Medicae Classification
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following medications is classified as an antiviral?

  • azithromycin
  • furosemide
  • oseltamivir (correct)
  • meropenem

What class of drugs does amlodipine belong to?

  • Beta Blockers
  • Antihistamines
  • Loop Diuretics
  • Calcium channel blockers (correct)

Which of the following medications is used as a prokinetic agent?

  • glipizide
  • metoclopramide (correct)
  • sulfamethoxazole
  • prednisone

Which medication is a leukotriene antagonist?

<p>Montelukast (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an anticoagulant?

<p>warfarin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is fluticasone?

<p>Corticosteroid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a statin?

<p>Simvastatin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class does hydrochlorothiazide fall under?

<p>Thiazide Diuretics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which combination of medications includes both corticosteroids and bronchodilators?

<p>budesonide and albuterol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is known for its use in managing hypertension?

<p>metoprolol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these medications is primarily used as an antiplatelet agent?

<p>clopidogrel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug class does misoprostol belong to?

<p>Prostaglandin E analog (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is categorized as a loop diuretic?

<p>furosemide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is commonly prescribed for managing diabetes?

<p>glipizide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is zolpidem?

<p>Sedative-hypnotic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a first-generation antihistamine?

<p>diphenhydramine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications can be classified as corticosteroids?

<p>prednisone (A), dexamethasone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medications are included in the class of Beta Blockers?

<p>atenolol (B), metoprolol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of medications serves as Xanthine Derivatives?

<p>theophylline and caffeine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of drugs does phenylephrine belong to?

<p>Adrenergic Agonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these medications is a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes?

<p>metformin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class is associated with medications like captopril and lisinopril?

<p>ACE Inhibitors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What medication is classified as an antiplatelet agent?

<p>clopidogrel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is part of the class known as leukotriene antagonists?

<p>zafirlukast (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is primarily used for hypertension treatment from the list?

<p>Diltiazem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the medication that is a common antiplatelet agent.

<p>Clopidogrel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a mucosal protectant?

<p>Sucralfate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a 2nd generation antihistamine?

<p>Fexofenadine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for xanthine derivatives?

<p>Inhibit phosphodiesterase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications can be classified as a corticosteroid when taken orally?

<p>Prednisone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the class of medication that includes atorvastatin.

<p>Statins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a combination medication for asthma management?

<p>Budesonide/formoterol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of antidiarrheal medications such as diphenoxylate with atropine?

<p>To inhibit peristalsis and reduce gastrointestinal motility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is NOT classified as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)?

<p>Cimetidine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of beta-adrenergic blockers like metoprolol?

<p>Reduce heart rate and myocardial contractility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of medication can act as both an anticholinergic and a bronchodilator?

<p>Ipratropium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication listed is categorized as a xanthine derivative?

<p>Theophylline (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medication is primarily indicated for the management of cholesterol levels?

<p>Statins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is a common corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory properties?

<p>Prednisone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of calcium channel blockers like amlodipine on cardiovascular function?

<p>Induce vasodilation and reduce heart workload (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is commonly prescribed as a loop diuretic and is known for its potent diuretic effects?

<p>Furosemide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications are classified as corticosteroids used in inhalation therapy?

<p>Fluticasone (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of statins in medication management?

<p>Lower blood cholesterol levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a notable example of an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clots?

<p>Warfarin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify a medication commonly used as a prokinetic agent to enhance gut motility.

<p>Metoclopramide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a category of drugs primarily used for managing hypertension and heart conditions?

<p>Beta Blockers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications acts as a 2nd generation antihistamine, providing relief from allergic symptoms?

<p>Cetirizine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is typically used to alleviate gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) by reducing stomach acid?

<p>PPIs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications includes drugs that primarily function as vasodilators?

<p>Vasodilators (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used as an antihistamine with the least sedative effects?

<p>Loratadine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is known as a leukotriene antagonist that helps in the management of asthma?

<p>Montelukast (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is primarily indicated for the treatment of joint inflammation pain due to arthritis?

<p>NSAIDs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications can be used to increase gastrointestinal motility?

<p>Metoclopramide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication class includes drugs primarily used for blood sugar control in type 2 diabetes?

<p>Sulfonylureas (A), Biguanides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which agent listed is primarily used for its anticoagulant properties?

<p>Warfarin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a calcium channel blocker and is utilized for managing hypertension?

<p>Amlodipine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of medications comprises drugs used to manage allergies and allergic reactions?

<p>Antihistamines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action for loop diuretics such as furosemide?

<p>Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is known for its use in treating depression?

<p>Fluoxetine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do prostaglandin E analogs like misoprostol play in medical treatment?

<p>Preventing stomach ulcers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is classified as a xanthine derivative that aids in bronchodilation?

<p>Theophylline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the drug class that includes medications primarily used for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.

<p>NSAIDs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is primarily indicated for the management of hypertension and heart conditions?

<p>Nifedipine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which agent is commonly used to unwind the gastrointestinal tract by increasing motility?

