85 Questions
Which organization develops various standards for WPANs?
IEEE
What is the main objective of a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)?
To eliminate the need for wires or cables
What are some applications for WPAN technology?
All of the above
Which layer of the Bluetooth protocol stack is responsible for multiplexing, segmentation & reassembly, quality of service, and group management?
L2CAP layer
What is the maximum size of a payload field in the baseband layer of Bluetooth?
339 bytes
What is the default quality of service (QoS) level in Bluetooth if no QoS is defined?
Best-effort service
Which power class of Bluetooth has the longest range?
Class 1
Which security mode in the 802.15.4 standard provides full authentication and encryption?
Secured mode
What does the MAC layer optionally provide in terms of security?
Frame integrity and sequential freshness
What is the advantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard?
More secure communication
Which type of link in Bluetooth supports voice at 64 Kbps?
Synchronous connection-oriented (SCO) link
What is the energy consumed during each transmission operation for a Bluetooth device using a data rate of 1 Mbps?
3.315 microJ/ops
How many transmission operations per hour does a Bluetooth device perform if it performs a transmission operation every 15 seconds?
240 ops/hr
What is the purpose of the adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) feature in Bluetooth version 1.2?
To improve compatibility with 802.11 WLANs
Which wireless technology is designed for IoT applications requiring low power operation and sends small chunks of data?
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
What is the range of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)?
Up to 100 meters
Which wireless technology uses full-mesh networking and has three basic classes of devices: Full-function device (FFD), PAN coordinator, and Reduced-function device (RFD)?
ZigBee
What is the overhead percentage for a ZigBee frame size of 127 bytes?
4.7%
Which of the following topologies is the most reliable in a ZigBee network?
Mesh
What is the purpose of the PAN coordinator in a ZigBee network?
To maintain net parameters
Which encryption mode in Bluetooth WPANs encrypts all traffic?
Encryption Mode 3
What type of key is used for authentication and encryption in ZigBee WPANs?
Symmetric key
Which security mode in the 802.15.4 standard provides frame integrity and sequential freshness?
Secured mode
What is the advantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard?
More secure communication
Which layer of the Bluetooth protocol stack is responsible for multiplexing, segmentation & reassembly, quality of service, and group management?
Link manager protocol
What is the purpose of the adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) feature in Bluetooth?
To minimize interference from other devices
Which wireless technology has three basic classes of devices: Full-function device (FFD), PAN coordinator, and Reduced-function device (RFD)?
ZigBee
What is the range of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)?
10 meters
What is the maximum size of a payload field in the baseband layer of Bluetooth?
127 bytes
Which encryption mode in Bluetooth WPANs encrypts all traffic?
Encryption mode 4
What is the purpose of the PAN coordinator in a ZigBee network?
To maintain a list of devices that can communicate with each other
Which wireless technology is designed for IoT applications requiring low power operation and sends small chunks of data?
ZigBee
Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 WPANs have three security modes
- Unsecured mode, 2. ACL mode which uses access control, and 3. Secured mode which uses full authentication and encryption. The MAC layer can optionally provide frame integrity and sequential freshness. Frame integrity is ensured in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs by using a message integrity code (MIC) based on message content. Access control in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs is based on an access control list (ACL) which is maintained by the device and lists other devices that can communicate with it. In large buildings, devices in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs only communicate with devices on their own network. Sequential freshness is a security service used in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs for replay protection and ensures that the same frames are not transmitted more than once. In Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs, the secured mode provides more secure communication but uses more processing power, energy, and slows down the effective data rate. The optional frame integrity and sequential freshness provided by the MAC layer in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs makes communication more secure. The advantage of using the secured mode in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs is more secure communication. The ACL mode in Zigbee 802.15.4 WPANs uses access control to determine which devices can communicate with each other. The Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 WPANs standard provides frame integrity and sequential freshness for replay protection.
Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 WPANs have three ______ modes
security
The MAC layer can optionally provide frame ______ & sequential freshness
integrity
The advantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard is ______ secure communication
more
The disadvantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard is it uses more ______, ______, & slows down effective data rate
processing, energy
The secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard provides frame ______ & sequential freshness
integrity
The ACL mode in the 802.15.4 standard uses ______ control
access
The sequential freshness in the 802.15.4 standard provides ______ protection
replay
The secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard uses full ______ & encryption
authentication
The MAC layer optionally provides frame integrity & ______ freshness
sequential
The ACL mode in the 802.15.4 standard uses ______ control list
access
What are the three security modes in the 802.15.4 standard?
Unsecured mode, ACL mode, Secured mode
What does the MAC layer optionally provide in terms of security?
Frame integrity and sequential freshness
What is the main objective of a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN)?
To enable communication between devices in close proximity
What is the purpose of the adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) feature in Bluetooth?
To minimize interference from other wireless devices
What is the range of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)?
Varies depending on implementation, but typically up to 100 meters
What is the maximum size of a payload field in the baseband layer of Bluetooth?
Varies depending on Bluetooth version, but typically up to 2745 bytes
What type of key is used for authentication and encryption in ZigBee WPANs?
