Mary I and Elizabeth I
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Questions and Answers

Who was Mary I married to?

  • King Charles V of the Holy Roman Empire
  • King Henry II of England
  • King Francis I of France
  • King Philip II of Spain (correct)

    • When did Mary I rule England?

  • 1545-1550
  • 1553-1558 (correct)
  • 1560-1565
  • 1570-1575

    • Who succeeded Mary I on the throne of England?

  • Catherine of Aragon
  • Anne Boleyn
  • Jane Seymour
  • Elizabeth I (correct)

    • What was the impact of Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon on Mary?

    <p>She was declared illegitimate and lost her right to inherit the throne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the challenges Elizabeth faced when she inherited the kingdom?

    <p>A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Elizabeth's initial approach to religion?

    <p>Creating an inclusive Protestant Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who helped Elizabeth reinstate a more moderate form of Protestantism in England?

    <p>William Cecil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Elizabethan Religious Settlement also known as?

    <p>The 'middle way'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What title was Elizabeth given in the Church of England to appeal to those who objected to a woman as head of the Church?

    <p>Supreme Governor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the requirement for all clergy and royal officials in the new Church of England?

    <p>To swear the Oath of Allegiance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the new Church of England introduce for everyone's attendance?

    <p>Book of Common Prayer in English</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of Elizabeth's approaches to her royal power?

    <p>She was more involved in the day-to-day running of the country than her father</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did Elizabeth take regarding the size of the council?

    <p>She reduced the size of the council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the challenges Elizabeth faced in navigating the religious landscape?

    <p>Being a moderate Protestant in a kingdom where her sister had restored Catholicism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the requirement for all churches in the new Church of England?

    <p>To be uniform in appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Elizabeth's approach to addressing England's economic hardship and debt?

    <p>Selecting capable advisors to help her rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became the heir to the throne after Henry VIII's long-awaited son was born?

    <p>Edward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who declared Lady Jane Grey as queen after Edward's death?

    <p>Northumberland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Mary I's nickname due to her actions towards Protestants?

    <p>Bloody Mary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did Mary I marry in 1554, causing disapproval in England?

    <p>Philip of Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who inherited the throne after Mary I's death?

    <p>Elizabeth I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Elizabeth I suspected of during the reigns of her half-siblings, Edward and Mary?

    <p>Involvement in plots to seize the throne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did Elizabeth I spend time during her half-sister Mary's reign, fearing execution?

    <p>Tower of London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I?

    <p>Religious turmoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who plotted to put Lady Jane Grey on the throne after Henry VIII's death?

    <p>Dukes of Northumberland and Suffolk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to war with France during Mary I's reign?

    <p>Failure to produce an heir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was executed after being declared queen by Northumberland?

    <p>Lady Jane Grey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became king after Henry VIII's death?

    <p>Edward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became king after Henry VIII's death?

    <p>Edward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Mary I married to?

    <p>Philip of Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Mary I's nickname due to her actions towards Protestants?

    <p>Bloody Mary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who succeeded Mary I on the throne of England?

    <p>Elizabeth I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who declared Lady Jane Grey as queen after Edward's death?

    <p>Northumberland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I?

    <p>Religious turmoil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did Elizabeth I spend time during her half-sister Mary's reign, fearing execution?

    <p>Tower of London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Elizabeth's initial approach to religion?

    <p>Moderate Protestantism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of Elizabeth's approaches to her royal power?

    <p>Cautious and diplomatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who helped Elizabeth reinstate a more moderate form of Protestantism in England?

    <p>William Cecil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to war with France during Mary I's reign?

    <p>Failure to produce an heir</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the challenges Elizabeth faced when she inherited the kingdom?

    <p>Instability and danger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who declared Lady Jane Grey as queen after Edward's death?

    <p>The dukes of Northumberland and Suffolk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Mary I's nickname due to her actions to restore the Catholic faith in England?

    <p>Bloody Mary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Mary I married to?

    <p>Philip of Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who inherited the throne after Mary I's death?