<p>Metoclopramide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Antiviralia

Medicamenta ad virus comprimendum

Antibiotica Macrolida

Antibiotica classis ad bacteria comprimendum

Cephalosporina

Antibiotica classis, bacteria obstantia

Corticosteroides

Hormones ad inflammatio comprimendum

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Diuretica Loop

Medicamenta ad aquam superfluam in corpore eliminare

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Inhibitores ACE

Medicamenta ad tensionem sanguinis deprimendum

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Statina

Medicamenta ad cholesterolum deprimendum

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Antihistaminica

Medicamenta ad histaminum reactiones comprimendum

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Antibiotics (Macrolides)

A type of antibiotic that works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. They are used to treat various bacterial infections.

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Carbapenems

A class of broad-spectrum antibiotics used to treat severe infections. They work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.

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Leukotriene Antagonists

Medicines that block the release of chemicals (leukotrienes) that cause inflammation in the airways. They are used to treat asthma.

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Anticholinergics

Medications that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes bronchoconstriction (narrowing of the airways). They are used to treat asthma and COPD.

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Xanthine Derivatives

Medications that relax the smooth muscles in the airways. They can be used to treat asthma and COPD.

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Loop Diuretics

Medications that eliminate excess water and salt from the body, commonly used for high blood pressure and heart failure.

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Beta Blockers

Medications that block the action of adrenaline, lowering heart rate and blood pressure.

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Anticoagulants

Medications that prevent blood clots from forming, used to treat and prevent stroke and heart attack.

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NSAIDs

Medications that relieve pain and reduce inflammation by blocking certain enzymes.

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Antivirals for Flu

Medicines that fight against the influenza virus, preventing it from spreading in your body.

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Macrolide Antibiotics

A class of antibiotics that target bacteria by hindering their protein production, slowing down their growth.

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What do Cephalosporins do?

They are a group of antibiotics that attack bacteria by disrupting their cell wall construction, weakening them.

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What are Corticosteroids used for?

Steroid hormones that reduce inflammation in various parts of the body, especially helpful in managing asthma and allergies.

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How do Leukotriene Antagonists work?

These medicines block the release of leukotrienes, chemicals that cause inflammation in the airways, effectively easing asthma.

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What are Anticholinergics?

Medications that block the action of acetylcholine, a chemical that constricts airways, aiding in asthma and COPD management.

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What do Loop Diuretics do?

They remove excess water and salt from the body, often used for high blood pressure and heart failure.

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What are Beta Blockers used for?

These medications slow down your heart rate and lower blood pressure by blocking the action of adrenaline.

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Antiviral Medications

Medicines that fight against viruses by hindering their growth and spread within the body.

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Study Notes

Medicae Classicationes

  • Antivirales: Oseltamivir (Tamiflu), zanamivir, peramivir
  • Antibiotics (macrolides): Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin
  • Cephalosporins: Ceftriaxone, cefepime
  • Carbapenems: Meropenem
  • Corticosteroids (inhaled): Fluticasone, beclomethasone, budesonide; (oral): Prednisone, prednisolone
  • Leukotriene antagonists: Zafirlukast, montelukast
  • Anticholinergics: Ipratropium, tiotropium
  • Xanthine derivatives: Theophylline
  • LABA: Salmeterol, formoterol, albuterol, terbutaline; combination: budesonide/formoterol
  • Antihistamines (1st gen): Diphenhydramine; (2nd gen): Loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, desloratadine
  • Decongestants: Phenylephrine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine
  • Loop diuretics: Furosemide, torsemide
  • Thiazide diuretics: Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Potassium-sparing diuretics: Spironolactone
  • Calcium channel blockers: Nifedipine, amlodipine
  • Beta blockers: Metoprolol, propranolol, carvedilol, atenolol, labetalol
  • Alpha adrenergic blockers: Prazosin, clonidine
  • Vasodilators: Hydralazine
  • ACE inhibitors: Captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
  • ARBs: Losartan
  • STATINS: Atorvastatin, simvastatin
  • Nitrates: Isosorbide mononitrate
  • Cardiac glycosides: Digoxin
  • Anticoagulants: Heparin, enoxaparin, warfarin
  • Antiplatelet agents: Aspirin, clopidogrel
  • Histamine receptor antagonists: Cimetidine, famotidine
  • PPIs: Omeprazole, pantoprazole
  • Antacids: Aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate
  • Prokinetics: Metoclopramide
  • Mucosal protectants: Sucralfate
  • Prostaglandin E analogs: Misoprostol
  • Antidiarrheals: Diphenoxylate plus atropine, Imodium
  • Antiemetics (serotonin antagonists): Zofran; dopamine antagonists: Reglan, phenergan; anticholinergics: scopolamine
  • Sulfonylureas: Glipizide, glimepiride
  • Meglitinides: Repaglinide
  • Biguanides: Metformin
  • Gliptins: Sitagliptin
  • Hyperglycemic agents: Glucagon, dextrose 50% water
  • NSAIDs (1st gen): Aspirin, motrin, advil, aleve, ketorolac (IV); (2nd gen): Celebrex
  • Beta-adrenergic blockers: Timolol
  • Alpha 2-adrenergic blockers: Brimonidine
  • Prostaglandin analogs: Latanoprost
  • Adrenergic agonists: Phenylephrine
  • Anticholinergics: Atropine
  • Cholinergic agonists: Pilocarpine

Additional Information

  • Beta-adrenergic blockers: Timolol
  • Alpha 2 adrenergic blockers: Brimonidine

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