Measuring Intelligence & WAIS-IV Overview

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Questions and Answers

What does the digit span test primarily measure?

Visual recognition and processing skills

Spatial awareness and structure analysis

Mathematical reasoning and logic

Auditory recall and short-term memory (correct)

Which of the following subtests is used to evaluate visual alertness?

Visual puzzle

Picture completion (correct)

Digit symbol

Block design

What does positive eugenics advocate for?

Limitations on genetic research and applications

Equal reproductive rights for all individuals

Encouraging reproduction among those with 'good genes' (correct)

Sterilization of individuals with 'bad genes'

How do SAT scores correlate with IQ scores?

SAT scores correlate moderately high with IQ scores Signup and view all the answers

What is one strength of IQ scores noted in studies of adults?

IQ scores demonstrate good reliability across time Signup and view all the answers

Which group is classified as gifted according to IQ scores?

The top 2% of IQ scores Signup and view all the answers

What do twin studies reveal about the heritability of IQ?

Identical twin correlations are around 0.7 to 0.8 Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a culturally fair IQ test?

Raven’s Progressive Matrices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason self-reported intelligence is considered unreliable?

Self-reported intelligence correlates weakly with objective tests. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Dunning-Kruger effect describe?

People with low ability overestimate their skills. Signup and view all the answers

What age range is the IQ equation based on mental and chronological age valid for?

Up to 16 years old. Signup and view all the answers

In the WAIS-IV, which subtest evaluates the ability to define increasingly difficult words?

Vocabulary Signup and view all the answers

Which score is NOT provided by the WAIS-IV?

Fluid reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people have an IQ score that falls between 85 and 115?

68% Signup and view all the answers

Which WAIS-IV subtest measures abstract thinking and concept formation?

Similarities Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Mental Age' in the IQ formula signify?

The age at which a person is functioning intellectually. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Measuring Intelligence

Self-reported intelligence is unreliable
Dunning-Kruger effect: People with lower cognitive ability tend to overestimate their intelligence
Stanford-Binet test compares intelligence to population norms
IQ (Intelligence Quotient) = Mental Age / Chronological Age x 100
IQ score is mostly accurate for children up to 16 years old, adults use Deviation IQ
Average IQ = 100
68% of people fall between 85 - 115
95% fall between 70 - 130

WAIS-IV

Most common IQ test for adults
Gives five scores:
- Overall IQ
- Verbal Comprehension
- Perceptual Reasoning
- Working Memory
- Processing Speed

WAIS-IV Subtests:

Vocabulary: Measures language development and use
Similarities: Measures abstract thinking and reasoning
Information: Tests general knowledge, education, and memory
Comprehension: Measures understanding of social conventions and ability to evaluate past experiences
Arithmetic: Tests arithmetic reasoning and problem-solving
Digit Span: Measures auditory recall and short-term memory
Picture Completion: Tests visual alertness and memory
Block Design: Measures ability to perceive and analyze patterns
Figure Weights: Tests logical reasoning and quantitative reasoning
Visual Puzzles: Tests spatial reasoning
Digit Symbol: Measures speed and coding abilities

Culturally-Fair IQ Tests?

Some IQ tests attempt to avoid bias
Raven's Progressive Matrices is an example of a culturally fair test

Eugenics Movement

Belief that people with "good genes" should reproduce and those with "bad genes" should not
Positive eugenics: promote reproduction among those with "good genes"
Negative eugenics: discourage reproduction among those with "bad genes"

University and Post-Secondary Admissions Tests

Standardized tests (like SAT, LSAT, GRE) are common for university admissions
SAT scores correlate with IQ (r = 0.7 - 0.8)
SAT may not be a fair predictor of success for all groups

Reliability and Validity of IQ Scores

Good reliability: Scores are consistent over time
Validity: IQ tests measure intelligence, even if not entirely accurately

Giftedness

Refers to the top 2% of IQ scores
Terman's study of gifted children ("Termites"): Long-term success does not always follow high IQ
Genius is influenced by both genetics and dedication

Genes & Intelligence

Family studies confirm that IQ runs in families
Twin studies show higher correlation in identical twins (0.7-0.8) than fraternal twins (0.3-0.4)

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Description

Dive into the fascinating world of measuring intelligence, focusing on the Dunning-Kruger effect and the Stanford-Binet test. Learn about the WAIS-IV, its five scores, and various subtests that assess different aspects of cognitive ability and verbal comprehension. This quiz will enhance your understanding of IQ and its implications.