Matter Classification: Pure vs. Impure Substances

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic property of pure substances?

  • Inseparable by physical means
  • Variable density (correct)
  • Consistent boiling point
  • Definite composition

Elements can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical reactions.

False (B)

What property of metals describes their ability to be drawn into wires?

Ductility

Matter is classified into two main types: _______ and impure.

<p>pure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of matter with their descriptions:

<p>Element = Basic substance that cannot be broken down chemically Compound = Substance made of two or more elements chemically combined Homogeneous Mixture = Uniform mixture with no visible boundaries Heterogeneous Mixture = Non-uniform mixture with visible boundaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the fixed proportion of elements crucial in the formation of a compound?

<p>It defines the compound and its properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A scientist discovers a new substance that is lustrous, conducts electricity, and is easily shaped into different forms. However, when struck, it produces a dull thud rather than a ringing sound. Based on these properties, the substance is MOST likely a highly impure form of:

<p>A typical metal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a cup of sugar is added to water and stirred until it completely dissolves, the resulting substance is an example of a homogenous mixture because the sugar spreads evenly throughout the water, and the boundaries between the sugar and water are not visible. However, if one were to add an additional 5 kilograms of sugar to the same amount of water, and found that much of the sugar refuses to dissolve, and instead settles at the bottom of the container, the resulting container can still be described as a homogenous mixture. Is this true?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a heterogeneous mixture?

<p>Components are not uniformly mixed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Compounds can be separated by physical means.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a homogeneous mixture?

<p>solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The component present in a smaller quantity in a solution is called the ______.

<p>solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used to calculate mass by volume percentage?

<p>$(Mass \space of \space Solute / Volume \space of \space Solution) * 100$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 40g of KCl is dissolved in 200g of water, what is the concentration of the solution?

<p>16.67% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Increasing the temperature always decreases the solubility of a solute in a solvent..

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a suspension?

<p>Particles dissolve completely. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Tyndall Effect, and which type of mixture exhibits it?

<p>The Tyndall Effect is the scattering of light by particles in a colloid or fine suspension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the underlying principle behind how increased kinetic energy, resulting from higher temperatures, enhances the solubility of most solids in liquids. What best articulates this phenomenon's relation to Le Chatelier's Principle, especially when considering the dissolution of an endothermic solid?

<p>Increased thermal agitation disrupts solute-solute interactions, favoring increased dispersion, which directly parallels the system shifting to alleviate thermal stress as predicted by Le Chatelier's Principle for endothermic processes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Pure Substances

Substances with only one type of atom or molecule.

Elements

Basic forms of matter that can't be broken down chemically.

Metals

Elements that conduct heat and electricity with a shiny appearance.

Nonmetals

Elements that are poor conductors, lacking luster and malleability.

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Metalloids

Elements with properties between metals and nonmetals.

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Compounds

Substances with two or more elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

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Mixtures

Impure substances mixed in any proportion without chemical change.

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Homogeneous Mixtures

A mixture with uniformly mixed components and no visible boundaries.

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Heterogeneous Mixture

Components are not uniformly mixed, can be seen, and can be separated by physical means.

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Alloys

Mixtures of two or more metals retaining the properties of their constituent elements with no fixed proportion.

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Solution

A homogeneous mixture with small particle sizes consisting of a solute and a solvent.

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Solute

Component present in a smaller quantity that dissolves in the solvent.

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Solvent

Component present in a larger quantity that dissolves the solute.

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Solubility

The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature.

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Tyndall Effect

The scattering of a beam of light by colloidal particles, showing their presence.

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