Classification of Living Organisms Quiz

Aristotle's Contribution to Classification

• Aristotle's classification of living organisms was based on simple observations and was not systematic.
• He classified plants and animals into two categories: plants and animals.

Linnaeus' Two Kingdom System of Classification

• Carl Linnaeus developed the Two Kingdom system of classification, which divided living organisms into two kingdoms: Animalia and Plantae.
• This system was used for over 200 years and laid the foundation for modern biological classification.

Limitations of the Two Kingdom System

• The Two Kingdom system failed to recognize the diversity of microorganisms and fungi.
• It did not provide a clear distinction between single-celled and multi-celled organisms.

Purpose of Biological Classification

• The purpose of biological classification is to group organisms into categories based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships.

Criteria for Modern Scientific Classification

• Morphology (shape and structure)
• Anatomy (internal organization)
• Embryology (developmental stages)
• Physiology (functions and processes)
• Biochemistry (chemical composition)
• Molecular biology (genetic information)

Five Kingdoms of Biological Classification

• Monera (bacteria and other single-celled organisms)
• Protista (single-celled eukaryotes, including protozoa and algae)
• Fungi (mushrooms, molds, and yeasts)
• Plantae (plants)
• Animalia (animals)

Aristotle's Scientific Basis

• Aristotle's classification of plants and animals was based on simple observations and was not systematic.

Limitations of the Two Kingdom System

• Failed to recognize the diversity of microorganisms and fungi.
• Did not provide a clear distinction between single-celled and multi-celled organisms.

Early Civilizations' Attempts at Classification

• Early civilizations, such as the Greeks, Romans, and Chinese, made attempts to classify living organisms based on their characteristics and uses.