137 Questions
What type of graft is used to replace the entire diseased segment in iliac artery aneurysms?
Bifurcated graft
In OAR, what is the purpose of aortic cross-clamping?
To temporarily stop blood flow
How long does it typically take to perform most resections in OAR?
30 to 45 minutes
What is the main risk postoperative in OAR?
Acute kidney injury
What type of aneurysms may be repaired by primary closure or patch graft?
Saccular aneurysms
When are the aortic clamps removed in OAR?
After blood flow is restored
Which of the following is NOT one of the 4 steps of Open aneurysm repair (OAR)?
Removing any thrombus or plaque
What is the purpose of a synthetic graft in Open aneurysm repair (OAR)?
To replace the diseased segment of the aorta
In Open aneurysm repair (OAR), what is the role of the native aortic wall?
To act as a protective cover around the graft
Which of the following is the first step in Open aneurysm repair (OAR)?
Cutting into the diseased aortic segment
What is the purpose of suturing a synthetic graft to the aorta proximal and distal to the aneurysm in OAR?
To act as a protective cover
What is the final step in Open aneurysm repair (OAR)?
Suturing the native aortic wall around the graft
Which of the following is a key eligibility criteria for minimally invasive endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR)?
Adequate iliofemoral vessels
What is the main advantage of EVAR over OAR?
Shorter hospital stay
What is the most common complication of AAA repair?
Endoleak
What is the purpose of coil embolization in AAA repair?
Hemostasis
What is the purpose of periodic imaging in patients undergoing EVAR?
Monitoring for endoleak
What is the most common material used for EVAR grafts?
Dacron
What is the purpose of flexible wire rings in EVAR grafts?
Supporting the graft
What is the main complication associated with OAR?
Paraplegia
What may cause endoleak in AAA repair?
Inadequate seal at graft ends
What is the purpose of graft insertion in EVAR?
Replacing the aneurysm
Which of the following is a potential complication of emergency repair of a ruptured AAA?
Intraabdominal hypertension
What is a sign of compartment syndrome in the context of AAA repair?
Pain that worsens with stretching
What does IAH (Intra-abdominal hypertension) reduce in the body?
Blood flow to the viscera
How is IAH confirmed?
By measuring intraabdominal pressure indirectly
What are the treatment goals for IAH?
Control of situations that lead to IAH
What are the interventions for IAH?
All of the above
What are some conservative measures used for IAH?
All of the above
How is IAH associated with abdominal compartment syndrome?
It impairs organ perfusion
What is the purpose of pain management in IAH treatment?
To relieve pain
Which of the following is a potential complication of emergency repair of a ruptured AAA?
Hypovolemic shock
What is a key sign of compartment syndrome?
Deep and constant pain
What is the purpose of monitoring the 6 P's in emergency repair of a ruptured AAA?
To identify potential complications
Which of the following interventions is NOT used for the treatment of IAH?
Temporary hemofiltration
What are the treatment goals for IAH?
Control of situations that lead to IAH
Which of the following is NOT a measure used in the conservative treatment of IAH?
Temporary hemofiltration
Interventions for IAH include ______, percutaneous drainage, and percutaneous drainage combined with a thrombolytic infusion.
open (surgical) decompression
Conservative measures for IAH include intubation, ventilation, patient positioning, gastric decompression, cautious fluid resuscitation, pain management, and temporary ______.
hemofiltration
Treatment goals for IAH include control of situations that lead to IAH and ______.
conservative measures
Which of the following is NOT a sign of aneurysm rupture?
Peripheral pules changes
What is the purpose of marking pedal pulse sites before surgery?
To ensure accurate postoperative assessment
What should the nurse pay special attention to in the patient's assessment for aortic aneurysms?
Neurologic status
Which of the following is a key component of nursing management for aortic aneurysms?
Assessing peripheral pulses
What is the purpose of establishing baseline data in nursing management for aortic aneurysms?
To compare with later assessments
Which of the following is a potential complication of aortic aneurysms?
Aneurysm rupture
Which of the following signs is NOT associated with aneurysm rupture?
Hypotension
Which of the following signs is NOT commonly associated with aneurysm rupture?
Altered level of consciousness
Which of the following signs is commonly associated with aneurysm rupture?
