Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are muscles that serve as the primary promoters of a movement?
What are muscles that serve as the primary promoters of a movement?
Which of the following is not used as a criterion for naming muscles?
Which of the following is not used as a criterion for naming muscles?
Choose the false statement about hamstrings.
Choose the false statement about hamstrings.
Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion?
Which of the following muscles is named for its origin and insertion?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following muscles is named for its action?
Which of the following muscles is named for its action?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is correctly matched?
Which of the following is correctly matched?
Signup and view all the answers
Most skeletal muscles of the body act as:
Most skeletal muscles of the body act as:
Signup and view all the answers
Which is correctly matched?
Which is correctly matched?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are most of the muscles that move the hand located?
Where are most of the muscles that move the hand located?
Signup and view all the answers
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n):
A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n):
Signup and view all the answers
What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called?
What are the muscles that are found at openings of the body collectively called?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
What is the main factor that determines the power of a muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the:
If a lever operates at a mechanical disadvantage, it means that the:
Signup and view all the answers
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
When the term biceps, triceps, or quadriceps forms part of a muscle's name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true?
Which generalization concerning movement by skeletal muscles is not true?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?
What is a muscle that provides the major force for producing a specific movement called?
Signup and view all the answers
The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?
The names of muscles often indicate the action of the muscle. What does the term levator mean?
Signup and view all the answers
Muscles are only able to pull; they never push.
Muscles are only able to pull; they never push.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the major factor controlling how levers work?
What is the major factor controlling how levers work?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?
Which of the following describes fascicle arrangement in a pennate muscle?
Signup and view all the answers
Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.
Both first- and second-class levers operate at a mechanical disadvantage.
Signup and view all the answers
First-class levers ________.
First-class levers ________.
Signup and view all the answers
Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.
Regardless of type, all levers follow the same basic principle: effort farther than load from fulcrum = mechanical advantage; effort nearer than load to fulcrum = mechanical disadvantage.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?
Which of these is not a way of classifying muscles?
Signup and view all the answers
The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.
The arrangement of a muscle's fascicles determines its range of motion and power.
Signup and view all the answers
Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.
Although all skeletal muscles have different shapes, the fascicle arrangement of each muscle is exactly the same.
Signup and view all the answers
In a pennate muscle pattern ________.
In a pennate muscle pattern ________.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?
What type of muscle assists an agonist by causing a like movement or by stabilizing a joint over which an agonist acts?
Signup and view all the answers
If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?
If L = load, F = fulcrum, and E = effort, what type of lever system is described as LEF?
Signup and view all the answers
Which is correctly matched?
Which is correctly matched?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Muscle Types and Functions
- Agonists are primary muscles responsible for movements, while antagonists oppose these actions.
- Synergists assist agonists, helping stabilize joints.
- Fixators stabilize the origin of the agonist to enable efficient movement.
Muscle Naming Criteria
- Muscles can be named based on attachment locations, shapes, or number of origins.
- The involuntary or voluntary control of muscles is not a criterion for naming.
Musculature and Joints
- The hamstrings cross both the knee and hip joints, but do not contribute to knee rotation.
- Muscles may be named for their origins and insertions, exemplified by the sternocleidomastoid.
Fascicle Arrangement
- Muscle structure affects function; convergent muscles have a fan-shaped arrangement, and pennate muscles feature short fascicles attaching obliquely to a central tendon.
- Rectus denotes straight muscles, while brevis indicates shorter muscles.
Skeletal Muscle Mechanics
- Most skeletal muscles function as third-class levers, where effort is applied between load and fulcrum.
- Muscle contraction produces movement by pulling on bones, not pushing.
Muscle Power and Levers
- Muscle strength is primarily determined by the total number of muscle cells available for contraction.
- First-class levers can operate at mechanical advantage or disadvantage based on their configuration.
General Muscle Movement Rules
- Muscles only pull; they cannot push.
- The arrangement of muscle fascicles directly influences a muscle's range of motion and power.
Muscle Classification
- Muscles can be classified by action, location, and shape, but not by the type of muscle fibers.
- Pennate muscles resemble feathers due to their unique fascicle arrangement.
Lever Systems
- The arrangement of effort, load, and fulcrum determines a lever's mechanical advantage.
- LEF describes a third-class lever system, where effort is between load and fulcrum.
Movement Characteristics
- Muscles can produce movements of graded intensity and serve as levers for movement.
- Circular muscles, or sphincters, control the openings of the body.
Function of Muscle Names
- Muscle names often imply their function; for example, levator indicates the muscle functions to elevate or adduct a body part.
Misconceptions in Muscle Movement
- It is incorrect to assume that the two articulating bones move equally during a contraction.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your understanding of key concepts in Chapter 10 of Mastering Anatomy and Physiology with these flashcards. Engage with terms related to muscle function and naming criteria. Enhance your mastery of anatomy and physiology terminology.
