Questions and Answers
Who developed the classification system we use today?
What is binomial nomenclature?
A two-part naming system involving a genus and species.
List the classification system in order from general to most specific.
Domain; Kingdom; Phylum; Class; Order; Family; Genus; Species
What are the 6 kingdoms of life?
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Describe Kingdom Eubacteria.
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Describe Kingdom Archaebacteria.
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Describe Kingdom Plants.
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Describe Kingdom Animal.
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Describe Kingdom Fungi.
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What is an example of Kingdom Fungi?
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Describe Kingdom Protista.
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Give examples of Kingdom Animals.
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Give examples of Kingdom Plants.
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What is photosynthesis?
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What is an autotroph?
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What are heterotrophs?
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What is a taxa?
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What is asexual reproduction?
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What is sexual reproduction?
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What does unicellular mean?
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What does multicellular mean?
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What is a prokaryote?
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What is a eukaryote?
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What is a cell wall?
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What is a species?
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Which kingdom does Dendroaspis polyepis belong to?
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Which kingdom does Phyllostachys migra belong to?
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Which kingdom does Paramecium caudatum belong to?
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Study Notes
Classification System
- Carl Linnaeus developed the modern classification and naming system for living organisms.
- Binomial nomenclature consists of two parts: the genus (capitalized) and species (lowercase), both in Latin, either italicized or underlined.
- The classification hierarchy progresses from more general categories to specific ones: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Six Kingdom System
- All living organisms are grouped into six kingdoms, classified from simplest to most complex:
- Kingdom Archaebacteria
- Kingdom Eubacteria
- Kingdom Protista
- Kingdom Fungi
- Kingdom Plantae
- Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Characteristics
- Kingdom Eubacteria: Prokaryotic organisms found in diverse environments; includes both harmful pathogens and beneficial bacteria.
- Kingdom Archaebacteria: Ancient prokaryotic organisms that thrive in extreme conditions.
- Kingdom Plantae: Eukaryotic multicellular organisms with a cellulose cell wall, predominantly utilizing sexual reproduction and primarily autotrophic, performing photosynthesis.
- Kingdom Animalia: Eukaryotic multicellular organisms lacking a cell wall, heterotrophic, and primarily reproduce sexually.
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Kingdom Fungi: Eukaryotic, mainly multicellular organisms characterized by a chitin cell wall; includes unicellular yeast; capable of both asexual and sexual reproduction.
- Example organisms include yeast and mushrooms.
- Kingdom Protista: Diverse eukaryotic organisms, including both unicellular and multicellular forms, exhibiting autotrophic and heterotrophic characteristics; recognized as a "junk drawer" kingdom because of its varied members.
Organism Types
- Autotroph: Organisms that produce their own food, primarily through photosynthesis.
- Heterotroph: Organisms that cannot synthesize their own food and rely on consuming other organisms.
- Unicellular: Single-celled organisms.
- Multicellular: Organisms composed of multiple cells.
- Prokaryote: Cells without a nucleus.
- Eukaryote: Cells that possess a nucleus.
Reproduction
- Asexual Reproduction: Involves a single parent; offspring are genetically identical (e.g., budding, runners).
- Sexual Reproduction: Involves two parents exchanging genetic material; offspring are genetically varied.
Examples of Kingdoms
- Animal Kingdom: Includes various species like fish, birds, reptiles, insects, and mammals.
- Plant Kingdom: Features species such as ferns, trees, flowers, and grasses.
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Specific Examples:
- Dendroaspis polyepis: A highly venomous snake within Kingdom Animalia, reaching up to 14 feet.
- Phyllostachys migra: A tall bamboo species found in tropical regions, belonging to Kingdom Plantae.
- Paramecium caudatum: A unicellular protozoan with cilia for movement in Kingdom Protista.
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Description
Test your understanding of the classification system developed by Carl Linnaeus, including binomial nomenclature and the six kingdom system. Evaluate your knowledge of kingdom characteristics from Archaebacteria to Animalia and the hierarchy of classification.