47 Questions
What is the primary nutrient for the small bowel?
Glutamine
In which portion of the small intestine is 90% of ulcers located?
Bulb (1st portion)
Where does the maximum absorption of B12 occur in the small intestine?
Ileum
Which artery eventually branches into the ileocolic artery?
Superior mesenteric artery
What is the length of the jejunum in centimeters?
100 cm
Where do the descending and transverse portions of the small intestine lie?
Retroperitoneally
What is the most common cause of death in patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei?
Small bowel obstruction
In the context of presumed appendicitis, what condition would still warrant an appendectomy to prevent future confounding diagnosis?
Regional enteritis not involving the cecum
What distinguishes ileus from obstruction?
Presence of bowel decompression distal to the obstruction
What is the recommended treatment for typhoid enteritis caused by Salmonella in children?
Bactrim
What is the characteristic rash associated with typhoid enteritis in children?
Maculopapular rash
What is the potential consequence of a mucocele if it is malignant?
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Which cell type releases 5-hydroxytryptamine and acts as a carcinoid precursor?
Enterochromaffin cells
What is the most important hormone in the migrating motor complex?
Motilin
Which gland produces an alkaline solution?
Brunner’s glands
What is the primary cause of gallstones after terminal ileum resection?
Malabsorption of bile salts
Which test checks for B12 absorption?
Schilling test
What is the mnemonic for nonhealing fistula causes?
FRIENDSS
What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in patients with previous surgery?
Adhesions
Which symptom is typically associated with proximal small bowel (open loop) obstruction?
Continuous vomiting of large volumes
What is the classic location for gallstone ileus?
Ileum
What is the primary cause of high-output fistulas?
Proximal bowel (duodenum or proximal jejunum)
What is the primary surgical indication for small bowel obstruction?
+Progressing pain and peritoneal signs
What is the primary infectious cause to check for in patients with persistent fever or sepsis due to nonhealing fistulas?
Abscess
What is the most common type of tissue found in Meckel's diverticulum that can cause diverticulitis?
Gastric mucosa
What is the most common presentation of Meckel's diverticulum in adults?
Obstruction
Which type of diverticulum is caused by the failure of closure of the omphalomesenteric duct?
Meckel's diverticulum
What is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis or bleeding in Meckel's diverticulum?
Diverticulectomy
In which population is there an increased incidence of Crohn's disease?
Ashkenazi Jewish population
What is the most common extra-intestinal manifestation of Crohn's disease?
Arthritis
What is the medical treatment option for acute flares of Crohn's disease if infection or toxic megacolon/colitis is a concern?
Cipro and Flagyl
What is the surgical procedure of choice for diffuse severe disease of the colon in Crohn's disease?
Proctocolectomy and ileostomy
What is the incidence of recurrence requiring surgery for Crohn’s disease after resection?
50%
What is the most common type of tissue found in Meckel's diverticulum that can cause obstructive symptoms?
Pancreas tissue
What is the most common presentation of Meckel's diverticulum in children under 2 years old?
Painless lower GI bleeding
Which of the following is the most common site for carcinoid tumor?
Appendix
What is the recommended treatment for a carcinoid in the appendix that is less than 2 cm?
Appendectomy
Which syndrome is associated with small bowel carcinoid and indicates an increased risk for multiple primaries and second unrelated malignancies?
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome
What is the highest sensitivity test for detecting a carcinoid tumor?
Chromogranin A level
Which type of tumor is most common in the duodenum and may present with symptoms of obstruction and jaundice?
Adenocarcinoma
Which condition is the most common cause of intussusception in adults and can lead to obstruction?
Cecal cancer
What is the most common presentation of appendicitis in adults?
Anorexia followed by abdominal pain (periumbilical)
What is the most common cause of appendicitis in children?
Lymphoid hyperplasia
What is the primary cause of stenosis of a stoma?
Ischemia
Which condition would still warrant an appendectomy to prevent future confounding diagnosis despite a walled-off perforated appendix seen on CT scan?
Mucocele
Which test would be necessary for women with suspected appendicitis to rule out OB/GYN causes of abdominal pain?
Beta-HCG test
What is the primary cause of high-output fistulas near a stoma site?
Crohn’s disease
Test your knowledge about Meckel's diverticulum, a true diverticulum caused by the failure of closure of the omphalomesenteric duct. Learn about its prevalence, common presentations in different age groups, and the types of tissues that can be found in it.
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