Media Literacy and Prehistoric Art Quiz

Elements of Communication

• Communication is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to express or exchange information. It involves sharing ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., with others across various channels, contexts, media, and cultures.
• The Shannon-Weaver Model (1948) describes communication as a process with a sender who encodes a message and sends it via a channel to a receiver who decodes it.
• A sender originates the message, selecting the desired information.
• An encoder converts the message into signals.
• A decoder receives the message and interprets the signals.
• A receiver is the destination of the message.
• Noise can disrupt the message during transmission, affecting the receiver's interpretation.
• Feedback enables evaluation of the message's effectiveness.
• Information processed data and/or knowledge derived from study, experience, instruction, signals, or symbols.

Media Literacy

• Media are channels used to communicate messages.
• Technology is the application of scientific knowledge to improve the human environment.
• Literacy is the ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, and compute, using printed and written materials in varying contexts.
• Media literacy involves the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, communicate, and create media in various forms.

Rules of Netiquette

• Netiquette is internet etiquette, a code of polite behavior online.
• Remember the human: Treat others online as you would in person.
• Know where you are: Familiarize yourself with the online community's norms and guidelines.
• Adhere to standards: Follow the same standards of behavior online that you follow in real-life.
• Respect time and bandwidth: Be considerate of other people's time.
• Make yourself look good online: Present yourself professionally and politely.
• Share your expertise: Contribute knowledgeable information.
• Keep flame wars under control: Avoid aggressive or emotional responses online.
• Respect privacy: Do not intrude on others' privacy.

The Evolution of Traditional Media to New Media

• Pre-industrial Age (before 1700s): Fire discovery was a pivotal moment. Tools, weapons, and art were created using stone, bronze, and copper. Cave paintings and petroglyphs were forms of early media.
• 2,400 BC Clay tablets in Mesopotamia were used to record daily life and transactions, using cuneiform.
• 2,500 BC Papyrus in Egypt enabled the creation of scrolls for written material. These were used for administrative records, religious texts, and legal documents.
• 220 AD Chinese develop printing press using wood blocks; this was perfected in the Tang Dynasty.
• Industrial Age (1700s-1930s): The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg, revolutionised books and materials. The industrial age also involved printing, typewriters, and electricity.
• Electronic Age (1930s-1980s): The transistor, used in radios, electronics, and computers, shaped communications.
• Information Age (1990s-2000s): The internet, blogs, and social media platforms (e.g., Facebook and WordPress) emerged.

Media Classification Ratings

• Different countries/regions use various systems to classify films and TV shows.
• Some examples of these ratings include G, PG, R-13, R-16, R-18, X, and many others that have similar meanings across the globe.

Media Effects

• Third-Party Effect: Individuals often perceive others as being more affected by media than themselves.
• Reciprocal Effect: Media attention to a person or an event can influence how the person or event operates.
• Boomerang Effect: Media-induced changes might lead to outcomes opposite to what was desired.
• Cultivation Theory: Media exposure can influence societal perceptions of risk and violence.

Information and Data Sources

• Primary Sources: Original, firsthand materials created by people involved in events. Examples include diaries, artifacts, and autobiographies.
• Secondary Sources: Information based on analysis and interpretation of primary sources. Example; analysis of diaries, evaluations of primary sources, news reports.
• Tertiary Sources: Information that collects, organizes, and summarizes primary and secondary sources. Examples: encyclopedias, textbooks, and dictionaries.

Digital Divide, Addiction, and Bullying

• Digital Divide: The gap in access to and use of information and communication technologies.
• Digital Addiction: Excessive use impacting well-being that involves computer games and/or the internet.
• Bullying: Unwanted, aggressive behavior involving a real or perceived power imbalance, repeated over time.

Intellectual Property

• Copyrights: exclusive rights of creators to literary, scientific, and artistic works.
• Patents: government-granted exclusive rights to inventors for new products or technical solutions.
• Trademarks: distinguishing business' goods/services from other traders. This involves words, logos, or symbols.