disclosure is in the public interest or required by statutory bodies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Case 1: Refusal of treatment, what is the ethical dilemma faced by the physiotherapist?

<p>Whether to insist on carrying out the treatment plan against the patient's wish (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary duty of the physician when it comes to decision-making for a patient?

<p>To respect the autonomous choice of the patient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-maleficence in Medical Ethics refers to:

<p><code>Preventing harm</code> to patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does justice entail as a principle of Medical Ethics?

<p>Fair distribution of healthcare resources and treatments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Ethics is a set of moral principles that guide human behavior, originating from the Greek word 'ethos' and the Latin word 'mos' meaning customs or social norms
  • Medical ethics refers to the application of ethical principles in healthcare and medicine, historically rooted in the Hippocratic Oath
  • Four basic principles of medical ethics: Autonomy, Beneficence, Non-maleficence, and Justice
  • Autonomy refers to the patient's self-rule and freedom to make decisions regarding their healthcare; the physician must respect the patient's autonomy and provide information for informed decision-making
  • Consent refers to permission for a medical procedure or treatment; it can be written, verbal, or implied, and the physician must obtain the patient's informed consent before treatment
  • Confidentiality is the trust between a doctor and patient, ensuring that the doctor does not disclose confidential information without the patient's consent; it can be breached in certain circumstances such as public interest or statutory bodies
  • Case example: When a patient refuses a treatment such as chest physiotherapy, the healthcare practitioner must respect the patient's autonomy and not insist on carrying out the treatment, even if they believe it to be beneficial.
  • Beneficence is the ethical principle that requires the physician to act in the best interests of the patient, but respect for patient autonomy should take precedence.

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