Measuring Lift in Earthwork Excavation
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Questions and Answers

What is included in the rate for excavation?

  • Carting and disposing excavated materials beyond the specified lead
  • Payment for filling and consolidation inside the trenches, sides of foundations, plinth etc.
  • Backfilling and consolidation in sides of foundation and plinth with excavated material
  • Cost of all tools, plants, explosives, shoring, dewatering, and labor (correct)

    • Who is responsible for measuring and recording the site levels?

  • The Engineer-in-charge only
  • The Engineer-in-charge and the contractor jointly (correct)
  • The Engineer-in-charge or his representatives only
  • The contractor

    • What is the purpose of anti-termite treatment?

  • To provide a physical barrier against sub-terrain termites
  • To provide a chemical barrier against sub-terrain termites (correct)
  • To provide a mechanical barrier against sub-terrain termites
  • To provide a biological barrier against sub-terrain termites

    • What is the scope of pre-constructional anti-termite treatment?

    <p>Soil treatment with approved chemicals in water emulsion in foundation trenches, plinth beams, plinth filling, etc.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred membership for the specialized agency for anti-termite treatment?

    <p>Indian Pest Control Association</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard to be followed for anti-termite treatment?

    <p>IS 6313 (part II) 1981</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should the pre-constructional anti-termite treatment be applied?

    <p>During the construction stages of the sub-structure up to plinth level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the quantity of excavation?

    <p>The necessary additional quantity of excavation involved beyond the plan dimensions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who decides on the method of measurement for excavation?

    <p>The Engineer-in-charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the consolidated filling?

    <p>Cubic meters up to two places of decimal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of removing trees, stumps, logs, or roots from the building site during site preparation?

    <p>To assist with the uniform distribution of the chemical emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to moisten the soil before applying the chemical emulsion in sandy or porous soil?

    <p>To prevent piping or excessive percolation of the emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of scarifying the soil surface to a depth of 75mm in clay or heavy soils?

    <p>To facilitate the penetration of the chemical emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended rate of application of the chemical emulsion in foundation trenches?

    <p>5 litres/sqm of horizontal surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to treat the sides of the foundation trenches?

    <p>To ensure continuity of the chemical barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of making holes at 150mm centers on the surface of the filled earth within plinth walls?

    <p>To facilitate the penetration of the chemical emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to establish continuity of the vertical chemical barrier on inner wall surfaces?

    <p>To ensure the effectiveness of the chemical emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended rate of application of the chemical emulsion on top surfaces of plinth filling?

    <p>5 litres/sqm of surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary to make a small channel at the junction of walls and floors?

    <p>To establish continuity of the vertical chemical barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of rodding the earth at 150mm centers close to the wall surface?

    <p>To facilitate the penetration of the chemical emulsion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the depth up to which excavation is included in the item of earthwork for various kinds of soil?

    <p>1.5m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the extra lift measured?

    <p>In units of 1.5m or part thereof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the depth beyond which excavation is measured net?

    <p>30cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the dimensions for the purpose of payment reckoned?

    <p>On the horizontal area of the excavations at the base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reduction percentage considered for voids in rock excavation?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reduction percentage considered for soil excavation?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method of measurement for excavation in areas having depths less than 30cm?

    <p>Surface measurement on square meter basis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition is the excavation for side slopes paid for?

    <p>Never</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of treating the soil beneath the expansion joints?

    <p>To ensure the continuity of the chemical barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the treated soil barriers are disturbed?

    <p>Take immediate steps to restore the continuity and completeness of the barrier system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely source of accidental poisoning when handling chemicals?

    <p>Absorption through the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done in case of severe contamination with chemicals?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the guarantee provided by the contractor?

    <p>10 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basis of payment for the treatment?

    <p>Plinth area measurements at ground floor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stones are preferred for rubble stone soling?

    <p>Black trap or granite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to prevent skin contact with concentrates?

    <p>Wear gloves and protective clothing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why should flames be avoided during mixing of chemicals?

    <p>To prevent fire hazards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to ensure the continuity of the chemical barrier?

    <p>Treat the soil right up to the bottom of the vertical wall / column surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary requirement for the surface before laying rubble soling?

    <p>Clearing of loose materials and leveling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the stones be laid in rubble soling?

    <p>With their bases of the largest area resting on the sub-grade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum tolerance allowed for the specified thickness of soling?

    <p>25mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be used to fill the interstices between the stones in rubble soling?

    <p>Quarry spoils or stone chips of larger size possible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of watering and consolidating the rubble soling?

    <p>To compact the surface and achieve a dense sub-base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the rate for rubble soling be quoted?

    <p>Per square metre of the soling of specified thickness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the scope of reinforced concrete and allied works include?

    <p>General requirements for concrete jobs, including requirements for quantity, handling, storage, proportioning, batching, mixing, and testing of concrete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the requirement for the design mix of concrete in foundation and plinth?

    <p>The contractor can use equivalent nominal mix against the specified design mix concrete</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the right of the Engineer-in-charge in regards to concrete work?

    <p>To inspect the sources of materials, the layout and operation of procurement and storage of materials, the concrete batching and mixing equipments, and the quality control system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the quality of materials and method of manufacture for concrete work?

    <p>Should conform to the applicable portions of the specifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary requirement for the arrangement of concrete inspection?

    <p>Obtaining approval from the Engineer-in-charge prior to starting the concrete work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum grade of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) required for the concrete work?

