Water Properties Quiz: Tensile Strength & Boiling Points

Questions and Answers

Which statement must be mentioned in explaining why amphipathic molecules line up at a water surface?

Polar groups attract one another.

Dissolving is best described as?

mingling of molecules and/or ions.

Water is a source of ______________ for chemical reactions in cells.

Oxygen and Hydrogen.

Which statement is true of water's tensile strength?

(a), (b), and (c). Signup and view all the answers

Water has surface tension because?

hydrogen bonds between surface water molecules resist being stretched. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following helps most to explain why water has a high specific heat?

A water molecule can make 4 hydrogen bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is important in making it possible to cool yourself by sweating?

(a), (b), and (c). Signup and view all the answers

Though you add heat, the temperature of boiling water remains constant because?

it takes energy to break hydrogen bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement helps to explain why ice is less dense than liquid water?

Both A and B. Signup and view all the answers

The open spaces in water's crystal structure make it possible for?

aquatic life to exist at the North Pole. Signup and view all the answers

Why doesn't oil mix with water?

Polar molecules attract one another. Signup and view all the answers

What are the organizing effects of water?

Life relies on the properties of water. Signup and view all the answers

What is water?

An inorganic molecule composed of an oxygen atom covalently bound to two hydrogen atoms (H2O). Signup and view all the answers

What are molecules?

Two or more atoms held together by a chemical bond. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cell?

The smallest unit of matter that has all the properties of life. Signup and view all the answers

What is a non-polar molecule?

Having little or no partial charge on the component atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What is a polar molecule?

Presence of distinct regions that have partial positive and negative charges. Signup and view all the answers

What is an amphipathic molecule?

Having both polar and non-polar parts. Signup and view all the answers

What are oil molecules?

Oil molecules are non-polar and cannot form hydrogen bonds. Signup and view all the answers

Compare the polarity of different substances.

Butanol, middle. Signup and view all the answers

Do molecules break apart when they dissolve?

True Signup and view all the answers

Does water repel non-polar molecules?

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Properties of Water

Amphipathic molecules align at water surfaces due to the attraction between polar groups.
Dissolving involves the mingling of molecules or ions within a solvent.
Water serves as a source of oxygen and hydrogen for chemical reactions in cells.
Water's tensile strength results from hydrogen bonding, supporting water movement through plants through both cohesion and adhesion.
Surface tension in water is caused by hydrogen bonds resisting the stretching of surface molecules.
High specific heat of water is attributed to a molecule's ability to form four hydrogen bonds.
Cooling by sweating relies on random collisions allowing energy accumulation, leading to the escape of warmer molecules due to weak hydrogen bonds.
Boiling water maintains a constant temperature because energy is required to break hydrogen bonds.
Ice is less dense than liquid water because of distinct angles in hydrogen bonding and the movement of cold molecules compared to warmer ones.
Open spaces in ice's crystal structure support aquatic life in polar regions.
Oil does not mix with water as polar molecules tend to attract each other, creating separation.

Organizing Effects of Water

Life relies on water's properties to organize other molecular structures and facilitate cell function.
Water categorizes molecules into non-polar, polar, and amphipathic based on polarity.
Water is a highly polar substance, influencing its interactions with other molecules.

Basics of Molecular Structure

Water is an inorganic molecule consisting of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms (H2O).
Molecules are defined as two or more atoms bonded chemically.
A cell is the smallest unit of life, capable of self-maintenance, reproduction, and metabolic processes, with the human body containing trillions of cells.

Molecular Polarity

Non-polar molecules lack significant partial charge and typically bond atoms of similar electronegativity (e.g., C-H, C-C, O-O bonds).
Polar molecules exhibit distinct regions with partial positive and negative charges.
Amphipathic molecules possess both polar and non-polar parts, crucial for biological membranes and protein structures.

Interactions of Oil and Water

Oil molecules are non-polar and cannot form hydrogen bonds, requiring energy to separate water molecules if they mix.
If oil is agitated into water, it accumulates into clumps as water molecules push them out.
Solvent interactions vary with polarity: more polar substances (e.g., methanol) dissolve easily in water, whereas less polar substances (e.g., myristic alcohol) dissolve less readily.
When dissolved in water, most molecules do not break apart; for instance, sugar molecules retain integrity, while salts (ions) separate easily.

Molecular Repulsion

Water does not actively repel non-polar molecules; instead, they simply do not mix due to the cohesive attraction between water molecules, leaving no room for non-polar molecules without polar interactions.

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Test your knowledge on the properties of water with these flashcards that cover essential concepts. Learn about amphipathic molecules, the role of water in chemical reactions, and the nature of dissolving substances. Perfect for students mastering biology topics!

Mastering Biology - Properties of Water