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Questions and Answers

What process describes how a drug leaves the body?

  • Elimination (correct)
  • Distribution
  • Absorption
  • Metabolism
  • Which injection method allows for the drug to be absorbed fairly slowly and evenly?

  • Intravenous (i.v.)
  • Subcutaneous (s.c.) (correct)
  • Intramuscular (i.m.)
  • Intraperitoneal (i.p.)
  • Which route of administration bypasses the blood-brain barrier?

  • Transdermal
  • Intracerebroventricular (correct)
  • Peroral (p.o.)
  • Intravenous (i.v.)
  • What term describes the time taken for the body to eliminate half of a drug's blood level?

    <p>Half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of drug administration typically involves injecting into the muscle's capillaries?

    <p>Intramuscular (i.m.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of drug administration is characterized by slow absorption through the digestive system?

    <p>Peroral (p.o.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key barrier to absorption for drugs administered transdermally?

    <p>Epidermis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug administration route is associated with inserting a needle into the peritoneal cavity?

    <p>Intraperitoneal (i.p.)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is chewing tobacco absorbed into the body?

    <p>Through the buccal membranes of the mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of capillaries in the absorption process?

    <p>They facilitate the transfer of nutrients and drugs into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a lipid molecule is hydrophilic?

    <p>The head region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic about inhalation of smoke differs from inhalation of gases?

    <p>Drugs in smoke particles cannot be exhaled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes categorization of lipid molecules in a membrane?

    <p>The tails face inward and the heads face outward in an organized manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of intranasal administration?

    <p>To absorb drugs through the moist mucous membranes of nasal cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances cannot move in and out of capillaries?

    <p>Red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the hydrophobic tails of lipid molecules in a membrane?

    <p>They form a protective barrier that prevents water-soluble substances from passing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which injected drugs pass into capillaries?

    <p>Simple diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor allows for faster absorption of drugs in the body?

    <p>More capillaries in the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of drugs require continuous administration to prevent symptoms from reappearing?

    <p>Depot drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are depot injections typically dissolved in for slow release?

    <p>Vicious oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is necessary for a drug to be absorbed through cell membranes?

    <p>Being lipid soluble</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does blood travel from the arteries to the heart after passing through capillaries?

    <p>Through veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for large molecules to facilitate the flow of information along neurons?

    <p>Their presence in the lipid bilayer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of high lipid solubility on a drug's effectiveness?

    <p>It causes the drug to remain in fat and reduces its effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of drugs depend on polymer beads for a sustained release into the body?

    <p>Lipid soluble drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a drug molecule when it carries an ion?

    <p>It loses its ability to dissolve in lipids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT influence the solubility of a drug in a liquid?

    <p>The temperature of the liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the placental barrier affect drug transfer from mother to fetus?

    <p>High lipid soluble drugs cross more easily, allowing 75-100% of the mother's concentration to reach the fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about drugs that are bound to large proteins in the bloodstream?

    <p>They may never reach the site of action due to their size.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term LD50 refer to in drug safety?

    <p>The dose that will kill 50% of individuals tested</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Therapeutic Index (TI) calculated?

    <p>TI = LD50/ED50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following definitions describes antagonism in drug interactions?

    <p>One drug diminishes the effect of another drug</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'Potency' in the context of drug dosages?

    <p>Differences in ED50 between drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the Therapeutic Window?

    <p>The range of blood concentrations between toxic and therapeutic levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In pharmacotherapy, which name refers to the non-proprietary designation of a drug?

    <p>Generic Name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect occurs when one drug enhances the effect of another drug?

    <p>Potentiation Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Dose-Response Curve illustrate?

    <p>The relationship between the dose of a drug and its effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

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