Mastering Critical Thinking
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Questions and Answers

Which research approach is often used in a pragmatic approach?

  • Feminist research
  • Query theory
  • Participatory action research
  • All of the above (correct)

What does pragmatism view traditional paradigms as?

  • Inclusive
  • Prescriptive (correct)
  • Restrictive
  • Descriptive

What does a pragmatic approach focus on?

  • Problems (correct)
  • Ontological and epistemological approach
  • Quantitative and qualitative methods
  • Philosophical positioning

Which methods are used in a pragmatic approach?

<p>Both quantitative and qualitative methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a research approach guided by different ideological positions?

<p>Pragmatism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of a pragmatic approach?

<p>Problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigms does pragmatism view as prescriptive?

<p>Positivist and postpositivist paradigms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approach of a pragmatic researcher to ontological and epistemological questions?

<p>To explore multiple approaches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reasoning involves developing specific predictions from general principles?

<p>Deductive reasoning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main principle of a pragmatic approach?

<p>To focus on problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of reasoning involves reasoning from specific observations to more broad general rules?

<p>Inductive reasoning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a pragmatic researcher do to achieve answers to research questions?

<p>Do what works (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the research process involve?

<p>Back-and-forth movement between decisions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step of a study involves identifying the problem and developing a topic?

<p>Significance/compliance of the study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the step of designing a study involve?

<p>Identifying a methodology, population/sample, method of data collection, ethical principles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the step of conducting a study involve?

<p>Data collection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the step of analyzing the data involve?

<p>Thematic analysis (quantitative) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the step of interpreting the findings focus on?

<p>Linking findings to research question (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the step of disseminating the findings involve?

<p>Sharing data with peers and interested groups/conferences/presentations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a literature review in a study?

<p>To identify any gaps in the current state of knowledge (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm is based on the assumption that reality is objective and can be measured?

<p>Positivism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm recognizes that complete objectivity is not possible?

<p>Post positivism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm views reality as subjective and differs from person to person?

<p>Constructivism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm uses inductive reasoning and can develop theories from specific observations?

<p>Constructivism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm is focused on raising awareness and promoting social change?

<p>Transformative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm believes that there is a single reality, but we cannot know that for sure?

<p>Post positivism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm uses deductive reasoning and aims to produce data that is predictive and generalizable?

<p>Positivism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm recognizes that reality occurs within contexts and many constructions are possible?

<p>Constructivism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm uses qualitative research methods with small samples to collect rich, in-depth data?

<p>Constructivism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which paradigm acknowledges biases and uses self-reflection in the research process?

<p>Constructivism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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