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Questions and Answers
Which of the following is the correct structure of a virus?
Which of the following is the correct structure of a virus?
How many groups of viruses are there based on their genetic material?
How many groups of viruses are there based on their genetic material?
Which component is part of the viral envelope?
Which component is part of the viral envelope?
In what unit is the size of a virus typically measured?
In what unit is the size of a virus typically measured?
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What are the common shapes of viruses?
What are the common shapes of viruses?
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During latency, what is the activity state of virus multiplication?
During latency, what is the activity state of virus multiplication?
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Which virus is the vaccine for Variola created from?
Which virus is the vaccine for Variola created from?
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What method is used to characterize infection through the Cytopathic Effect (CPE)?
What method is used to characterize infection through the Cytopathic Effect (CPE)?
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Where does Herpes simplex-1 induce lesions?
Where does Herpes simplex-1 induce lesions?
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How is Herpes simplex 1 transmitted?
How is Herpes simplex 1 transmitted?
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What type of lesion characterizes Herpes simplex 1 and 2 infections?
What type of lesion characterizes Herpes simplex 1 and 2 infections?
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Which type of herpes causes lesions in new bone?
Which type of herpes causes lesions in new bone?
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In whom does Herpes simplex infection lead to severe complications?
In whom does Herpes simplex infection lead to severe complications?
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Where is the latency location for HSV-1?
Where is the latency location for HSV-1?
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What is Varicella zoster?
What is Varicella zoster?
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What does Cytomegalovirus (CMV) sero-prevalence in the world amount to?
What does Cytomegalovirus (CMV) sero-prevalence in the world amount to?
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Study Notes
Virus Structure
- A virus consists of a protein coat (capsid) surrounding a core of genetic material (DNA or RNA).
Types of Viruses
- There are two main groups of viruses based on their genetic material: DNA viruses and RNA viruses.
Viral Envelope
- The viral envelope is a lipid bilayer derived from the host cell membrane, and it contains viral glycoproteins.
Size of Viruses
- The size of a virus is typically measured in nanometers (nm).
Shapes of Viruses
- Viruses can have various shapes, including helical, icosahedral, complex, and enveloped shapes.
Latency
- During latency, virus multiplication is inactive.
Smallpox Vaccine
- The vaccine for Variola (smallpox) was created from the Cowpox virus.
Cytopathic Effect (CPE)
- The Cytopathic Effect (CPE) is used to characterize infection by observing the changes in host cells in a laboratory culture.
Herpes Simplex-1
- Herpes simplex-1 induces lesions on the face and mouth.
- Herpes simplex-1 is transmitted through skin-to-skin contact.
- Herpes simplex-1 infections are characterized by vesicular lesions.
- Latency location for HSV-1 is in the trigeminal ganglia.
Herpes Simplex-2
- Herpes simplex-2 causes lesions in the genital and anal areas.
Complications
- Herpes simplex infection leads to severe complications in immunocompromised individuals, such as HIV patients and organ transplant recipients.
Varicella Zoster
- Varicella zoster is the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) sero-prevalence in the world amounts to around 80-100%.
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