30 Questions
Which of the following is responsible for the movement of gas in the respiratory zone?
Diffusion
Which structures occupy the majority of the lung volume?
Alveoli
Which muscles are involved in inspiration during the ventilatory process?
Intercostals and diaphragm
What happens to the intrathoracic pressure during inspiration?
Decreases
What happens to the intrathoracic pressure during expiration?
Increases
What connects the chest wall and diaphragm to the lungs?
Pleural cavity
What is the function of the pleural cavity?
Connects the chest wall to the alveoli
Which lobe of the lung is located deep to the posterior thorax?
Inferior lobe
What is the consequence of pleural effusion?
Dullness to percussion
What can cause pleural effusion?
Both cancer and infection
Which structure contains the vocal folds?
Larynx
What is the main site of gas exchange in the respiratory system?
Alveoli
Which region of the respiratory system is responsible for movement of gas driven by pressure gradients?
Conducting zone
Which structure lacks cartilage but is surrounded by smooth muscle?
Bronchioles
What is the function of skeletal muscles in respiration?
To change the volume of the thoracic cavity
Which structure leads to the larynx and is known as the 'back of the nose and throat'?
Nasopharynx
Which region of the respiratory system is responsible for diffusion?
Regions of respiration
Which structure is a midline, non-paired conducting airway?
Trachea
What is the function of bronchi in the respiratory system?
To conduct air to the lungs
Which structure is surrounded by smooth muscle and lacks cartilage?
Bronchioles
Which condition is characterized by fluid in the pleural space, making it difficult to hear breath sounds and causing dullness to percussion?
Pleural effusion
What is the term for the presence of 'gunk' in the airways and alveoli, leading to decreased breath sounds and dullness to percussion?
Consolidation
Which condition is characterized by 'fine crackles' that sound like rubbing hairs together close to your ears and are commonly associated with pulmonary edema and congestive heart failure?
Fine crackles
What is the term for a high-pitched, musical sound on expiration that occurs when a small airway is narrowed or constricted?
Wheeze
Which condition is characterized by a louder, harsher sound on inspiration and sometimes on expiration, indicating a narrowing or constriction of the upper airways?
Stridor
What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where the airspaces are filled with fluid, making it difficult to hear breath sounds and causing dullness to percussion?
Pulmonary edema
Which condition is characterized by 'gunk' collecting in the airways and alveoli, leading to coarse crackles and decreased breath sounds?
Pneumonia
What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where the fluid is 'in the way' of auscultation and the echo from percussion, causing difficulty in hearing breath sounds and dullness to percussion?
Pleural effusion
Which condition is characterized by fluid or secretions in the small airways, resulting in 'fine crackles' that sound like rubbing hairs together close to your ears?
Fine crackles
What is the term for the consequence of pulmonary disease where a small airway 'snaps' open during some types of COPD, resulting in fine crackles?
Fine crackles
Test your knowledge of the fundamental physiological basis of the lung exam with this quiz. Explore topics such as lung anatomy, respiratory structures, muscles of respiration, basic respiratory physiology, ventilation mechanisms, and more. Put your understanding to the test and enhance your understanding of the respiratory physical exam.
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