Pallor
Which of the following signs is NOT a sign of aneurysm rupture?
Hypotension
Which of the following signs should the nurse monitor for in a patient with aneurysm rupture?
Back pain
Which of the following signs is commonly associated with aneurysm rupture?
Diaphoresis
Which of the following signs is NOT associated with aneurysm rupture?
Pallor
Which of the following signs should the nurse monitor for in a patient with aneurysm rupture?
Periumbilical pain
Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize in the management of aortic aneurysms?
Monitoring peripheral pulses
What is the purpose of marking pedal pulse sites before aortic aneurysm surgery?
To ensure accurate postoperative assessment
What should the nurse establish before surgery to guide future assessments in aortic aneurysm management?
Baseline data
Which of the following assessments should the nurse pay special attention to in the management of aortic aneurysms?
Peripheral pulses and neurologic status
What should the nurse do before surgery in the management of aortic aneurysms?
Document any skin lesions
What is the purpose of establishing baseline data in nursing management for aortic aneurysms?
To compare with later assessments
Which position is recommended for a patient post op AAA surgery?
Semi fowlers position
What is the purpose of monitoring arterial blood pressure every 2-3 minutes until stable post op AAA surgery?
To evaluate for potential complications
Which medication is used for pain management post op AAA surgery?
Opioids
What should the nurse assess when checking pulses and the 6 P's post op AAA surgery?
Neurological status
Which layer of the arterial wall is involved in aortic dissection?
Media
Which type of aortic dissection affects the ascending aorta and arch, requiring emergency surgery?
Type A dissection
How is aortic dissection classified based on symptom onset?
Acute, subacute, chronic
Is aortic dissection considered a type of aneurysm?
No
Which of the following is a classification of aortic dissection based on symptom onset?
Acute aortic dissection
When does subacute aortic dissection occur?
Between 14 to 90 days
What is the classification of aortic dissection that occurs after 90 days of symptom onset?
Chronic aortic dissection
Which type of aortic dissection is more likely to present with pain in the back, abdomen, or legs?
Type B aortic dissection
What percentage of patients with an acute Type A aortic dissection report an abrupt onset of severe anterior chest or back pain?
80%
How may the pain associated with aortic dissection be described?
Sharp and worst ever
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature between dissection pain and MI pain?
Dissection pain follows the path of the dissection
Which of the following is more likely to be experienced by older patients with aortic dissection?
Hypotension
Which of the following emphasizes the importance of physical examination in diagnosing aortic dissection?
Painless aortic dissection
Which of the following is a characteristic of dissection pain compared to MI pain?
Dissection pain has a more gradual onset
Which of the following is a symptom of aortic arch dissection?
Weakened or absent carotid and temporal pulses
Which type of aortic dissection is more likely to cause disruption of blood flow in the coronary arteries and aortic valve insufficiency?
Type A aortic dissection
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of aortic arch dissection?
Abdominal organ dysfunction
In aortic dissection, if the aortic arch is involved, what symptom may the patient have?
Neurologic deficits
Which of the following is a potential symptom of aortic dissection in older patients?
Hypotension
What may be different between the left and right arms in aortic dissection involving the subclavian artery?
Radial, ulnar, and brachial pulse quality
As the aortic dissection progresses down the aorta, which areas may show evidence of decreased tissue perfusion?
Abdominal organs and lower extremities
Which of the following is the main cause of nontraumatic aortic dissection?
Weakened elastic fibers in the arterial wall
What is the consequence of a tear developing in the inner layer of the aorta in aortic dissection?
The inner layer separates from the outer layer of the aorta
What is the outcome when the blood-filled channel in aortic dissection ruptures through the outside aortic wall?
The aortic dissection becomes fatal
Which of the following is the most important risk factor for aortic dissection?
Hypertension
Which gender is at a higher risk for developing aortic dissection?
Men
What is the severe and life-threatening complication of an acute ascending aortic dissection called?
Cardiac tamponade
Which of the following organs may experience occlusion of blood supply due to aortic dissection?
Brain, kidneys, spinal cord, and extremities
What is the manifestation of tamponade associated with cardiac tamponade?
Hypotension, narrowed pulse pressure, jugular venous distention, muffled heart sounds, and pulsus paradoxus
What can happen to the false lumen in aortic dissection?
