Physiology IV
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is responsible for the movement of gas in the respiratory zone?

  • Pressure changes
  • Distances
  • Diffusion (correct)
  • Concentration gradients
  • Which structures occupy the majority of the lung volume?

  • Respiratory bronchioles
  • Lungs
  • Pulmonary microvasculature
  • Alveoli (correct)
  • Which muscles are involved in inspiration during the ventilatory process?

  • Scalenes and SCM
  • Diaphragm and SCM
  • Intercostals and scalenes
  • Intercostals and diaphragm (correct)
  • What happens to the intrathoracic pressure during inspiration?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the intrathoracic pressure during expiration?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the chest wall and diaphragm to the lungs?

    <p>Pleural cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pleural cavity?

    <p>Connects the chest wall to the alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lobe of the lung is located deep to the posterior thorax?

    <p>Inferior lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of pleural effusion?

    <p>Dullness to percussion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause pleural effusion?

    <p>Both cancer and infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure contains the vocal folds?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main site of gas exchange in the respiratory system?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the respiratory system is responsible for movement of gas driven by pressure gradients?

    <p>Conducting zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure lacks cartilage but is surrounded by smooth muscle?

    <p>Bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of skeletal muscles in respiration?

    <p>To change the volume of the thoracic cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure leads to the larynx and is known as the 'back of the nose and throat'?

    <p>Nasopharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the respiratory system is responsible for diffusion?

    <p>Regions of respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is a midline, non-paired conducting airway?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of bronchi in the respiratory system?

    <p>To conduct air to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is surrounded by smooth muscle and lacks cartilage?

    <p>Bronchioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by fluid in the pleural space, making it difficult to hear breath sounds and causing dullness to percussion?

    <p>Pleural effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the presence of 'gunk' in the airways and alveoli, leading to decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion?

    <p>Consolidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by 'fine crackles' that sound like rubbing hairs together close to your ears and are commonly associated with pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure?

    <p>Fine crackles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a high-pitched, musical sound on expiration that occurs when a small airway is narrowed or constricted?

    <p>Wheeze</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by a louder, harsher sound on inspiration and sometimes on expiration, indicating a narrowing or constriction of the upper airways?

    <p>Stridor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where the airspaces are filled with fluid, making it difficult to hear breath sounds and causing dullness to percussion?

    <p>Pulmonary edema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by 'gunk' collecting in the airways and alveoli, leading to coarse crackles and decreased breath sounds?

    <p>Pneumonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where the fluid is 'in the way' of auscultation and the echo from percussion, causing difficulty in hearing breath sounds and dullness to percussion?

    <p>Pleural effusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by fluid or secretions in the small airways, resulting in 'fine crackles' that sound like rubbing hairs together close to your ears?

    <p>Fine crackles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where a small airway 'snaps' open during some types of COPD, resulting in fine crackles?

    <p>Fine crackles</p> Signup and view all the answers

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