Med Term Chapter 9 Flashcards

Lymphatic System and Blood Terms

• Lymphadenopathy: Indicates disease affecting lymph glands, often signaling infection or malignancy.
• Lymphangiography: Imaging technique that visualizes lymphatic channels and nodes using contrast agents.
• Lymphangioma: Tumor originating from lymphatic vessels.
• Lymphoma: Malignancy of lymphocytes commonly affecting lymph nodes and other lymphatic tissues.
• Lymphoscintigraphy: Utilizes a radioactive tracer to study lymph flow, identify blockages, and locate sentinel nodes.
• Lymph Node: Acts as a reservoir for cellular debris, actively phagocytizing bacteria and harmful materials.

Blood Components and Related Disorders

• Microcyte: Refers to an abnormally small red blood cell, indicating potential anemia.
• Neutrophil: The most abundant type of white blood cell (leukocyte), essential for immune defense.
• Hematology: The field dedicated to studying blood cells, clotting mechanisms, bone marrow, and lymph nodes.
• Leukocytosis: Characterized by an abnormal increase in white blood cells, often due to infection or inflammation.
• Hemoglobin: The essential blood protein responsible for oxygen transport.
• Platelets: The smallest formed elements in blood, crucial for coagulation.

Immune System Terminology

• Phagocyte: A cell that engulfs and consumes foreign substances, vital for immune response.
• Antigen: A substance that triggers the formation of antibodies, a key player in immune reactions.
• B cells, T cells, Natural Killer Cells: Three main types of lymphocytes involved in adaptive and innate immunity.
• Basophil: A type of granulocyte that initiates inflammatory responses.

Clinical Terms and Conditions

• Thrombolytic: Refers to drugs that dissolve blood clots, often used in treating strokes and heart attacks.
• Hemophilia: A hereditary disorder affecting blood clotting mechanisms, leading to excessive bleeding.
• Hemarthrosis: Condition where blood accumulates in joints, potentially causing pain and inflammation.
• Allergy: An abnormal immune response acquired over time, often triggered by environmental factors.

Additional Definitions

• Serology: The study of serum, useful in diagnosing diseases through antibody detection.
• Morphology: The study of forms and structures, particularly in cells and tissues.
• Thymopathy: Disease affecting the thymus gland, important for T-cell development.
• Immunotherapy: Treatment modality that modifies the immune system to enhance its ability to fight diseases.
• Mononuclear: Relating to cells with a single nucleus, important in various blood and immune functions.
• PT (Prothrombin Time): A test measuring the time it takes for blood to clot, particularly in patients on anticoagulation therapy.

Diagnostic Tools

• Monospot: A rapid serologic test that detects heterophile antibodies, often used to diagnose infectious mononucleosis.
• Bone Marrow Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A highly sensitive imaging technique for detecting bone or marrow lesions and changes.