Questions and Answers
What are pure substances made up of?
Pure substances can be either:
What is an element?
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into any simpler substance by chemical means.
What is a compound?
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What are mixtures?
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What are the three types of mixtures?
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A heterogeneous mixture is one where you can see the different parts.
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A homogeneous mixture has visibly different components.
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Give an example of a mechanical mixture.
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What are suspensions?
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What characterizes solutions?
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All matter can be classified as either a pure substance or a mixture.
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Study Notes
Pure Substances
- Composed of only one kind of matter without any mix.
- Can be categorized as elements or compounds.
Elements
- Defined as substances that cannot be chemically broken down into simpler substances.
- Consist of only one type of atom.
- Examples include iron (Fe) and silver (Ag).
Compounds
- Formed from two or more elements that are chemically combined.
- Represented by chemical formulas; for example, water (H₂O) consists of hydrogen and oxygen, while sugar (C₁₂H₂₁O₁₁) contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Classified as pure substances.
Mixtures
- Combinations of pure substances that do not chemically bond.
- Three types of mixtures exist, distinguished by visibility of components.
Types of Mixtures
- Mechanical Mixtures: Can physically see the different substances within the mixture, examples include soil and chocolate chip cookies.
- Suspensions: Cloudy mixtures where tiny particles of one substance are held within another liquid. Examples include tomato juice and shaken salad dressing, classified as heterogeneous mixtures.
- Solutions: Mixtures where the components are not visible and one substance is dissolved into another, resulting in a homogeneous mixture. Examples include tea, sugar in coffee, and vinegar (acetic acid in water).
Mixture Classifications
- Mixtures can be heterogeneous, where different parts are visible, or homogeneous, where all parts appear uniform.
- "Hetero" indicates difference, while "homo" indicates sameness in appearance.
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Test your knowledge on pure substances and mixtures with these flashcards. Explore definitions, types of matter, and the distinction between elements and compounds. Ideal for students learning the fundamentals of chemistry.
