Massachusetts Cosmetology Practice Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does the Greek word 'Kosmetikos' mean?

Practice of self-grooming

Appearance enhancement

Skilled in the study of cosmetics (correct)

Art of hair design

In ancient cultures, self-grooming and appearance enhancement was allied with the practice of?

Medicine

What are the two types of goals?

Short-term and long-term

Comfortable well-fitted shoes should have?

Low heels Signup and view all the answers

What is verbal communication with the client to determine desired results called?

Client consultation Signup and view all the answers

What agency regulates and enforces safety and health standards in the workplace?

OSHA Signup and view all the answers

What is the microorganism capable of infecting almost all plants and animals?

Virus Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria that are completely harmless and do not cause disease are called?

Nonpathogenic Signup and view all the answers

What is the virus that causes AIDS?

HIV Signup and view all the answers

Agents that are formulated for use on skin are called?

Antiseptics Signup and view all the answers

What part of a cell contains the protoplasm?

Cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

What is the physical foundation of the body?

Skeletal system Signup and view all the answers

What forms the sides of the head in the ear region?

Temporal bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the uppermost and largest bone of the arm?

Humerus Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendon that connects the occipitalis and the frontalis?

Aponeurosis Signup and view all the answers

What nerve affects the skin of the forehead, scalp, eyebrows, and upper eyelid?

Superorbital Signup and view all the answers

What is also called the gastrointestinal system and is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients and waste?

Digestive Signup and view all the answers

What is the basal cell layer composed of several layers of different shapes of cells called?

Stratum germinativum Signup and view all the answers

What controls the next excretion of sweat?

Nervous system Signup and view all the answers

This vitamin is an antioxidant that can help prevent certain types of cancer.

Vitamin A Signup and view all the answers

What supplies nutrients and oxygen to the skin?

Blood Signup and view all the answers

The nail bed is supplied with many nerves and is attached to the nail plate by a thin layer of tissue called?

Bed epithelium Signup and view all the answers

What is the living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area called?

Eponychium Signup and view all the answers

The hardened keratin plate covering the nail bed is the?

Nail plate Signup and view all the answers

A mature strand of human hair is divided into two parts: the root and the?

Hair shaft Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical side bond that is very different from the physical bond of hydrogen or salt bonds?

Disulfide bond Signup and view all the answers

The growth phase of the hair is called?

Anagen phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical term for dandruff?

Pityriasis Signup and view all the answers

What condition involves abnormal growth of hair?

Hypertrichosis Signup and view all the answers

A stable mixture of two or more mixable substances is known as?

Solution Signup and view all the answers

A sweet colorless oily substance is called?

Glycerin Signup and view all the answers

What type of chemical reaction easily transmits heat?

Exothermic Signup and view all the answers

Any substance that conducts electricity is called a?

Conductor Signup and view all the answers

What unit measures the strength of an electric current?

Amp Signup and view all the answers

What is thermal or heat producing current with a high rate of oscillation or vibration called?

Tesla-high frequency Signup and view all the answers

What forces acidic substances into deeper tissues using the galvanic current?

Cataphoresis Signup and view all the answers

Lines that are parallel to the floor are called?

Horizontal Signup and view all the answers

Curved lines used to soften and blend horizontal and vertical lines are known as?

Transitional lines Signup and view all the answers

The five principles of hair design are proportion, rhythm, emphasis, harmony, and?

Balance Signup and view all the answers

The generally ideal face shape is the?

Oval Signup and view all the answers

What part should be used to create width or height in a hairstyle?

Diagonal Signup and view all the answers

A process that lightens and colors the hair in a single application is known as?

Single process haircoloring Signup and view all the answers

Hair color that is mixed with the developer and remains in the hair shaft until new growth occurs is called?

Permanent Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of strength to the overall strength of hair does the cortex contribute?

80 Signup and view all the answers

The free-form technique of hair painting is also called?

Balayage Signup and view all the answers

The two methods of parting hair for a foil technique are?

Slicing and weaving Signup and view all the answers

What hair color partially penetrates the hair shaft and stains the cuticle layer, slowly fading with each shampoo?

Semipermanent Signup and view all the answers

An itchy swollen lesion that lasts only a few hours is called a?

Wheal Signup and view all the answers

A skin condition caused by inflammation of the sebaceous glands is called?

Seborrheic dermatitis Signup and view all the answers

An abnormal growth of skin is called?

Hypertrophy Signup and view all the answers

An abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular and irregular shape is called a?

Stain Signup and view all the answers

A fungal infection of the natural nail plate is called?

Onychomycosis Signup and view all the answers

Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows from the nail bed to the nail plate is a?

Pyogenic granuloma Signup and view all the answers

What is a noticeably thin white nail plate that is more flexible than normal called?