    <p>43 grade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of cement bags that can be stacked in a tier?

    <p>12 bags</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for making arrangements for the storage of adequate quantity of cement?

    <p>The contractor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of maintaining a joint account of cement consumed at the site?

    <p>To ensure effective control on the quality of cement used</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration for which cement can be held in store before it needs to be retested?

    <p>90 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the certified report from the cement manufacturer's chemist?

    <p>To attest to the conformity of the cement to IS specifications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of 'Fine Aggregate' in the context of concrete manufacture?

    <p>Aggregate most of which passes through 4.75 mm I.S. sieve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is responsible for establishing cement/concrete/soil testing laboratories at the site of work?

    <p>The contractor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of testing the cement at a National Test Laboratory/Departmental Laboratory or approved laboratory?

    <p>To determine if the cement is defective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Measurement of Lift and Excavation

    • Lift is measured from ground level
    • Excavation up to 1.5m depth below ground level is included in the item of earthwork
    • Extra lift is measured in units of 1.5m or part thereof
    • Obvious lift is not measured, except for leads up to 250m
    • Excavation is measured in successive stages of 1.5m, stating the commencing level
    • Mode of Measurement: net dimensions of excavation are considered, excluding depths less than 30cm
    • Horizontal area of excavation at the base is used for payment calculations
    • Reasonable working space for waterproofing and shuttering is allowed and considered for payment

    Antitermite Treatment

    • Pre-constructional anti-termite treatment is a process of applying soil treatment to a building in its early stages of construction
    • The treatment provides a chemical barrier against sub-terrain termites
    • The treatment should be carried out by specialized agencies with sufficient experience
    • The scope of treatment includes soil treatment with approved chemicals in water emulsion
    • The treatment is applied in stages, including foundation trenches, plinth beams, and expansion joints
    • Site preparation involves removing debris, leveling, and compacting the soil
    • Chemicals used include those approved by the Engineer-in-charge
    • Precautions are taken to ensure health and safety, including wearing protective clothing and avoiding contact with chemicals

    Guarantee

    • The contractor is required to furnish a guarantee for 10 years from the date of completion of work
    • The guarantee ensures that the contractor will carry out necessary post-constructional treatment to keep the area free from termites

    Measurement of Antitermite Treatment

    • Payment is made based on plinth area measurements at ground floor level
    • The rate includes the cost of materials, labor, and all tools required for complete operation

    Hard Core / Soling under Floors/Foundations

    • The scope of work includes soling work using bricks or rubble stones laid under floors/foundations
    • The rubble stone should be of best variety, hard, durable, and free from defects
    • Preparation of the surface involves clearing, leveling, watering, and compacting the bed
    • Workmanship involves setting the stones closely, packing, and filling interstices with quarry spoils or stone chips
    • The entire surface is examined for protrusions and filled with approved murrum

    Measurement of Hard Core/Soling

    • The quoted rate is per square meter of the soling of specified thickness
    • Linear dimensions are measured up to two places of decimals of a meter
    • Plan areas of soling work actually done are measured for payment

    Reinforced Concrete and Allied Works

    • The scope of work includes general requirements for concrete jobs, including on-site production facilities
    • The quality of materials and method of control of manufacture and transportation of all concrete work conform to applicable portions of the specifications
    • Cement concrete (plain and reinforced) is used in foundation and plinth
    • Materials used include standard type Portland cement, clean sand, natural coarse aggregate, clean water, ice, and admixtures
    • The Engineer-in-charge has the right to inspect the sources of materials, layout, and operation of procurement and storage of materials
    • Cement used should be ordinary Portland cement (OPC) 43 grade manufactured as per IS specifications
    • Joint account of cement consumed at the site is maintained for verification### Cement Storage and Handling
    • Maximum 12 bags shall be stacked in any tier.
    • Storage arrangement must be approved by the Engineer-in-charge.
    • Cement consignments shall be stored as received and consumed in the order of their delivery.
    • Each consignment of cement shall be accompanied by a test certificate from the company indicating lot No, etc.
    • Samples shall be taken for each lot and sent to a Standard Approved Material Testing Laboratory for physical and chemical analysis.
    • The cost of testing shall be borne by the Contractor.
    • Cement held in store for 90 days or longer shall be retested before use in work.

    Testing and Approval of Defective Cement

    • If the Engineer-in-charge suspects defective cement, it shall be tested immediately at a National Test Laboratory or Departmental Laboratory.
    • Test results must be satisfactory before the cement can be used in work.

    Aggregates

    • Aggregate refers to both fine and coarse inert materials used in concrete manufacture.
    • Fine Aggregate: aggregate that passes through 4.75 mm I.S. sieve.
    • Coarse Aggregate: aggregate that is retained on 4.75 mm I.S. sieve.
    • All proposed aggregates shall be subject to the Engineer-in-charge's approval.
    • Source of supply shall not be changed without prior approval of the Engineer-in-charge.
    • Aggregates shall consist of natural sand, crushed stone, and gravel from a known satisfactory source.
    • Aggregates shall be chemically inert, strong, hard, durable, and free from deleterious materials.

    Sampling and Testing of Aggregates

    • Sampling of aggregates for mix design and suitability shall be taken under the Engineer-in-charge's supervision.
    • Samples shall be delivered to the laboratory for testing.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the rules and procedures for measuring lift in earthwork excavation, including the calculation of extra lift and the measurement of excavation in successive stages.

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