30 Questions
What is one advantage of aluminium compared to steel?
It has better corrosion resistance
What is a typical use of aluminium mentioned in the text?
Ferrules for wire rope eyes
What can the presence of impurities or additional elements in alloy steel lead to?
Strain age embrittlement
What can oxides in finished steel produce, according to the text?
Strain age embrittlement
What does 'killed steel' refer to in the text?
Steel free from strain age embrittlement
Which element added to steel attracts oxygen and helps de-oxidise it?
Manganese
What is the traditional form of textile sling whose origins are recorded in the earliest history of lifting equipment?
Fibre rope slings
Which of the following natural fibres is NOT commonly used for rope slings?
Nylon
What is the purpose of heat treatment on a piece of steel that has been worked?
To relieve stresses and return the grains to their original shape
What is the definition of heat treatment?
Any thermal treatment that alters the physical and chemical properties of a material
Which of the following is NOT a reason why the use of fibre rope slings has declined in recent years?
Fibre rope slings are still found in general use throughout industry
How are fibre rope slings typically produced?
By cutting lengths of rope and hand splicing them
Which property describes a material's ability to resist being pulled apart?
Tensile strength
What property is the opposite of brittleness?
Toughness
Which property describes a material's ability to deform under compressive stress?
Malleability
Which property is essential for materials used in lifting equipment to resist shock loads?
Ductility
What property is important for materials used in components that experience wear?
Hardness
Which of the following is NOT a desirable property for materials used in lifting equipment manufacturing?
Brittleness
What is the typical carbon content range for higher tensile steel?
0.25% - 0.33%
Which type of steel is considered unsuitable for use in the manufacture of lifting gear?
Low carbon steel
What is the key difference between mild steel and higher tensile steel?
Higher tensile steel is one-third stronger
What is the typical use of high tensile steel in lifting equipment?
High tensile steel has limited use in lifting equipment
How can you identify mild steel?
It has no grade mark at all
What is the purpose of adding other elements to steel?
To change the properties of the metal
What is the primary purpose of alloying steel with other metals?
To improve its mechanical properties
Which of the following statements about alloys is true?
Alloys contain atoms of different sizes, resulting in a stiffer molecular structure
Which of the following alloys is primarily used for its electrical conductivity?
Copper and its alloys
What is the primary advantage of using Monel Metal in certain applications?
It has good mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance
Which of the following alloys is made by combining copper and tin?
Bronze
What is the primary disadvantage of using Monel Metal in certain applications?
It is very expensive to weld
Study Notes
Steel and Aluminium Comparison
- One advantage of aluminium compared to steel is its unique properties.
Steel Properties and Uses
- Alloy steel with impurities or additional elements can lead to changes in its properties.
- Oxides in finished steel can produce scale or rust.
- 'Killed steel' refers to steel that has been de-oxidised to remove oxygen.
- Aluminium is added to steel to attract oxygen and help de-oxidise it.
- Heat treatment is used to relieve internal stresses in a piece of steel that has been worked.
- Heat treatment is defined as a process involving heating and cooling to achieve desired properties.
Textile Slings
- The traditional form of textile sling is the rope sling, with origins recorded in the earliest history of lifting equipment.
- Sisal is not commonly used for rope slings.
- Fibre rope slings are typically produced by braiding or twisting natural fibres.
- The property of tenacity describes a material's ability to resist being pulled apart.
- Ductility is the opposite of brittleness.
- Compressibility describes a material's ability to deform under compressive stress.
- Toughness is essential for materials used in lifting equipment to resist shock loads.
- Hardness is important for materials used in components that experience wear.
- Brittleness is not a desirable property for materials used in lifting equipment manufacturing.
Steel Types and Properties
- Higher tensile steel has a typical carbon content range of 0.5-1.5%.
- Mild steel is considered unsuitable for use in the manufacture of lifting gear.
- The key difference between mild steel and higher tensile steel is the carbon content.
- High tensile steel is typically used in lifting equipment for its strength and durability.
- Mild steel can be identified by its lower carbon content and lower strength.
- Adding other elements to steel can alter its properties and make it more suitable for specific applications.
- The primary purpose of alloying steel with other metals is to enhance its properties.
- Alloys are true metals with a combination of elements.
- Cupronickel is primarily used for its electrical conductivity.
- Monel Metal has the primary advantage of being corrosion-resistant.
- Bronze is made by combining copper and tin.
- The primary disadvantage of using Monel Metal in certain applications is its high cost.
Learn about the materials used in the manufacture of lifting equipment, including their strength, shock load resistance, hardness, workability, weldability, and corrosion resistance. Explore the importance of chemical and physical properties in selecting materials for lifting equipment.
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