Matter, Atoms, and Ions

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Questions and Answers

If an atom gains an electron, what type of ion does it become?

An isotope, with an altered atomic mass
A cation, with a positive charge
A neutron, with no charge
An anion, with a negative charge (correct)

Which subatomic particles contribute significantly to the mass of an atom?

Neutrons and electrons
Protons only
Electrons only
Protons and neutrons (correct)

What distinguishes an element from a chemical compound?

Elements have mass, while compounds do not
Elements are formed through chemical reactions, whereas compounds are naturally occurring
Elements cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means, whereas chemical compounds can (correct)
Elements occupy space, while compounds do not

In a solution, if a substance dissociates into free ions, what is this substance referred to as?

<p>An electrolyte (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a neutral atom that loses two electrons. What is the resulting charge of the ion?

<p>2+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space, existing as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Chemical compound

A substance formed when elements combine chemically.

Atom

The smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.

Atomic nucleus

The central part of an atom, containing protons and neutrons.

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Ions

Atoms, molecules, or particles with an electrical charge due to electron gain (anions -) or electron loss (cations +).

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Study Notes

Matter occupies space, has mass, and exists as a solid, liquid, or gas.
Matter is composed of elements.
Chemical compounds are combinations of elements.
Atoms are the smallest particles of an element.
The atomic nucleus contains protons and neutrons.
Protons are positively charged particles located in the nucleus.
Neutrons are particles without charge located in the nucleus.
Electrons are negatively charged particles.
Ions are electrically charged atoms, molecules, or particles.
Cations
- Form due to electron loss and have a positive charge (+).
Anions
- Form due to electron gain and have a negative charge (–).
Electrolyte
- Free ions present in a solvent.

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Description

This lesson covers the fundamental concepts of matter, including its states and composition. It discusses elements, compounds, and the structure of atoms, focusing on protons, neutrons, and electrons. The lesson also explains the formation of ions—cations and anions—and introduces the concept of electrolytes.