Mastering Epilepsy Diagnosis
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Questions and Answers

Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

  • Blood count
  • Serology for syphilis
  • CT scan
  • Sleep EEG (correct)

    • What is the sensitivity of interictal EEG in diagnosing epilepsy?

  • 75%
  • 100%
  • 50% (correct)
  • 25%

    • What is the immediate care for a person experiencing a seizure?

  • Ensure clear airway (correct)
  • Move away from danger
  • Insert something into the mouth
  • Leave the patient alone

    • Which drug is considered a first-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with a risk of teratogenicity and neural tube defects?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with the side effect of gum hypertrophy?

    <p>Phenytoin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is recommended for patients with unprovoked first fit?

    <p>EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of EEG is used to monitor brain activity during sleep?

    <p>Sleep EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first aid measure for a person experiencing a seizure?

    <p>Move away from danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a first-line treatment for myoclonic seizures?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT commonly used as a first-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Carbamazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with the side effect of transient leucopenia and rare aplastic anemia?

    <p>Carbamazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a first-line treatment for myoclonic seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of EEG is used to monitor brain activity during sleep?

    <p>Sleep EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line drug of choice for the treatment of absence seizures?

    <p>Ethosuximide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose regimen for anticonvulsant therapy?

    <p>Start with low dose and gradually increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common side effect associated with valproate use?

    <p>Tremor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred treatment target for epilepsy?

    <p>Complete control of seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>CSF examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended dose regimen for anticonvulsant therapy?

    <p>Start with a moderate dose and maintain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is considered a second-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Carbamazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common side effect associated with carbamazepine use?

    <p>Stevens-Johnson syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach for drug treatment in epilepsy?

    <p>Start with one anticonvulsant (monotherapy)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT commonly used as a first-line treatment for partial and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Gabapentin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>Chest X-ray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first aid measure for a person experiencing a seizure?

    <p>Turn into recovery position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensitivity of interictal EEG in diagnosing epilepsy?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a first-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT commonly used as a first-line treatment for partial and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is associated with a risk of teratogenicity and neural tube defects?

    <p>Valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first aid measure for a person experiencing a seizure?

    <p>Turn into recovery position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a first-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Sodium valproate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a second-line treatment for absence seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is NOT commonly used as a first-line treatment for myoclonic seizures?

    <p>Carbamazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>Lumbar puncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first aid measure for a person experiencing a seizure?

    <p>Move away from danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensitivity of interictal EEG in diagnosing epilepsy?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is commonly used as a first-line treatment for primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures?

    <p>Lamotrigine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common side effect associated with valproate use?

    <p>Weight gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensitivity of interictal EEG in diagnosing epilepsy?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which investigation is NOT routinely done to confirm the diagnosis of epilepsy?

    <p>MRI scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of seizures?

    <p>Alzheimer's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of seizure formation?

    <p>Too much excitation of nerves discharging independently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is epilepsy?

    <p>A chronic neurological disorder with recurring seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is NOT a characteristic of syncope?

    <p>Convulsive or nonconvulsive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be recorded during the evaluation of a person with suspected transient loss of consciousness (TLoC)?

    <p>Circumstances of the event</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be asked about during the history-taking for a person with suspected transient loss of consciousness (TLoC)?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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