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Questions and Answers
What are the two antigens present in the ABO blood group system?
What are the two antigens present in the ABO blood group system?
Which blood type contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?
Which blood type contains both anti-A and anti-B antibodies?
In the ABO blood group system, what type of antibodies does a person with Type AB blood have?
In the ABO blood group system, what type of antibodies does a person with Type AB blood have?
What is the most clinically significant antigen of the Rhesus blood group system?
What is the most clinically significant antigen of the Rhesus blood group system?
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If a person has Type A blood, which type of antibodies do they have?
If a person has Type A blood, which type of antibodies do they have?
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Which blood group is compatible for transfusion with Type AB blood?
Which blood group is compatible for transfusion with Type AB blood?
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How many blood group systems have been identified to date?
How many blood group systems have been identified to date?
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What type of antibodies does a person with Type B blood typically produce?
What type of antibodies does a person with Type B blood typically produce?
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What blood type is considered the universal donor for red blood cell transfusions?
What blood type is considered the universal donor for red blood cell transfusions?
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Which alleles in the ABO blood group system are considered dominant?
Which alleles in the ABO blood group system are considered dominant?
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What is the result of mixing blood from two incompatible blood types?
What is the result of mixing blood from two incompatible blood types?
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Which blood type can receive blood from all other blood types?
Which blood type can receive blood from all other blood types?
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What is the non-functional allele in the ABO blood group system?
What is the non-functional allele in the ABO blood group system?
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What component is NOT typically derived from donated blood?
What component is NOT typically derived from donated blood?
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What do agglutination and haemolysis in a blood transfusion indicate?
What do agglutination and haemolysis in a blood transfusion indicate?
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Which of the following genotypes corresponds to blood type AB?
Which of the following genotypes corresponds to blood type AB?
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What is the consequence of mixing incompatible blood groups?
What is the consequence of mixing incompatible blood groups?
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What is the purpose of RhoGam treatment administered to Rh- mothers?
What is the purpose of RhoGam treatment administered to Rh- mothers?
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How has the introduction of antenatal RhoGam impacted Rh- women?
How has the introduction of antenatal RhoGam impacted Rh- women?
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What does the presence of the Rh+ blood type indicate?
What does the presence of the Rh+ blood type indicate?
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What condition can arise when a Rh- mother gives birth to a Rh+ baby?
What condition can arise when a Rh- mother gives birth to a Rh+ baby?
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What is a common outcome for a newborn affected by hemolysis?
What is a common outcome for a newborn affected by hemolysis?
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What does the ABO blood group system depend on?
What does the ABO blood group system depend on?
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Which of the following statements about Rh- individuals is true?
Which of the following statements about Rh- individuals is true?
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What is the most important antigen in the Rhesus system?
What is the most important antigen in the Rhesus system?
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Which statement is true about a Rhesus positive person?
Which statement is true about a Rhesus positive person?
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What occurs when a Rhesus negative person receives Rhesus positive blood?
What occurs when a Rhesus negative person receives Rhesus positive blood?
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What is a common consequence of Rhesus incompatibility during pregnancy?
What is a common consequence of Rhesus incompatibility during pregnancy?
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How do anti-D antibodies affect subsequent pregnancies?
How do anti-D antibodies affect subsequent pregnancies?
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What percentage of white people are Rhesus negative?
What percentage of white people are Rhesus negative?
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What type of antibodies are produced by a Rhesus negative mother during incompatibility?
What type of antibodies are produced by a Rhesus negative mother during incompatibility?
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During which event may the baby's erythrocytes enter the mother's system?
During which event may the baby's erythrocytes enter the mother's system?
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Study Notes
MD137 Haematology - Lecture 4: Blood Groups
- Blood groups are categorized by antigens on red blood cells, reacting with antibodies from other individuals.
- The ABO blood group system includes four types: A, B, AB, and O.
- The Rh blood group system is categorized as either positive or negative, based on the presence or absence of the D antigen.
- ABO system inheritance is determined by three alleles (A, B, and O). A and B are dominant, O is recessive.
- Individuals with type A blood have anti-B antibodies, type B blood has anti-A antibodies, Type AB blood has neither, and type O blood has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
- Blood transfusions involving incompatible blood types can lead to agglutination (clumping) of red blood cells and potential haemolysis (destruction of red blood cells).
- 36 blood group systems are identified currently, with ABO and Rhesus being clinically important.
- The ABO system contains 2 main antigens: A and B.
- The Rhesus (Rh) system has 50 antigens, with D being the most clinically significant.
- Individuals with RhD+ carry the D antigen and are Rh positive.
- Individuals with RhD- lack the D antigen and are Rh negative; they generally do not produce anti-D antibodies unless exposed to Rh+ blood.
- Anti-D antibodies are produced when an Rh- individual receives Rh+ blood. Also when an Rh- mother carries an Rh+ fetus.
- Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN) occurs during pregnancy when the Rh- mother has an Rh+ fetus.
- HDN can result from an incompatibility between the mother's immune system and antigens on the fetal red blood cells.
- To prevent HDFN, RhoGAM is administered to prevent sensitization.
- RhoGAM (anti-D antibody) is administered prophylactically, to prevent potential immune responses in the mother during a pregnancy with an Rh+ fetus.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the essential concepts of blood groups, specifically the ABO and Rh systems. Learn about the classification based on antigens, inheritance patterns, and the implications for blood transfusions. Test your understanding of the compatibility and antibody interactions within these vital systems.
