Mass Spectrometry Overview

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Questions and Answers

What are the principal differences between the particles?

The principal differences between the particles are their masses.

What are the effects of charged particles in electric and magnetic fields?

Charged particles, when subjected to electric or magnetic fields, experience deflection and/or acceleration. This phenomenon is utilized in mass spectrometers to separate and analyze various particles.

Mass spectrometry is used to measure the masses of particles.

True (A)

The relative masses of particles are measured using mass spectrometry.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the specialized instrument that measures the masses of ions?

<p>Mass Spectrometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass spectrometry is a technique that involves the use of magnetic and electric fields to measure the masses of ions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental principle behind mass spectrometry?

<p>The principle behind mass spectrometry is subjecting charged particles to controlled electric and magnetic fields, causing them to deflect differently based on their mass-to-charge ratio, leading to the separation and detection of different ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

All substances contain protons and electrons.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Electrons and protons carry equal and opposite charges.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Atoms can lose or gain an electron to form charged particles.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an atom gains an electron, it becomes positively charged.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an atom loses an electron in terms of charge?

<p>The atom becomes positively charged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to a positively charged atom?

<p>Cation</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are charged particles deflected in magnetic fields?

<p>Charged particles are deflected in magnetic fields according to their charge and velocity, with greater deflection for a greater charge or velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The path of a charged particle in a magnetic field is always a straight line.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the type of charge affect the path of a charged particle in a magnetic field?

<p>The type of charge on the particle determines the direction of the deflection in a magnetic field. Positively charged particles deflect in one direction, while negatively charged particles deflect in the opposite direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The paths of charged particles are also affected by the electric fields.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of electric fields on charged particles?

<p>Electric fields exert forces on charged particles, causing them to accelerate in the direction of the field.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of electric and magnetic fields in mass spectrometry.

<p>Electric and magnetic fields play a crucial role in mass spectrometry by separating and detecting different ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio. Electric fields accelerate the ions, while magnetic fields deflect them based on their charge and velocity, allowing for their separation and identification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mass Spectrometry

A technique used to separate and measure the masses of charged particles.

Positive Ion

Positively charged atoms or molecules formed when an atom loses an electron.

Negative Ion

Negatively charged atoms or molecules formed when an atom gains an electron.

Electric Force

The force exerted by an electric field on a charged particle.

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Magnetic Force

The force exerted by a magnetic field on a charged particle.

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Deflection of charged particles

The path of a charged particle is altered by the electric or magnetic fields.

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Charged particle deflection

The amount of deflection of a charged particle in a magnetic field is proportional to the charge and mass of the particle.

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Applications of Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is used to identify and quantify different substances.

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Fundamental Principle of Mass Spectrometry

The principle that charged particles are affected by electric and magnetic fields.

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Atomic Experiments

Early experiments on the atom used charged particles in electric and magnetic fields.

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Study Notes

Mass Spectrometry

  • Mass spectrometry separates charged particles with different masses and measures their masses
  • This technique also measures the relative amounts of different particles
  • Atoms in substances contain protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge)
  • If an atom loses an electron, it gains a positive charge (X+), forming a positively charged particle
  • If an atom gains an electron, it gains a negative charge (X-), forming a negatively charged particle
  • Charged particles are affected by electric, electrostatic, and magnetic fields
  • The paths of charged particles are changed (deflected) by these fields
  • Early scientists used these phenomena to study atoms

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