It ruptures
What is a potential complication of emergency repair of a ruptured AAA?
Hemorrhage
Which of the following is NOT a predisposing factor for aortic dissection?
Gender
What is the potential complication of an aorta weakened by dissection?
Aortic rupture
What is the potential complication of aortic dissection that can lead to renal failure?
Renal ischemia
Which diagnostic study is preferred in very unstable patients or those with contraindications to CT or MRI?
TEE
Which diagnostic study can provide more detailed information on the severity of the aortic dissection and related complications?
3-D CT scanning
Which diagnostic study may show a widening of the mediastinum and pleural effusion?
Chest x-ray
Which diagnostic study utilizes 3-D technology to visualize the aortic dissection?
3-D CT scanning
Which diagnostic study can help rule out cardiac ischemia?
ECG
Which diagnostic study is commonly used to detect aortic dissection and suspected aneurysms?
3-D CT scanning
Which diagnostic study is considered the gold standard for diagnosing aortic dissection?
3-D CT scanning
Which of the following is the initial goal of therapy for acute aortic dissection without complications?
All of the above
What is the target heart rate for acute aortic dissection management?
Under 60 beats/min
Which medication can be used to lower heart rate if a β-blocker is contraindicated?
Diltiazem
What is the purpose of HR and BP control in acute aortic dissection management?
To reduce aortic wall stress
What does morphine do in the management of acute aortic dissection?
Relieves pain
What is the role of supportive treatment in acute aortic dissection management?
To serve as a bridge to surgery
Which of the following is NOT a goal of therapy for acute aortic dissection without complications?
Surgical intervention
Which type of aortic dissection is typically treated conservatively without complications?
Chronic Type B aortic dissection
What is the treatment option for acute Type B aortic dissections with complications?
Endovascular dissection repair
Which procedure is similar to EVAR and has fewer postsurgical complications in the treatment of aortic dissection?
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair
What are the potential complications that TEVAR does not prevent in the treatment of aortic dissection?
Renal failure, paraplegia, and stroke
What may be inserted during Thoracic endovascular aortic repair to help decrease or prevent neurologic complications?
Lumbar spinal drain
What is the essential technique to prevent infection when using a lumbar drain during Thoracic endovascular aortic repair?
Strict aseptic technique
What is the treatment goal for chronic Type B aortic dissection with complications, such as peripheral ischemia?
Endovascular dissection repair
What is the purpose of surveillance imaging with CT or MRI in the conservative therapy of aortic dissection?
To detect complications
Which type of aortic dissection requires emergency surgery?
Type A aortic dissection
What is the mortality rate within 48 hours of symptom onset for surgical therapy in acute Type A aortic dissection?
50%
When is surgical therapy indicated in acute Type A aortic dissection?
When complications occur
What is the recommended treatment for patients with a chronic dissection and a connective tissue disorder or an aneurysm greater than 5.5 cm?
Open surgical repair
What is the purpose of delaying surgery in aortic dissection when possible?
To allow time for edema to decrease
What is involved in aortic dissection surgery?
Resection of the aortic segment with the intimal tear and replacement with a synthetic graft
What are some causes of death in aortic dissection?
Myocardial infarction, stroke, multiorgan failure
Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of aortic aneurysms?
Bleeding
What is the most important risk factor for aortic dissection?
High blood pressure
Which of the following is a potential complication of aortic dissection?
Distal ischemia
What is the purpose of periodic imaging in patients undergoing EVAR?
To assess graft migration
Which of the following is a symptom of aortic arch dissection?
Hematoma
What is the severe and life-threatening complication of an acute ascending aortic dissection called?
Rupture graft
What are some conservative measures used for Intrabdominal Hypertension (IAH)?
Catheter and transducer
Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize in the management of aortic aneurysms?
Site and distal pulses assessment
What is the outcome when the blood-filled channel in aortic dissection ruptures through the outside aortic wall?
Endo leak
Which diagnostic study may show a widening of the mediastinum and pleural effusion?
EVAR
Test your knowledge on Open Aneurysm Repair (OAR) and learn about the surgical procedure involved in treating aortic and iliac artery aneurysms. Explore the steps of the procedure, including incision, removal of thrombus or plaque, graft suturing, and more.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
