Chemistry: Matter & Chemical Properties
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Questions and Answers

What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

What is mass?

The amount of matter in an object.

What is magnetism?

Properties of attraction to a magnet.

What is the state of matter?

<p>The phase of matter of a substance: solid, liquid, or gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is density?

<p>The mass per unit volume of a substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is solubility?

<p>The ability to dissolve in another substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is thermal energy?

<p>Energy that causes a change in temperature between materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is electrical energy?

<p>The energy of electric charges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an insulator?

<p>A material that slows down or stops the flow of electric current or heat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is volume?

<p>The amount of space an object takes up.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a conductor?

<p>A material that allows heat and electricity to pass through it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an extensive property?

<p>A property that depends on the amount of matter in a sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an intensive property?

<p>A physical property that remains the same no matter how much of a substance is present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is compressibility?

<p>A measure of how much the volume of matter decreases under pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is molecular structure?

<p>The three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in a molecule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is melting point?

<p>The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is ductility?

<p>The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical property?

<p>A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical property?

<p>A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a physical change?

<p>A change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical change?

<p>A change in matter that produces one or more new substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a solid?

<p>A state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a liquid?

<p>A state of matter that has no definite shape but has a definite volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a gas?

<p>A state of matter with no definite shape or volume.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a precipitate?

<p>A new solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction and falls to the bottom of the reaction container.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is luster?

<p>The property describing how a substance reflects light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is malleability?

<p>The ability of a substance to be hammered or rolled into sheets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a homogeneous mixture?

<p>A mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

<p>A mixture that is not uniform in composition; components are not evenly distributed throughout the mixture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is condensation?

<p>The change of state from a gas to a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is evaporation?

<p>The change of state from a liquid to a gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the freezing point?

<p>The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a solution?

<p>A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a pure substance?

<p>A substance made of only one kind of matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mixture?

<p>Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Matter and Its Properties

  • Matter is anything that possesses mass and occupies space, categorized into pure substances and mixtures.
  • Mass refers to the amount of matter contained in an object.
  • States of matter include solid, liquid, and gas, which define the phase of a substance.

Chemical and Physical Properties

  • Magnetism describes a material's ability to attract or be attracted by a magnet.
  • Density is the mass per unit volume, indicating how tightly matter is packed together.
  • Solubility is the capacity of a substance to dissolve in another substance, a common physical property.
  • Thermal energy refers to energy that leads to changes in temperature between materials, impacting states of matter.
  • Electrical energy involves the energy associated with electric charges, essential in many technological applications.
  • Insulators hinder the flow of electric current or heat, while conductors facilitate it.

Characteristics of Properties

  • Extensive properties, such as mass and volume, depend on the quantity of matter in a sample.
  • Intensive properties, like density and melting point, remain unchanged regardless of the amount of substance present.
  • Compressibility measures how much the volume of matter can decrease under applied pressure.

Changes in Matter

  • Physical properties can be observed without altering the substance's identity (e.g., color, luster).
  • Chemical properties involve a substance's ability to undergo chemical changes, forming new substances.
  • Physical changes do not result in a new substance, while chemical changes produce one or more new substances.

States and Changes of Matter

  • Solids have a definite shape and volume; liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container; gases have neither definite shape nor volume.
  • Melting point is the temperature at which solids turn into liquids; freezing point is the temperature at which liquids solidify.
  • Evaporation is the transition from liquid to gas, whereas condensation refers to gas changing to liquid.

Mixtures and Solutions

  • Homogeneous mixtures have a uniform composition throughout, while heterogeneous mixtures show uneven distribution of components.
  • A solution is a specific type of homogeneous mixture containing two or more substances.
  • Pure substances are comprised of only one type of matter, possessing fixed properties that distinguish them from mixtures.

Additional Properties of Materials

  • Ductility refers to a material's ability to be drawn into wires.
  • Malleability is the ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
  • Luster indicates how a substance reflects light, an important property in materials like metals.
  • Precipitate describes a new solid that forms in a solution during a chemical reaction, sinking to the bottom of the container.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of matter and its chemical properties with these flashcards. From the definitions of mass to the states of matter and magnetism, this quiz covers key concepts crucial for understanding chemistry. Perfect for students learning about the basic building blocks of matter.

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