Eggshell nail Signup and view all the answers

The highest point on the head is called?

Apex Signup and view all the answers

What tool is used to remove bulk from the hair?

Thinning shears Signup and view all the answers

A one-length haircut is called?

Blunt Signup and view all the answers

The process of thinning hair to graduated lengths with shears is called?

Slithering Signup and view all the answers

The process of shaping and directing the hair into an S pattern is known as?

Fingerwaves Signup and view all the answers

Curls that permit medium movement are called?

Half stem Signup and view all the answers

What is used to create height in hair design?

Cascade curls Signup and view all the answers

Brushes used to speed up the blow-drying process are called?

Vent Signup and view all the answers

What adds considerable weight to the hair by causing strands to join together?

Pomade Signup and view all the answers

What gives a finished appearance to the hair ends?

End curls Signup and view all the answers

A board of fine upright nails through which human hair extensions are combed is a?

Hackle Signup and view all the answers

Narrow rows of visible braids that lie close to the scalp are called?

Cornrows Signup and view all the answers

Wigs that are constructed with a combination of synthetic hair and hand-tied human hair are called?

Semi-hand-tied Signup and view all the answers

What is the removal of hair by means of an electric current that destroys the growth cell of the hair?

Electrolysis Signup and view all the answers

What removes hair by extracting it from the bottom of the follicle?

Epilator Signup and view all the answers

What are chemical side bonds formed when sulfur atoms in adjacent protein chains are joined together?

Disulfide bonds Signup and view all the answers

What are perm rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length called?

Straight rods Signup and view all the answers

What colorless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor is the most common reducing agent?

Thioglycolic acid Signup and view all the answers

The perm wrap where hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod is known as?

Spiral wrap Signup and view all the answers

What relaxers are usually advertised and sold as no-lye relaxer containing two components that must be mixed in immediately prior to use?

Guanidine relaxer Signup and view all the answers

Skin with obvious large pores and a shiny thick appearance is called?

Oily skin Signup and view all the answers

Products that help remove excess dead cells from the skin surface are known as?

Exfoliants Signup and view all the answers

What is a light continuous stroking movement applied with the fingers or the palm called?

Effleurage Signup and view all the answers

What type of foundation contains more talc or pigment for heavier coverage?

Concealers Signup and view all the answers

What is the complementary color for green eyes?

Red Signup and view all the answers

What type of eyes can be lengthened by extending the shadow beyond the outer corner?

Round Signup and view all the answers

What is a comb-like brush used to remove excess mascara on lashes or to comb brows into place?

Lash and brow brush Signup and view all the answers

What is designed to loosen and dissolve dead tissue from the nail plate?

Cuticle remover Signup and view all the answers

What contains ingredients to reduce brittleness of the nail plate and moisturize the surrounding skin?

Nail conditioner Signup and view all the answers

What involves deep rubbing to the muscles?

Friction movement Signup and view all the answers

What product contains softening agents or oils to penetrate dry flaky skin and calluses?

Abrasive scrub Signup and view all the answers

What is used to exfoliate dry skin or smooth calluses?

Foot file Signup and view all the answers

What closely woven and heavy material is opaque even after adhesive is applied?

Linen Signup and view all the answers

Nail wraps are rebalanced with resin and new fabric after how many weeks?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What removes surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural nail?

Nail dehydrator Signup and view all the answers

When you have this, you are committed to a strong code of moral and artistic value?

Integrity Signup and view all the answers

What is a chain of five or more salons owned by one individual or two or more partners called?

Independent chain salon Signup and view all the answers

When you interview for a job, what should you project?

Warm smile Signup and view all the answers

What type of insurance should you purchase when opening your own business?

Malpractice Signup and view all the answers

What is considered the very best form of advertising?

A satisfied client Signup and view all the answers

What is a chemical mixture of concentrated protein used to provide treatment when an equal degree of moisturizing and protein is required?

Deep conditioner Signup and view all the answers

What type of water allows the soap and shampoo to lather freely?

Softwater Signup and view all the answers

What shampoo contains special chemicals or drugs that are effective in reducing excessive dandruff?

Medicated shampoo Signup and view all the answers

What is usually found in a cream base and used to soften and improve the health of the scalp?

Scalp conditioners Signup and view all the answers

A change in the physical properties of a substance without the formation of a new substance is called?

A physical change Signup and view all the answers

What is a positive affirmation for completing a task successfully?

:) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cosmetology Key Terms and Concepts

Kosmetikos: Greek origin meaning skilled in the study of cosmetics.
Self-Grooming in Ancient Cultures: Often associated with the practice of medicine.
Types of Goals: Include short-term and long-term objectives.
Footwear for Professionals: Comfortable, well-fitted shoes should ideally have low heels.

