Questions and Answers
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and takes up space.
What is mass?
The amount of matter in an object.
What is magnetism?
Properties of attraction to a magnet.
What is the state of matter?
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What is density?
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What is solubility?
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What is thermal energy?
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What is electrical energy?
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What is an insulator?
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What is volume?
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What is a conductor?
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What is an extensive property?
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What is an intensive property?
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What is compressibility?
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What is molecular structure?
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What is melting point?
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What is ductility?
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What is a physical property?
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What is a chemical property?
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What is a physical change?
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What is a chemical change?
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What is a solid?
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What is a liquid?
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What is a gas?
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What is a precipitate?
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What is luster?
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What is malleability?
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What is a homogeneous mixture?
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What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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What is condensation?
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What is evaporation?
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What is the freezing point?
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What is a solution?
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What is a pure substance?
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What is a mixture?
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Study Notes
Matter and Its Properties
- Matter is anything that possesses mass and occupies space, categorized into pure substances and mixtures.
- Mass refers to the amount of matter contained in an object.
- States of matter include solid, liquid, and gas, which define the phase of a substance.
Chemical and Physical Properties
- Magnetism describes a material's ability to attract or be attracted by a magnet.
- Density is the mass per unit volume, indicating how tightly matter is packed together.
- Solubility is the capacity of a substance to dissolve in another substance, a common physical property.
- Thermal energy refers to energy that leads to changes in temperature between materials, impacting states of matter.
- Electrical energy involves the energy associated with electric charges, essential in many technological applications.
- Insulators hinder the flow of electric current or heat, while conductors facilitate it.
Characteristics of Properties
- Extensive properties, such as mass and volume, depend on the quantity of matter in a sample.
- Intensive properties, like density and melting point, remain unchanged regardless of the amount of substance present.
- Compressibility measures how much the volume of matter can decrease under applied pressure.
Changes in Matter
- Physical properties can be observed without altering the substance's identity (e.g., color, luster).
- Chemical properties involve a substance's ability to undergo chemical changes, forming new substances.
- Physical changes do not result in a new substance, while chemical changes produce one or more new substances.
States and Changes of Matter
- Solids have a definite shape and volume; liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container; gases have neither definite shape nor volume.
- Melting point is the temperature at which solids turn into liquids; freezing point is the temperature at which liquids solidify.
- Evaporation is the transition from liquid to gas, whereas condensation refers to gas changing to liquid.
Mixtures and Solutions
- Homogeneous mixtures have a uniform composition throughout, while heterogeneous mixtures show uneven distribution of components.
- A solution is a specific type of homogeneous mixture containing two or more substances.
- Pure substances are comprised of only one type of matter, possessing fixed properties that distinguish them from mixtures.
Additional Properties of Materials
- Ductility refers to a material's ability to be drawn into wires.
- Malleability is the ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets without breaking.
- Luster indicates how a substance reflects light, an important property in materials like metals.
- Precipitate describes a new solid that forms in a solution during a chemical reaction, sinking to the bottom of the container.
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Description
Explore the fundamentals of matter and its chemical properties with these flashcards. From the definitions of mass to the states of matter and magnetism, this quiz covers key concepts crucial for understanding chemistry. Perfect for students learning about the basic building blocks of matter.