Maternal Health and Complications

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Questions and Answers

What percentage of maternal deaths and near-misses are caused by indirect causes of maternal morbidity and mortality?

25% (correct)

15%

10%

30%

What is the primary goal of antenatal care according to the WHO?

To promote a positive pregnancy experience (correct)

To reduce maternal mortality and morbidity

To manage concurrent diseases

To identify high-risk pregnancies

Who typically conducts risk assessments in Hungary?

Maternal health nurse

Obstetrician (correct)

Pediatrician

Primary care physician

What is NOT a component of a positive pregnancy experience?

Planning for contraceptive use after delivery Signup and view all the answers

What is an important opportunity provided by antenatal care?

Preventing and managing concurrent diseases Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of antenatal care in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality?

It enables the detection and treatment of complications Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of preconception counseling?

To identify and address risks before pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an important component of antenatal care?

Health education and promotion Signup and view all the answers

What is a topic that should be discussed during preconception counseling?

Chronic disease management Signup and view all the answers

Why is folic acid intake important during preconception counseling?

To promote healthy fetal development Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk that should be assessed during preconception counseling?

Genetic disorders and carrier status Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of risk assessment during preconception counseling?

To evaluate overall wellbeing and medical history Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that increase the risk of pregnancy?

Maternal age above 40 years or below 18 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 11-13th week antenatal checkup?

To perform lab tests such as CBC, urinalysis, and biochemical markers Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the health visitor during pregnancy?

To provide emotional support and prepare the family for the newborn's arrival Signup and view all the answers

What is the frequency of antenatal checkups from the 36th week of pregnancy?

Weekly Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the 24-28th week oral glucose tolerance test?

To diagnose gestational diabetes Signup and view all the answers

What type of antenatal care is provided in cases of high-risk pregnancy?

Obstetrician-led Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Antenatal Care and Its Importance

Antenatal care can reduce maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality through detection and treatment of pregnancy-related complications.
It also identifies women and girls at increased risk of developing complications during labor and delivery, ensuring referral to appropriate care.

Positive Pregnancy Experience

A positive pregnancy experience is defined as maintaining physical and sociocultural normality, a healthy pregnancy, effective transition to positive labor and birth, and achieving positive motherhood.
Positive motherhood includes maternal self-esteem, competence, and autonomy.

Preconception Counseling

Targeted at the mother, father, and family, preconception counseling can reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality.
It includes early health promotion, risk assessment, and education to guide families in identifying risks and addressing them before pregnancy.
Risk assessment includes evaluation of overall wellbeing, medical history, surgical risks, social and behavioral risks, medication risks, occupational risks, education risks, and other barriers to fertility or pregnancy.

Important Items to Discuss During Preconception Counseling

Management of chronic disease
Genetic disorders and carrier status
Folic acid intake
Short interval pregnancy
Smoking cessation, alcohol and substance use
Obesity and underweight
Toxin exposure
Environmental exposures
Medication exposures
Diabetes management
Infectious diseases management (Hepatitis B, HIV, Tetanus, MMR)

Antenatal Care Components

Risk prevention and management of pregnancy-related complications
Identification and management of concurrent diseases
Health education and promotion

High-Risk Pregnancy

Maternal age (above 40 years or below 18 years)
Medical or social condition of the pregnant woman
Medical condition of the fetus
Mother refusing antenatal care or certain checkups

Hungarian Model of Antenatal Care

GP (optional)
Health visitor (district)
Midwife or obstetrician (optional)
Health visitor's tasks during pregnancy:
- Monthly check-ups of the pregnant woman
- Social environment assessment
- Close follow-up of the health condition and emotional state of the pregnant woman
- Preparation of the pregnant woman and future father for labor and delivery
- Promotion of breast-feeding
- Preparing the family for the newborn's arrival

Medical Checkups During Pregnancy

11-13th week: weight, blood pressure, lab tests (CBC, urinalysis, biochemical markers, hepatitis B, syphilis, and blood group determination)
12th week: US (nuchal fold)
18-20th week: US
20-22th week: fetal heart US
24-28th week: oral glucose tolerance test for gestational diabetes, CBC, urinalysis
30-32th week: US
36-37th week: lab tests (CBC, urinalysis)
From the 36th week: weekly check-ups for embryonal heart sound, maternal blood pressure, and body weight

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Description

This quiz assesses knowledge on antenatal care, pregnancy complications, and maternal morbidity and mortality. It covers the identification of women at risk and referral to appropriate care, as well as indirect causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.