Client Interaction and Safety

Client Consultation: Essential verbal communication with clients to identify desired results.
OSHA: An agency under the Department of Labor focusing on workplace safety and health standards.

Microorganisms and Skin Health

Virus: A microorganism capable of infecting various organisms.
Nonpathogenic Bacteria: Harmless bacteria that do not cause disease.
HIV: The virus responsible for AIDS.
Antiseptics: Agents formulated for application on the skin to prevent infection.

Human Body and Anatomy

Cell Membrane: Acts as a barrier to contain protoplasm within cells.
Skeletal System: The physical foundation of the body.
Temporal Bone: Forms the sides of the head in the ear region.
Humerus: The largest bone of the arm.
Aponeurosis: The tendon connecting occipitalis and frontalis muscles.

Nervous System and Skin Biology

Superorbital Nerve: Affects skin sensitivity in the forehead and upper eyelids.
Digestive System: Also known as the gastrointestinal system.
Stratum Germinativum: The basal cell layer with varying cell shapes.
Nervous System Function: Controls the secretion of sweat.

Vitamins and Nutrients

Vitamin A: An antioxidant that may help in cancer prevention.
Blood: Supplies nutrients and oxygen to the skin.

Nail Structure and Care

Bed Epithelium: Thin layer of tissue connecting the nail plate to the nail bed.
Eponychium: Living skin at the base of the nail plate.
Nail Plate: The hardened keratin covering the nail bed.
Human Hair Structure: A mature hair strand consists of a root and a hair shaft.

Hair Chemistry and Growth

Disulfide Bonds: Chemical side bonds different from hydrogen or salt bonds.
Anagen Phase: The active growth phase of hair.
Pityriasis: Medical term for dandruff.
Hypertrichosis: Abnormal hair growth condition.

Chemistry and Electrical Concepts

Solution: A stable mixture of two or more substances.
Glycerin: A sweet, colorless, oily substance.
Exothermic Reaction: A chemical reaction that easily transmits heat.
Conductor: A substance that allows electricity to flow.

Hair Design Principles

Hair Design Principles: Include proportion, rhythm, emphasis, harmony, and balance.
Ideal Face Shape: The oval shape is generally considered most appealing.
Diagonal Lines: Used to create width or height in hairstyles.
Single Process Haircoloring: Lightens and colors hair in a single application.

Haircolor Techniques

Permanent Haircolor: Remains in the hair shaft until new growth occurs.
Cortex Strength Contribution: The cortex accounts for about 80% of hair's overall strength.
Balayage: A free-form hair painting technique.
Foil Techniques: Hair can be parted using either slicing or weaving methods.

Skin Conditions and Treatments

Wheal: An itchy, swollen lesion lasting a few hours.
Seborrheic Dermatitis: Skin condition caused by inflammation of sebaceous glands.
Hypertrophy: Abnormal skin growth.
Onychomycosis: Fungal infection affecting the natural nail plate.

Salon Operations and Practices

Independent Chain Salon: A salon owned by an individual or partners with multiple locations.
Projecting Warm Smile: Crucial during job interviews for creating a positive impression.
Malpractice Insurance: Recommended when opening a business in cosmetology.
Satisfied Client: Considered the best form of advertising for a salon.

Hair and Scalp Products

Deep Conditioner: A chemical mixture providing equal moisturizing and protein treatment.
Softwater: Allows soap and shampoo to lather effectively.
Medicated Shampoo: Contains chemicals to reduce dandruff.
Scalp Conditioners: Usually cream-based, aimed at improving scalp health.

Exfoliation and Massage Techniques

Exfoliants: Products that help remove dead skin cells.
Effleurage: A light, continuous stroking movement applied in a rhythmic manner.
Abrasive Scrub: Used to soften dry skin and calluses during pedicures.
Foot File: Tool for exfoliating dry skin or smoothing calluses.

Nail Care and Maintenance

Linen for Nail Wraps: A closely woven, heavy material that is opaque when adhesive is applied.
Nail Dehydrator: Removes moisture and oils from natural nails.
Integrity: Commitment to a strong moral and artistic code required in the profession.

Hair Care Tools

Thinning Shears: Tool used to remove bulk from hair.
Vent Brushes: Aid in speeding up the blow-drying process.
Hackle: A board with fine upright nails used to comb hair extensions.

Hair Styling Techniques

Fingerwaves: The process of shaping hair into an S pattern.
Dry Skin Solutions: Products designed to soften dry or flaky skin.
Cascade Curls: Technique used to create height in hairstyles.
Half Stem Curls: Curls that allow medium movement.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cosmetology concepts with these flashcards designed for the Massachusetts State Board exam. Each flashcard includes key terms and their definitions to help you prepare for your practice. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of cosmetics and self-grooming practices.