Podcast
Questions and Answers
A 57-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with right leg numbness, tingling, and weakness 1 week after coronary angiography. On examination, there is a pulsatile nontender mass in the right groin (the side of the arterial puncture). The mass is getting bigger each day. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?
A 57-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with right leg numbness, tingling, and weakness 1 week after coronary angiography. On examination, there is a pulsatile nontender mass in the right groin (the side of the arterial puncture). The mass is getting bigger each day. What is this patient's most likely diagnosis?
A 57-year-old woman with morbid obesity is incidentally noted to have mildly elevated AST (SGOT) levels. She does not take any medications nor any alcohol and a workup for viral hepatitis and hemochromatosis is negative. Which one of the following is most likely to improve her hepatic condition?
A 57-year-old woman with morbid obesity is incidentally noted to have mildly elevated AST (SGOT) levels. She does not take any medications nor any alcohol and a workup for viral hepatitis and hemochromatosis is negative. Which one of the following is most likely to improve her hepatic condition?
You suspect that he has asthma in a 15-year-old healthy male with nighttime cough and wheezing for the past several months. Which one of the following would be most appropriate at this point?
You suspect that he has asthma in a 15-year-old healthy male with nighttime cough and wheezing for the past several months. Which one of the following would be most appropriate at this point?
Which one of the following is the best treatment for a 36-year-old female presents with a several-week history of polyuria and intense thirst, a urinalysis with low specific gravity and low osmolality and a 24-hour urine output more than 5 liters. All other lab and exam findings are normal.
Which one of the following is the best treatment for a 36-year-old female presents with a several-week history of polyuria and intense thirst, a urinalysis with low specific gravity and low osmolality and a 24-hour urine output more than 5 liters. All other lab and exam findings are normal.
Signup and view all the answers
Routine vaccination against which one of the following organisms has significantly reduced the risk of bacterial meningitis among young children?
Routine vaccination against which one of the following organisms has significantly reduced the risk of bacterial meningitis among young children?
Signup and view all the answers
To prevent joint damage from gout, uric acid levels should be lowered by medication to
To prevent joint damage from gout, uric acid levels should be lowered by medication to
Signup and view all the answers
A 50-year-old male presents with gynecomastia. Which one of the following antihypertensive medications is most likely to cause this problem?
A 50-year-old male presents with gynecomastia. Which one of the following antihypertensive medications is most likely to cause this problem?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following intravenous agents is the best INITIAL management for hypercalcemic crisis?
Which one of the following intravenous agents is the best INITIAL management for hypercalcemic crisis?
Signup and view all the answers
A postmenopausal female presents with a recent onset of painless vaginal bleeding. Her pelvic examination is normal and all previous PAP smears were normal. Which one of the following management options is the preferred next diagnostic step?
A postmenopausal female presents with a recent onset of painless vaginal bleeding. Her pelvic examination is normal and all previous PAP smears were normal. Which one of the following management options is the preferred next diagnostic step?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following is true about acute COPD exacerbation?
Which one of the following is true about acute COPD exacerbation?
Signup and view all the answers
A 75-year-old woman is admitted because of mild heart failure. She is acutely symptomatic with dyspnea. Her heart rate is 96 beats/min, blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg, and an oxygen saturation of 94% on room air. A chest radiograph shows mild pulmonary congestion. What is your recommendation regarding placement of an indwelling urinary catheter for accurate measurement of urine output and for patient comfort?
A 75-year-old woman is admitted because of mild heart failure. She is acutely symptomatic with dyspnea. Her heart rate is 96 beats/min, blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg, and an oxygen saturation of 94% on room air. A chest radiograph shows mild pulmonary congestion. What is your recommendation regarding placement of an indwelling urinary catheter for accurate measurement of urine output and for patient comfort?
Signup and view all the answers
A 75-year-old male with a history of hypertension has a TIA episode resolved spontaneously within 20 minutes. Carotid Doppler ultrasonography and cerebral angiography both reveal significant carotid stenosis. In addition to starting aspirin, which one of the following would be the most appropriate next step for this patient?
A 75-year-old male with a history of hypertension has a TIA episode resolved spontaneously within 20 minutes. Carotid Doppler ultrasonography and cerebral angiography both reveal significant carotid stenosis. In addition to starting aspirin, which one of the following would be the most appropriate next step for this patient?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following is the most accurate imaging study for assessing early osteomyelitis?
Which one of the following is the most accurate imaging study for assessing early osteomyelitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following should be ordered to evaluate the patient for hereditary hemochromatosis?
Which one of the following should be ordered to evaluate the patient for hereditary hemochromatosis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following is recommended for the initial management of a 4 year old male child with ADHD?
Which one of the following is recommended for the initial management of a 4 year old male child with ADHD?
Signup and view all the answers
Azithromycin should be used with caution in a 65-year-old male with coronary artery disease due to an increased risk for
Azithromycin should be used with caution in a 65-year-old male with coronary artery disease due to an increased risk for
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following intranasal medications is considered optimal treatment for a young man with known seasonal allergic rhinitis every autumn who presents to you in September with runny nose.
Which one of the following intranasal medications is considered optimal treatment for a young man with known seasonal allergic rhinitis every autumn who presents to you in September with runny nose.
Signup and view all the answers
A 30 year old construction worker fell down on his anterolateral leg from a 3 meter high scaffold 5 hours prior to presentation to emergency. On exam the anterolateral lower leg is quite tender but only slightly swollen, and there is exquisite pain in that area with passive plantar flexion of the great toe. X-Rays and rest of the exam are negative. Which one of the following would be most appropriate?
