Matching Chemistry Concepts

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Questions and Answers

Match the thermodynamic quantity with its correct definition:

Enthalpy (H) = A measure of the total heat content of a system, defined as $H = U + PV$ Entropy (S) = A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system. Gibbs Free Energy (G) = A measure of the spontaneity of a process at constant temperature and pressure, defined as $G = H - TS$ Internal Energy (U) = The total energy contained within a thermodynamic system.

Match each physical property with its correct type:

Density = Intensive property Volume = Extensive property Temperature = Intensive property Mass = Extensive property

Match the chemical concept with its description:

Reactants = Substances that undergo change in a chemical reaction. Products = Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction. Catalyst = Substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed. Equilibrium = State where forward and reverse reaction rates are equal.

Match each state of matter with its characteristic property:

Solid = Definite shape and volume Liquid = Definite volume but takes the shape of its container Gas = No definite shape or volume Plasma = Ionized gas at high temperature Signup and view all the answers

Match the rate law component with its correct meaning:

Rate constant (k) = Proportionality constant in the rate law. Reaction order = Describes how rate is affected by reactant concentrations. Activation energy (Ea) = Energy required for a reaction to occur. Rate Law = Expresses relationship between reaction rate and reactant concentrations Signup and view all the answers

Match the quantum number with its described property:

Principal quantum number (n) = Energy level of an electron. Angular momentum quantum number (l) = Shape of an atomic orbital. Magnetic quantum number (ml) = Orientation of an atomic orbital in space. Spin quantum number (ms) = Spin of an electron (+1/2 or -1/2). Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its formula:

Enthalpy (H) = $H = U + PV$ Gibbs Free Energy (G) = $G = H - TS$ Arrhenius Equation (k) = $k = Ae^{-E_a/RT}$ Change in Internal Energy (ΔU) = $ΔU = q + w$ Signup and view all the answers

Match the concept with its application:

Thermodynamics = Predicting spontaneity of reactions Chemical Kinetics = Studying reaction rates Quantum Mechanics = Describing atomic behavior Statistical Mechanics = Connecting microscopic to macroscopic properties Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of mixture with its definition:

Homogeneous mixture = Uniform composition throughout Heterogeneous mixture = Non-uniform composition Pure substance = Fixed composition and distinct properties Compound = Substance composed of two or more elements chemically combined Signup and view all the answers

Match the process with its correct enthalpy change:

Exothermic process = $ΔH < 0$ Endothermic process = $ΔH > 0$ Spontaneous process = $ΔG < 0$ Non-spontaneous process = $ΔG > 0$ Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

What are physical properties?

Properties observed/measured without changing the substance's composition (e.g., color, density).

What are chemical properties?

Properties describing how a substance reacts/changes into new substances (e.g., flammability, reactivity).

What are elements?

Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means (e.g., gold, oxygen).