Questions and Answers
What is the chief complaint?
The reason a patient called for help.
What does HPI stand for?
History of Present Illness
Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure are all ___________ ___________.
vital signs
What is the normal oral temperature range?
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What is intermittent fever?
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What is remittent fever?
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What is continuous fever?
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What is the normal pulse rate?
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What factors are considered when measuring respirations?
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What does systole refer to?
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What does diastole refer to?
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What are anthropometric measurements?
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What does inspection refer to in a medical examination?
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What is palpation?
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What is percussion in physical examination?
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What does auscultation mean?
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What is OSHA?
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What is cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
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What causes shock?
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Pale, cold, clammy skin, rapid, weak pulse, and increased shallow breathing are all ____________ ___ _________.
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What is the first aid for shock?
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What is the portal of exit?
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What is meant by mode of transmission?
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What is the portal of entry?
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What is a susceptible host?
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What is disinfection?
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What is chemical sterilization?
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What is steam sterilization (autoclave)?
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What is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection?
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What is hand antisepsis?
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What does PPE stand for?
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Study Notes
Medical Terminology and Practices
- Chief Complaint (CC): Primary reason for a patient's visit, typically answerable with questions like "What's wrong?"
- History of Present Illness (HPI): Detailed account of the onset and progression of the current illness or symptom.
- Vital Signs: Include temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure; crucial for assessing a patient's condition.
Body Temperature and Fever Types
- Normal Oral Temperature: Ranges from 97.6°F to 99.6°F.
- Intermittent Fever: Fluctuates between high and normal/subnormal temperatures.
- Remittent Fever: Characterized by significant fluctuations without dropping to normal levels.
- Continuous Fever: Remains above baseline without fluctuations.
Cardiovascular Measurements
- Normal Pulse Rate: Between 60 and 100 beats per minute (BPM).
- Systole: Refers to the contraction phase of the heart.
- Diastole: Indicates the relaxation phase of the heart.
Patient Assessment Techniques
- Anthropometric Measurements: Include height, weight, BMI, and other body metrics such as waist-to-hip ratio and body fat percentage.
- Inspection: Involves observing general appearance, nutritional state, body structure, and speech.
- Palpation: Examining the body using touch.
- Percussion: Tapping on the body to assess underlying structures by sounds or vibrations.
- Auscultation: Listening to internal organ sounds to assist with diagnosis.
Safety and Emergency Procedures
- OSHA: Agency focused on ensuring safe working conditions in the workplace.
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Essential emergency procedure involving artificial respiration and chest compressions.
- Shock: Results from inadequate blood flow, leading to symptoms like pale skin, rapid weak pulse, and shallow breathing.
Infection Control Concepts
- Portal of Exit: Routes through which infectious agents leave their reservoir, e.g., body fluids like blood.
- Mode of Transmission: Methods by which infections spread, including contact, droplet, airborne, vehicles, or vectorborne.
- Portal of Entry: Pathways through which pathogens enter a host, such as cuts or mucous membranes.
- Susceptible Host: Individuals lacking sufficient resistance to pathogens.
Sterilization and Infection Prevention
- Disinfection: Process to eliminate pathogenic organisms on inanimate objects; excludes spores.
- Chemical Sterilization: Extends disinfectant exposure time for more effective sterilization.
- Steam Sterilization (Autoclave): Utilizes steam under pressure at 250-254°F for 20-40 minutes for sterilization.
- Hand Washing: Most effective method for preventing infection transmission.
- Hand Antisepsis: Removal of transient microbes using antimicrobial soaps.
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Includes masks, goggles, face shields, and respirators to protect against exposure.
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Prepare for your CCMA certification with these flashcards. Each card covers essential terms and definitions related to patient care, including the chief complaint and history of present illness. Enhance your understanding and retention with this effective study method.