Master key
Which wireless technology is designed for IoT applications requiring low power operation and sends small chunks of data?
Zigbee
What is the advantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard?
More secure communication
What is the disadvantage of using the secured mode in the 802.15.4 standard?
Uses more processing, energy, and slows down effective data rate
Match the following security modes with their descriptions in the 802.15.4 standard:
Unsecured mode = No security features are used ACL mode = Access control is based on an access control list Secured mode = Provides full authentication and encryption MAC layer = Can optionally provide frame integrity and sequential freshness
Match the following security features with the security modes they are associated with in the 802.15.4 standard:
Frame integrity = Secured mode Sequential freshness for replay protection = Secured mode Access control = ACL mode Optional security features = MAC layer
Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 WPANs:
Frame integrity = Uses message integrity code (MIC) based on message content so receiver ensures message is not altered Access control = Based on access control list (ACL) - device maintains list of other devices that can communicate with Sequential freshness = Security service used by receiving device to ensure that same frames will not be transmitted more than once Unsecured mode = No security features are used
Match the following terms with their associated wireless technologies or standards:
Unsecured mode = 802.15.4 standard Secured mode = 802.15.4 standard ACL mode = 802.15.4 standard Frame integrity = 802.15.4 standard
Match the following terms with their associated security modes in the 802.15.4 standard:
Full authentication & encryption = Secured mode Access control list = ACL mode No security features = Unsecured mode Optional frame integrity & sequential freshness = MAC layer
Match the following security features with the security modes they are associated with in the 802.15.4 standard:
Full authentication & encryption = Secured mode Access control list = ACL mode No security features = Unsecured mode Optional frame integrity & sequential freshness = MAC layer
Match the following terms with their associated wireless technologies or standards:
Unsecured mode = 802.15.4 standard Secured mode = 802.15.4 standard ACL mode = 802.15.4 standard Frame integrity = 802.15.4 standard
Match the following terms with their definitions in the context of Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 WPANs:
Frame integrity = Uses message integrity code (MIC) based on message content so receiver ensures message is not altered Access control = Based on access control list (ACL) - device maintains list of other devices that can communicate with Sequential freshness = Security service used by receiving device to ensure that same frames will not be transmitted more than once Unsecured mode = No security features are used
Match the following security modes with their descriptions in the 802.15.4 standard:
Unsecured mode = No security features are used ACL mode = Access control is based on an access control list Secured mode = Provides full authentication and encryption MAC layer = Can optionally provide frame integrity and sequential freshness
Match the following terms with their associated security modes in the 802.15.4 standard:
Full authentication & encryption = Secured mode Access control list = ACL mode No security features = Unsecured mode Optional frame integrity & sequential freshness = MAC layer
What is the IEEE standard for WLAN, also known as 'Wireless Ethernet'?
IEEE 802.11-2012
Which IEEE standard is designed to operate in sub-GHz bands and provides longer range (up to a km) for large scale, low power & low data rate applications?
IEEE 802.11ah
Which IEEE standard amendment is for robust streaming of Audio Video Transport Streams?
IEEE 802.11aa
Which IEEE standard provides very high throughput for WLAN?
IEEE 802.11ac
Which IEEE standard amendment is for extensions to Direct Link Setup (DLS)?
IEEE 802.11z
Which IEEE standard operates in the 3650–3700 MHz band in the U.S.?
IEEE 802.11y
Which IEEE standard amendment is for Protected Management Frames?
IEEE 802.11w
Which IEEE standard is a new release that includes multiple amendments such as k, n, p, r, s, u, v, w, y, and z?
IEEE 802.11-2012
What is the term 'WiFi' commonly used as a synonym for?
WLAN
Which IEEE standard amendment is for the very high throughput for WLAN?
IEEE 802.11ac
Which IEEE standard amendment is for IoT applications requiring low power operation and sending small chunks of data?
IEEE 802.11ah
What is a key characteristic of wireless LANs compared to wired LANs?
Hosts are not physically connected in wireless LANs
What is a challenge affecting the performance of wireless LANs?
Attenuation
What is a characteristic of wireless LANs in terms of interference?
Receiver may receive signals from other senders using the same frequency band
What is the success story of wireless LANs as per the text?
Captured huge market share and widespread adoption
What is the main advantage of wireless LANs over wired LANs?
Mobility
What is a significant challenge in wireless LANs related to signal propagation?
Multipath propagation
What is a characteristic of wireless LANs in terms of attenuation?
The strength of electromagnetic signals decreases rapidly
What does a wireless LAN enable through a gateway?
Internet connection
What is a key characteristic of wireless LANs in terms of host connection to the network?
Hosts are not physically connected to the network
What is a significant challenge affecting wireless LAN performance related to signal interference?
Interference from other senders using the same frequency band
What is a characteristic of wireless LANs in terms of outside signal interference?
Not protected from outside signals
Test your knowledge on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and its applications in IoT devices. Learn about its power-saving capabilities and how it is designed for long battery life. Explore its use in eHealth devices, public transportation apps, and monitoring sensors. Discover how BLE can send small amounts of data while preserving energy.
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