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Questions and Answers
What are conventions in media primarily connected to?
What are conventions in media primarily connected to?
Which of the following best describes form conventions?
Which of the following best describes form conventions?
Which of the following is NOT an example of story conventions?
Which of the following is NOT an example of story conventions?
What do genre conventions refer to?
What do genre conventions refer to?
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Who are considered media producers?
Who are considered media producers?
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What is the definition of language?
What is the definition of language?
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Which type of code gives deeper meaning through objects and settings?
Which type of code gives deeper meaning through objects and settings?
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What does technical code in media typically include?
What does technical code in media typically include?
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What is the purpose of a close-up shot?
What is the purpose of a close-up shot?
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In what way do medium shots serve a narrative purpose?
In what way do medium shots serve a narrative purpose?
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Which camera shot is commonly used for expansive views of landscapes?
Which camera shot is commonly used for expansive views of landscapes?
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How can ominous music function in media?
How can ominous music function in media?
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What does a fade to black typically signify in media editing?
What does a fade to black typically signify in media editing?
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What does a Dutch angle shot indicate in a scene?
What does a Dutch angle shot indicate in a scene?
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What type of shot frames the subject from the mid-thighs up, often used in Western films?
What type of shot frames the subject from the mid-thighs up, often used in Western films?
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Which type of camera movement involves the camera moving alongside the subject?
Which type of camera movement involves the camera moving alongside the subject?
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What is the primary purpose of a tilt shot in filmmaking?
What is the primary purpose of a tilt shot in filmmaking?
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Which shot is established by being positioned between a character and the object they are looking at?
Which shot is established by being positioned between a character and the object they are looking at?
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How does a dolly shot differ from zooming in on a subject?
How does a dolly shot differ from zooming in on a subject?
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What is the primary effect of using a pedestal shot in a scene?
What is the primary effect of using a pedestal shot in a scene?
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Which shot provides a view as if through the eyes of a character?
Which shot provides a view as if through the eyes of a character?
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Flashcards
Shoulder Level Shot
Shoulder Level Shot
A shot taken at the same height as the subject's shoulders.
Cowboy Shot
Cowboy Shot
A shot that frames the subject from the mid-thighs up. Often used in Western films.
Dutch Angle
Dutch Angle
A shot that's tilted to show something is wrong or odd, such as an attack about to happen.
Point of View Shot
Point of View Shot
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Pan Shot
Pan Shot
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Tilt Shot
Tilt Shot
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Tracking Shot
Tracking Shot
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Zoom
Zoom
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Language
Language
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Media Language
Media Language
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Codes
Codes
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Symbolic Codes
Symbolic Codes
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Written Codes
Written Codes
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Technical Codes
Technical Codes
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Medium Shot
Medium Shot
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Extreme Close-Up
Extreme Close-Up
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Conventions
Conventions
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Form Conventions
Form Conventions
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Story Conventions
Story Conventions
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Genre Conventions
Genre Conventions
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Media Messages
Media Messages
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Study Notes
Media and Information Languages
- Language is a system of arbitrary, vocal symbols that allows people within the same culture to communicate and interact.
- Media language encompasses codes, conventions, formats, symbols, and narrative structures, conveying meaning to an audience through media messages.
- Codes are systems of signs that together create meaning. Often, codes use randomly assigned numbers and letters for specific meanings.
Types of Codes
- Symbolic codes represent ideas visually, using objects, settings, body language, clothing, color, etc. to show what is beneath the surface of a visual representation, as characters' actions can communicate how a character feels
- Written codes utilize stylistic language, textual layout (such as headlines, captions, speech bubbles), and language style to convey meaning.
- Technical codes use various technical methods, like sound, camera angles, and lighting to create meaning in media. Examples are shown below.
Technical Codes Examples
- Camera angles: high-angle shots create a feeling of power in a subject, while close-ups convey intense emotion.
- Lighting: warm lighting (yellow/orange) and cool lighting (green/blue) can convey different emotions.
- Sound: ominous music can indicate danger. A fade to black in editing signifies time passing.
Camera Shots
- Shots are frames captured by a camera used to convey a story, action, or highlight a subject.
- Shot types include: medium shot, extreme close-up, close-up, long shot, wide shot, Dutch angle, shoulder level shot, cowboy shot.
- Medium shot focuses on a subject from the waist up.
- Extreme close-up emphasizes a small area of a subject (like eyes or mouth).
- Close-up captures subject details through proximity.
- Long shot provides a wider perspective including the surrounding environment, to provide context.
- Wide shot shows the broad action and setting of a story, placing the character within their context.
- Dutch angle tilts the shot to suggest something is wrong or unusual might be happening.
- Shoulder level shot is positioned at the height of the subject's shoulders.
- Cowboy shot frames a subject from their mid-thighs up. It's common in Westerns.
Point of View (POV) Shots
- A POV shot represents the perspective of a character in a scene, visually showing what that character can see.
- POV shots are typically short and positioned between shots of a character looking.
- Different types of POV shots include establish shot, POV shot, over-the-shoulder shot, reaction shot, reverse-angle shot, insert shot, handheld camera shot, aerial/high angle shot, high-angle shot, low angle shot, and eye-level shot/straight-on angle.
Camera Movements
- Camera movement enhances a story and changes audience perspectives through specific techniques, without cutting between shots.
- Camera movement types include panning, tilting, tracking, pedestal, zoom, and dolly shots.
- Panning moves the camera horizontally across a scene.
- Tilting moves the camera vertically up or down.
- Tracking/following moves the camera alongside the subject.
- Pedestal moves the camera up or down, keeping the framing at a relative angle.
- Zooming adjusts the camera lens to change the subject's size.
- Dolly shots move the camera closer to or further from the subject.
Conventions
- Conventions are accepted ways of using media codes that are closely connected to audience expectations of a media product.
- Types of conventions are form conventions, story conventions, and genre conventions.
- Form conventions dictate the arrangement of elements in a media product (e.g., titles, credits, newspapers, and video games).
- Story conventions outline typical narrative structures (e.g., cause and effect, narrative structures, and character construction).
- Genre conventions establish common elements and tropes, characters, settings, or themes associated with specific mediums (e.g., characters, settings, and themes).
Media Messages, Producers, Stakeholders, and Audience
- Media messages are pieces of information sent between a sender and receiver.
- Media producers are individuals who create and compile media content.
- Media stakeholders are those with interests or intentions involved with the process.
- Media audiences consist of consumers who receive the media message.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the various elements of media and information languages. This quiz covers concepts such as codes, conventions, and the types of codes that convey meaning through media messages. Dive deep into the symbolic, written, and technical codes that shape media communication.