A 30 year old construction worker fell down on his anterolateral leg from a 3 meter high scaffold 5 hours prior to presentation to emergency. On exam the anterolateral lower leg is quite tender but only slightly swollen, and there is exquisite pain in that area with passive plantar flexion of the great toe. X-Rays and rest of the exam are negative. Which one of the following would be most appropriate?
Signup and view all the answers
Which one of the following diseases is associated with Erythema Nodosum?
Which one of the following diseases is associated with Erythema Nodosum?
Signup and view all the answers
Postmenopausal hormonal therapy with estrogen and progesterone results in a decrease in which one of the following
Postmenopausal hormonal therapy with estrogen and progesterone results in a decrease in which one of the following
Signup and view all the answers
TSH receptor site antibodies would indicate which one of the following as the cause of thyroid gland enlargement?
TSH receptor site antibodies would indicate which one of the following as the cause of thyroid gland enlargement?
Signup and view all the answers
You suspect a patient to be low risk for deep vein thrombosis, which test is preferred to rule it out?
You suspect a patient to be low risk for deep vein thrombosis, which test is preferred to rule it out?
Signup and view all the answers
A 4-month-old female is brought to your office by her parents for a 3-day history of fever up to 38.7°C. She is fussy and her oral intake is down. She has no rash, no emesis, and no diarrhea. Her urine output is normal. On examination she is alert but fussy. Her rectal temperature is 38.4°C. The examination is otherwise normal and there are no focal findings of infection. The parents are reliable and you choose to manage the baby as an outpatient. Which one of the following tests is likely to be most helpful in this situation?
A 4-month-old female is brought to your office by her parents for a 3-day history of fever up to 38.7°C. She is fussy and her oral intake is down. She has no rash, no emesis, and no diarrhea. Her urine output is normal. On examination she is alert but fussy. Her rectal temperature is 38.4°C. The examination is otherwise normal and there are no focal findings of infection. The parents are reliable and you choose to manage the baby as an outpatient. Which one of the following tests is likely to be most helpful in this situation?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
General Medical Information
- Various medical scenarios are presented, including patients with symptoms like numbness, tingling, weakness in the leg, elevated AST levels, and others.
- The provided text discusses potential diagnoses, treatments, and diagnostic tests.
- Information includes age, sex, symptoms, and results of medical examinations or investigations.
- The notes are specific to the medical cases described.
- The questions pertain to appropriate next steps in diagnosis and treatment.
Specific Medical Conditions
-
Acute Coronary Angiography: A patient is being evaluated for a complication of acute coronary angiography, specifically an expanding pseudoaneurysm.
-
Morbid Obesity and Liver Function: A patient with morbid obesity presents with elevated AST (SGOT) levels. Weight loss is suggested as an intervention to improve liver condition.
-
Asthma in a 15-Year-Old: A possible asthma exacerbation is suspected in a 15-year-old. Appropriate next steps like spirometry, chest X-ray, or inhaled corticosteroid or leukotriene inhibitor therapy are discussed.
-
Polyuria and Intense Thirst in 36-Year-Old Female: A 36-year-old woman with polyuria, intense thirst, low urine specific gravity, and low osmolality, and urinary output exceeding 5 liters. Vasopressin is suggested as a possible treatment.
-
Bacterial Meningitis: Routine vaccination has significantly reduced risks of bacterial meningitis in young children. Factors like Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Borrelia burgdorferi etc are considered during diagnosis.
-
Gout and Joint Damage: Uric acid levels need to be lowered to prevent joint damage from gout. Specific medication levels are mentioned.
-
Gynecomastia in a 50-Year-Old Male: The question pertains to a 50-year-old male patient with gynecomastia. Doxazosin is identified as a possible medication causing this.
-
Hypercalcemic Crisis: Intravenous pamidronate is suggested as an initial treatment for the crisis.
-
Acute COPD Exacerbation: Systemic corticosteroid therapy is briefly discussed.
-
Heart Failure: A 75-year-old patient admitted with mild heart failure presents with dyspnea and low oxygen saturation. Appropriate next step to manage the patient involves the consideration of indwelling urinary catheters for accurate urine output measurements.
-
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA): A 75-year-old hypertensive male had a spontaneous TIA within 20 minutes. Carotid stenosis and the use of Clopidogrel are relevant to the case.
-
Osteomyelitis: Different imaging studies are discussed as methods to evaluate osteomyelitis.
-
Hereditary Hemochromatosis: A screening for hereditary hemochromatosis involves serum iron panel, including serum ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation.
-
ADHD Management: Methylphenidate or atomoxetine is recommended as an initial treatment with a combined behavioral treatment approach for 4-year-old children with ADHD.
-
Azithromycin and Coronary Artery Disease: The use of azithromycin in patients with coronary artery disease is considered carefully due to a potential adverse effect on left ventricular function.
-
Intranasal Medications for Allergic Rhinitis: Seasonal allergic rhinitis is managed with intranasal glucocorticoids or cromolyn sodium.
-
Construction Worker Injury: A 30-year-old construction worker suffered an injury to his anterolateral leg. Urgent orthopedic consultation may be required due to potential need for a fasciotomy.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on various medical conditions and appropriate diagnostic approaches for patients exhibiting symptoms such as numbness, elevated AST levels, and asthma. This quiz includes cases like acute coronary angiography complications and morbid obesity. Challenge yourself to determine the best next steps in diagnosis and treatment based on the provided cases.
