MCA 101 Programming in C with Data Structures

MCA 101 Programming in C with Data Structures

• Unit I: Fundamentals of C Programming cover data types, identifiers, keywords, operators, expressions, preprocessor directives, input/output functions, casting, precedence, scope of variables, control constructs (loops and conditional statements), iteration constructs, and functions. Includes defining, accessing, and passing arguments, function prototypes, and recursion. Also covers storage classes.

• Unit II: Arrays: Definition and processing, passing arrays to functions, multi-dimensional arrays, strings, string operations, pointers (pointer expressions, arithmetic, arrays of pointers, functions returning pointers, pointers to functions), memory allocation functions (malloc, calloc, free), structures, and unions. File handling and related functions are also discussed.

• Unit III: Data Structure Overview: Discusses the need for data structures, execution time, algorithm analysis (time and space complexity), and asymptotic analysis with notations. Covers stack and queue implementations (contiguous and linked), various operations (enqueue, dequeue, push, pop), postfix and prefix expressions, and their evaluation.

• Unit IV: General List: Linear and double linked lists; contiguous and linked implementations, circular linked lists, and operations are described.

• Unit V: Trees: Definitions of trees (height, depth, order, degree, parent/child relationships), binary trees, various theorems, complete and almost complete binary tree. Tree traversal (preorder, inorder, postorder), their recursive and non-recursive implementations, expression trees and their evaluation, linked representation of binary trees, threaded binary trees, and forests. Includes heap definition.

MCA 102 Statistical Mathematics

• Unit I: Matrices: Rank of a matrix, consistent system of linear equations, solutions of matrix equations, row reduced echelon form, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, properties, and Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Inverse of a matrix.

• Unit II: Calculus: Functions of a single variable (limit, continuity, differentiability), mean value theorems, indeterminate forms, L'Hospital's rule, maxima and minima, product and chain rule, Beta and gamma functions, functions of multiple variables, limit, continuity, and partial derivatives.

• Unit III: Hypothesis Testing: Sampling distributions, tests based on small and large samples (Normal, Student's t, Chi-square, and F distributions), testing of mean, variance, proportions, and differences of these, testing for independence of attributes, and goodness of fit.

• Unit IV: Probability and Probability Distribution: Probability axioms, conditional probability, addition and multiplication laws of probability, probability mass functions, probability density functions, binomial, Poisson, and normal distributions, their properties.

• Unit V: Discrete Math: Sets, subsets, power sets, counting functions, countability, induction, proof by contradiction, propositional logic, basic data structures (stacks, queues, graphs, arrays, hash tables, trees), graph properties (connected components, degree, maximum flow/minimum cut), graph coloring.

MCA 103 Operating System and Architecture

• Unit I: Register Transfer Language and Micro-operations: Concept of bus, data movement among registers, conditional data transfer, arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) and control unit design, timing in register transfer, architecture of a simple processor, instruction sets, instruction formats, addressing modes, instruction cycle, interrupt cycle, interrupt handling and simple input/output, synchronous and asynchronous data transfer (program controlled, interrupt-driven, DMA), processor implementation using building blocks, and pin diagrams of 8086 and 8086 architecture.

• Unit II: Operating Systems Introduction: Evolution of operating systems, types (multitasking, timesharing, multithreading, multiprogramming, real-time), different views (system programmer's, user's), operating system concepts and structure (layered and monolithic), processes, process control block, operating system services for process management, scheduling algorithms (FCFS, RR, SRTF, multilevel feedback queues), and performance evaluation.

• Unit III: Memory Management: Memory management without swapping or paging, concepts of swapping and paging, page replacement algorithms (LRU, OPTIMAL, FIFO, CLOCK), Belady's anomaly, segmentation, segmented paging, paged segmentation, design issues for paging system.

• Unit IV: Inter-process Communication and Synchronization: Need for inter-process synchronization, concept of mutual exclusion, binary and counting semaphores, hardware support for mutual exclusion, queuing implementation of semaphores, classical problems (dining philosophers, bounded buffer, readers/writers), critical section, critical region, conditional critical region, monitors, messages, deadlocks (detection, prevention, avoidance, Banker's algorithm).

• Unit V: File System: File systems, directories, file system implementation, security, input/output (I/O): principles of I/O hardware, I/O devices, device controllers, direct memory access (DMA), I/O software (goals, interrupt handlers, device drivers, device-independent I/O, user-space I/O), disks, and disk scheduling.

MCA 104 Information Technology

• Unit I: Modern Communication and Technology: Introduction to CDMA, WLL, GSM, VoIP, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, communication technologies (2G, 3G, 4G, 5G), communication over radio, microwave, satellite, radar, fiber optics, ISDN, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) components (hardware, software, data, people, methods), working, and applications.

• Unit II: Information Security: Introduction to malicious programs, cryptography, digital signatures, firewalls, user identification and authentication, security awareness and policies, application areas requiring security, mobile commerce, mobile commerce growth, success stories, technologies, and digital marketing.

• Unit III: Artificial Intelligence: Introduction to AI branches like machine learning, neural networks, robotics, natural language processing, expert systems, and fuzzy logic; applications of different AI branches. General AI application.

• Unit IV: Introduction to IoT: Characteristics of IoT, physical and logical design, functional blocks, home automation, industry applications, surveillance, and other IoT applications; introduction to Virtual Reality (VR) and definition, application of VR, smart systems, and embedded systems.

• Unit V: Computing and Cloud Computing: History of centralized and distributed computing; cloud computing overview (distributed computing, cluster computing, grid computing), cloud issues, challenges, properties, characteristics, service and deployment models, cloud resources (network, API, virtual and physical resources), and data storage.

MCA 105 Communication Skills

• Unit I: Listening: Listening barriers, approaches to improving listening skills, exercises, speaking (paralanguage: sounds, stress, intonation, Art of conversation), presentation skills, public speaking, and expressing techniques.

• Unit II: Reading: Types of reading, causes of reading difficulties, reading strategies, exercises, effective writing, paragraph writing, essay writing, reports, letters, articles, notices, agenda, minutes.

• Unit III: Communication: Communication modes, barriers, interpersonal skills, negotiation skills, and nonverbal communication etiquette.

• Unit IV: Group Dynamics: Group discussion, team building, teamwork, managing as a leader or team member, decision-making, creativity, time management, and stress management.

• Unit V: Interview Skills: Different interview types, interview preparation, CV preparation, structuring an interview, mock interviews, and quick tips.

MCA 106 C and DS Lab

• C Programming Programming using control structures (if-else, switch), iterative structures (for, while), array manipulation, string manipulation, program using structures, stack implementation, stack using linked lists, converting infix to postfix expression using linked lists, queue using pointers, linked list using arrays, linked list using pointers, dynamic memory allocation operator programming, file handling, and tree programming.

MCA 107 Operating System Lab

• Operating Systems Lab: CPU scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF, Round Robin, Priority), file allocation strategies (sequential, indexed, linked), contiguous memory allocation (worst-fit, best-fit, first-fit), deadlock management, disk scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SCAN, C-SCAN), page replacement algorithms (FIFO, LRU, LFU), producer-consumer problem using semaphores, and simulating the dining philosophers problem.

This quiz covers foundational concepts in C programming, including data types, control constructs, and functions. It also explores arrays, pointers, memory allocation, and essential data structures. Test your knowledge on these critical programming topics!