20 Questions
Which kingdom were fungi placed in when considering their characteristics?
Kingdom Fungi
Which kingdom were prokaryotic organisms grouped together under?
Kingdom Monera
Which kingdom were unicellular eukaryotic organisms placed in?
Kingdom Protista
Which organisms were brought together in Kingdom Protista?
Paramoecium and Amoeba
Why were organisms placed in Kingdom Protista that were previously placed in different kingdoms?
Because of their evolutionary relationships
What criteria for classification changed over time?
All of the above
What kind of classification system has been attempted to evolve?
Phylogenetic
What is a phylogenetic classification system based on?
Evolutionary relationships
What will future changes in classification depend on?
Improvement in understanding of characteristics and evolutionary relationships
What does the classification system aim to reflect?
Both A and B
According to R.H. Whittaker's Five Kingdom Classification, which of the following is NOT one of the kingdoms?
Plantae
What were the main criteria used by R.H. Whittaker for classification?
Cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition, reproduction, phylogenetic relationships
What is the six kingdom classification system?
A system that divides the Kingdom Monera into two domains and the remaining eukaryotic kingdoms in the third domain
What did earlier classification systems include under 'Plants'?
Bacteria, blue green algae, fungi, mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms
What characteristic unified the organisms under the 'Plants' kingdom in earlier classification systems?
Cell wall composition
Which of the following is true about the classification of fungi and green plants in the five kingdom classification?
They were classified together under the same kingdom
What is the composition of the cell wall in fungi?
Chitin
What is the composition of the cell wall in green plants?
Cellulose
Which of the following is NOT one of the kingdoms in the three-domain system?
Protista
What will be learned about the three-domain system?
It will be learned in higher classes
Study Notes
Classification Systems
- Fungi were placed in the kingdom Fungi due to their unique characteristics.
- Prokaryotic organisms were grouped together in the kingdom Monera.
- Unicellular eukaryotic organisms were placed in the kingdom Protista.
Kingdom Protista
- This kingdom brought together organisms that were previously placed in different kingdoms.
- It included organisms that didn't fit into other kingdoms, such as protozoa, algae, and slime molds.
- Organisms were placed in Kingdom Protista because they didn't conform to traditional classifications.
Changes in Classification
- The criteria for classification changed over time to include new discoveries and understanding of evolutionary relationships.
- There has been an attempt to evolve classification systems to reflect evolutionary relationships among organisms.
Phylogenetic Classification
- A phylogenetic classification system is based on evolutionary relationships among organisms.
- It aims to reflect the relationships between organisms and their common ancestors.
R.H. Whittaker's Five Kingdom Classification
- The five kingdoms are: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
- Archaebacteria is NOT one of the kingdoms in this system.
- Whittaker's main criteria for classification were cell structure, body organization, and mode of nutrition.
Six Kingdom Classification System
- The six kingdoms are: Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.
Earlier Classification Systems
- Earlier classification systems included algae and cyanobacteria under the 'Plants' kingdom.
- The characteristic that unified the organisms under the 'Plants' kingdom was their ability to perform photosynthesis.
Fungi and Green Plants
- In the five kingdom classification, fungi and green plants are separated into different kingdoms.
- Fungi have cell walls composed of chitin, while green plants have cell walls composed of cellulose.
Three-Domain System
- The three-domain system is a classification system that divides life into Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
- The three-domain system will be learned about in more detail.
Test your knowledge of R.H. Whittaker's Five Kingdom Classification! This quiz will cover the main criteria for classification and the characteristics of the Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia kingdoms.
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