CCMA Certification Study Guide Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the chief complaint?

The reason a patient called for help.

What does HPI stand for?

History of Present Illness

Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure are all _ _.

vital signs

What is the normal oral temperature range?

97.6F - 99.6F Signup and view all the answers

What is intermittent fever?

Fever that alternates between elevated and normal or subnormal body temperatures. Signup and view all the answers

What is remittent fever?

Fever in which temperature fluctuates greatly but never falls to the normal level. Signup and view all the answers

What is continuous fever?

A fever that remains constant above the baseline and does not fluctuate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal pulse rate?

60-100 BPM Signup and view all the answers

What factors are considered when measuring respirations?

Rate, rhythm, and depth. Signup and view all the answers

What does systole refer to?

Contraction of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What does diastole refer to?

Relaxation of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

What are anthropometric measurements?

Measurement of height, weight, BMI, head circumference in infants, waist to hip, % of body fat. Signup and view all the answers

What does inspection refer to in a medical examination?

General appearance, state of nutrition, body habits, symmetry, posture and gait, speech. Signup and view all the answers

What is palpation?

To examine by touch. Signup and view all the answers

What is percussion in physical examination?

A method of tapping over the body to elicit vibrations and sounds to estimate the size, border, or fluid content of a cavity. Signup and view all the answers

What does auscultation mean?

The act of listening to sounds arising within organs (such as the lungs or heart). Signup and view all the answers

What is OSHA?

A government agency in the Department of Labor to maintain a safe and healthy work environment. Signup and view all the answers

What is cardiopulmonary resuscitation?

An emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression. Signup and view all the answers

What causes shock?

Inadequate blood flow to the heart and in turn to the rest of the body. Signup and view all the answers

Pale, cold, clammy skin, rapid, weak pulse, and increased shallow breathing are all __________ _ _________.

symptoms of shock Signup and view all the answers

What is the first aid for shock?

Maintain open airway for the victim, call for assistance, keep victim lying down w/ head lower than rest of body. Signup and view all the answers

What is the portal of exit?

Method in which an infectious agent leaves the reservoir. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by mode of transmission?

Contact, droplet, air, vehicles, or vectorborne. Signup and view all the answers

What is the portal of entry?

A pathway by which the causative agent enters the host. Signup and view all the answers

What is a susceptible host?

An individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent. Signup and view all the answers

What is disinfection?

Process used to destroy microorganisms; destroys all pathogenic organisms except spores. Signup and view all the answers

What is chemical sterilization?

Uses the same chemical as disinfection, but with a longer exposure time. Signup and view all the answers

What is steam sterilization (autoclave)?

Uses steam under pressure to obtain higher temperature (250-254F) with exposure time of 20-40 minutes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection?

Hand washing Signup and view all the answers

What is hand antisepsis?

The removal & destruction of transient microorganisms using antimicrobial soaps. Signup and view all the answers

What does PPE stand for?

Personal Protective Equipment Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Medical Terminology and Practices

Chief Complaint (CC): Primary reason for a patient's visit, typically answerable with questions like "What's wrong?"
History of Present Illness (HPI): Detailed account of the onset and progression of the current illness or symptom.
Vital Signs: Include temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure; crucial for assessing a patient's condition.

Body Temperature and Fever Types

Normal Oral Temperature: Ranges from 97.6°F to 99.6°F.
Intermittent Fever: Fluctuates between high and normal/subnormal temperatures.
Remittent Fever: Characterized by significant fluctuations without dropping to normal levels.
Continuous Fever: Remains above baseline without fluctuations.

Cardiovascular Measurements

Normal Pulse Rate: Between 60 and 100 beats per minute (BPM).
Systole: Refers to the contraction phase of the heart.
Diastole: Indicates the relaxation phase of the heart.

Patient Assessment Techniques

Anthropometric Measurements: Include height, weight, BMI, and other body metrics such as waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage.
Inspection: Involves observing general appearance, nutritional state, body structure, and speech.
Palpation: Examining the body using touch.
Percussion: Tapping on the body to assess underlying structures by sounds or vibrations.
Auscultation: Listening to internal organ sounds to assist with diagnosis.

Safety and Emergency Procedures

OSHA: Agency focused on ensuring safe working conditions in the workplace.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Essential emergency procedure involving artificial respiration and chest compressions.
Shock: Results from inadequate blood flow, leading to symptoms like pale skin, rapid weak pulse, and shallow breathing.

Infection Control Concepts

Portal of Exit: Routes through which infectious agents leave their reservoir, e.g., body fluids like blood.
Mode of Transmission: Methods by which infections spread, including contact, droplet, airborne, vehicles, or vectorborne.
Portal of Entry: Pathways through which pathogens enter a host, such as cuts or mucous membranes.
Susceptible Host: Individuals lacking sufficient resistance to pathogens.

Sterilization and Infection Prevention

Disinfection: Process to eliminate pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects; excludes spores.
Chemical Sterilization: Extends disinfectant exposure time for more effective sterilization.
Steam Sterilization (Autoclave): Utilizes steam under pressure at 250-254°F for 20-40 minutes for sterilization.
Hand Washing: Most effective method for preventing infection transmission.
Hand Antisepsis: Removal of transient microbes using antimicrobial soaps.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Includes masks, goggles, face shields, and respirators to protect against exposure.

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Prepare for your CCMA certification with these flashcards. Each card covers essential terms and definitions related to patient care, including the chief complaint and history of present illness. Enhance your understanding and retention with this effective study method.