Mastering A&P Chapter 5 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Complete the Concept Map to name the major layers and functions of the ________ and epidermis.

dermis

Surface skin cells regenerate from stem cells found in which specific region?

stratum basale

Which of the following layers is found only on the palms of the hands or the soles of the feet?

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum lucidum (correct)

Stratum corneum

The integument's ability to resist tearing when stretched is largely due to the ________ present in the reticular layer of the dermis.

network of collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which epidermal cells act as sensory touch receptors?

tactile cells Signup and view all the answers

Which layer is composed primarily of dense irregular connective tissue?

Layer C Signup and view all the answers

Layer B is composed primarily of __________.

areolar connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a function of the layer at D?

to supply cells to replace those lost from the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following skin pigmentation factors:

Hemoglobin = Affects skin color based on blood flow Melanin = Provides pigmentation as a defense against UV Carotene = Contributes to yellow-orange pigment in skin Signup and view all the answers

Which skin pigment is made in the skin as a natural defense against UV radiation?

melanin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following explains why eyebrows do NOT grow as long as the hair on the head?

The hair follicles of the eyebrows are active for only a few months before becoming inactive; the hair follicles in the scalp are active for years before becoming inactive. Signup and view all the answers

The nails can provide signs of health and disease. Which of the following could be a sign of an underlying medical problem?

The nails appear yellow Signup and view all the answers

Which glands secrete an oily product that softens the skin and hair?

sebaceous glands Signup and view all the answers

Earwax is made by?

ceruminous glands Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents a difference between eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands?

The secretions of apocrine sweat glands contain more fat and protein than do the secretions of eccrine sweat glands. Signup and view all the answers

Which skin function is not correctly matched with the structure that accounts for that function?

Apocrine gland: thermoregulation Signup and view all the answers

Vitamin D precursors are produced in the skin in the presence of sunlight. These chemicals are important for the transport of sodium in our intestines.

False Signup and view all the answers

The most dangerous type of skin cancer is?

melanoma Signup and view all the answers

Susan sat out in the sun watching a baseball game. She developed small blisters on her unprotected shoulders and neck. What type of burn is represented by this?

second-degree burn Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Regions and Layers

Major layers of the skin include the epidermis and dermis, each serving distinct functions.
The stratum basale is where surface skin cells regenerate from stem cells.
The stratum lucidum is exclusive to the palms and soles, providing a protective layer.

Dermis Composition

The reticular layer of the dermis contains a network of collagen fibers, enhancing resistance to tearing.
Layer C consists of dense irregular connective tissue, providing structural integrity.
Layer B is primarily made of areolar connective tissue, contributing to the skin's flexibility.

Epidermal Cells

Tactile cells (Merkel cells) in the epidermis are responsible for sensory touch reception.
Keratinocytes are the most abundant cell type within the epidermis, playing a crucial role in barrier formation.

Cancer Risk and Skin Layers

Epidermal layer A is least likely to develop cancer, highlighting varying risk levels in skin layers.

Skin Function and Structures

Structures A, B, C, and D within the dermis serve diverse functions, including lubrication and infection prevention.
Sebaceous glands secrete an oily substance that softens skin and hair.
Ceruminous glands are responsible for earwax production.

Skin Pigmentation

Hemoglobin can alter skin color, particularly in light-skinned individuals, indicating respiratory issues.
Melanocytes in the epidermis produce melanin, a pigment that protects against UV radiation.

Hair and Nail Characteristics

Eyebrow hair follicles are short-lived compared to scalp follicles, resulting in shorter hair growth.
Yellowing nails may signal underlying health problems.

Sweat Gland Differences

Eccrine and apocrine sweat glands differ in their secretions; apocrine glands produce lipid-rich sweat.
Apocrine glands are not primarily involved in thermoregulation, contradicting common assumptions.

Vitamin D and Health Implications

Vitamin D precursors are synthesized in the skin in sunlight, crucial for various health functions, contradicting simplistic health correlations.

Skin Cancer

Melanoma is identified as the most dangerous form of skin cancer, emphasizing the importance of monitoring skin health.

Sunburn Indicators

Blisters resulting from sun exposure indicate a second-degree burn, a sign of skin damage from UV radiation.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the integumentary system with these flashcards. Cover major layers and functions of the dermis and epidermis, as well as regeneration processes and unique skin features. Perfect for mastering Chapter 5 in Anatomy & Physiology.