36 Questions
What is the role of integrin in cellular function?
Aids in cell adhesion
Which component provides intercellular tensegrity through microfilaments of non-contractile actin/myosin?
Collagen
How does collagen content vary across musculoskeletal tissues?
Collagen constitutes 1-2% of muscle tissue
What effect does aging have on collagen structure?
Increases intra and intermolecular collagen cross-linking
Which molecule is responsible for the stability of the collagen structure?
All of thee mentioned
During which phase of tissue healing does collagen deposition result in increased scar tensile strength to about 15% of normal tissue?
Proliferative phase
What is the main matrix element of dense connective tissue?
Collagen fibers
What stimulates capillary budding from healthy arterioles to form mature blood vessels during tissue healing?
Low oxygen levels
Which type of collagen is the main component of reticular fibers?
Type III
In which phase of tissue healing does fibroplasia occur, leading to scar formation?
Proliferative phase
What characterizes the tensile strength of a wound during the fibroblastic repair phase?
Reaches about 15% of normal tissue strength
What is the most common type of collagen in the human body?
Type I
Which type of collagen forms the basal lamina in the body?
Type IV
In dense connective tissue, what is crowded between the collagen fibers?
Fibroblasts
What is the term used to describe the process of collagen fibers combining to form distinct waveforms or 'Crimp' to promote tissue stiffness?
Collagen crimping
Excessive un-crimping of collagen fascicles will result in:
Permanent length changes
What are the three external forces that can cause deformation in collagen?
Compression Force, Tensile Force, Shear Force
Collagen compliance in tendons and ligaments is primarily a function of:
Crimp angle
During the maturation-remodeling phase of tissue healing, what is the process that involves increased stress and strain resulting in collagen realignment and strength?
Inductive or Tissue Tension Theory
What is the typical timeframe for collagen to reach about 20% of its normal strength during the maturation-remodeling phase?
3 weeks
Which type of scar is typically present after 3-4 weeks in the maturation-remodeling phase?
Nonvascular, contracted, strong scar
Which theory describes increased stress and strain leading to collagen realignment and strength during tissue healing?
Inductive or Tissue Tension Theory
What is the definition of strain in the context of collagen?
The temporary elongation that occurs when an external force is applied
What does stiffness refer to in terms of collagen?
The resistance to lengthening under lesser loads
What term is used to describe the combination of viscosity and elasticity in collagen?
Viscoelasticity
How does collagen respond to different rates of loading?
It reacts differently based on the speed of loading
What does a tissue with increased viscosity demonstrate in terms of stress-strain slopes?
Steep slopes due to higher viscous stiffness
What happens to collagen under a specific load applied over time?
It deforms
When collagen deformation occurs over time, what happens to the internal stress within the collagen?
It decreases
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where a viscoelastic material shows different loading and unloading curves?
Hysteresis
What does hysteresis represent in the context of a viscoelastic material?
Energy dissipation or loss during loading and unloading
How does hysteresis change with cyclical loading on a tendon?
Decreases
What causes pain when the viscoelastic properties of collagen have been exceeded?
Energy dissipation
In what way does collagen respond to a constant load over time?
By deforming
What is the term used to describe the reduction of internal forces in a tendon due to elongation under low load passive stretch?
Stress relaxation
"The difference between the loading and unloading curve of a viscoelastic material represents:"
% Loss of energy
Learn about the mechanical properties of collagen, focusing on strain which is the temporary elongation or deformation that occurs when external forces are applied within physiologic limits. Explore how tensile stresses and shear stresses play a role in resisting opposing and parallel forces in collagen.
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