    <p>Elizabeth I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Elizabeth I suspected of during the reigns of her half-siblings, Edward and Mary?

    <p>Being involved in plots to seize the throne</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did Elizabeth spend time during her half-sister Mary's reign, fearing execution?

    <p>Tower of London</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the religious turmoil and power struggles during the reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I primarily about?

    <p>Maintaining or changing England's religious identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who became the heir to the throne after Edward's birth?

    <p>Edward, Henry VIII's long-awaited son</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Mary I's marriage to Philip of Spain?

    <p>Disapproval in England and war with France</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was Elizabeth interrogated and feared execution during Mary I's reign?

    <p>Due to her Protestant leanings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary motivation behind the plots to put Lady Jane Grey on the throne?

    <p>To maintain Protestant control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Mary I's attempts to restore the Catholic faith in England?

    <p>Ordered the execution of many Protestants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Queen Elizabeth I: Challenges and Achievements

    • Elizabeth inherited a kingdom with various issues, including a government filled with powerful Catholics and significant debts.
    • She faced the challenge of selecting capable advisors to help her rule, while also addressing England's economic hardship and debt.
    • Elizabeth had to navigate the religious landscape, being a moderate Protestant in a kingdom where her sister had restored Catholicism.
    • She needed to establish her legitimacy as the rightful queen, as her father had called her illegitimate and her mother was unpopular.
    • Elizabeth was careful and protective of her royal power, ruling her court as powerfully as her father, and being more involved in the day-to-day running of the country than him.
    • She reduced the size of the council, replacing some of Mary's councillors with new, loyal, and capable members, including William Cecil and Robert Dudley.
    • Elizabeth's initial approach to religion was to create an inclusive Protestant Church, but she later persecuted Catholics, leading to England becoming a Protestant country by the time of her death.
    • With the help of William Cecil, Elizabeth reinstated a more moderate form of Protestantism in England, creating the Elizabethan Religious Settlement.
    • The settlement, also known as the 'middle way', made England Protestant but compromised to keep Catholics within the new Church.
    • Elizabeth was titled Supreme Governor, rather than Supreme Head, of the Church of England, to appeal to those who objected to a woman as head of the Church.
    • All clergy and royal officials were required to swear the Oath of Allegiance to the new Church of England, and all churches were to be uniform in appearance.
    • The new Church required attendance by everyone, introduced a Book of Common Prayer in English, allowed church music, and permitted Protestant priests to marry and wear vestments.

    The Reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I

    • In 1537, Jane gave birth to Edward, Henry VIII's long-awaited son, who became the heir to the throne.
    • After Henry VIII's death in 1547, his son Edward became king at the age of nine, but fell seriously ill within five years.
    • Powerful men, including the dukes of Northumberland and Suffolk, plotted to put Lady Jane Grey on the throne as queen to maintain Protestant control.
    • When Edward died, Northumberland declared Jane to be queen, but Mary, Edward's Catholic sister, announced herself as the rightful queen, leading to Jane's imprisonment and execution.
    • Mary I, also known as "Bloody Mary," attempted to restore the Catholic faith in England and ordered the execution of many Protestants, earning her the nickname.
    • Mary's marriage to the Catholic king Philip of Spain in 1554 was met with disapproval in England, and she failed to produce an heir, leading to war with France.
    • Mary died in 1558, and Elizabeth I, daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, inherited the throne.
    • Born in 1533, Elizabeth was the daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn, who was executed on charges of treason, leaving Elizabeth third in line to the throne.
    • Elizabeth faced instability and danger during the reigns of her half-siblings, Edward and Mary, as she was suspected of being involved in plots to seize the throne.
    • Elizabeth was interrogated and spent time in the Tower of London during her half-sister Mary's reign, fearing execution due to her Protestant leanings.
    • In November 1558, Elizabeth learned about the death of Mary I, and she inherited the throne, becoming Elizabeth I.
    • The reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I were marked by religious turmoil, power struggles, and the efforts to maintain or change England's religious identity.

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    Test your knowledge of the tumultuous reigns of Mary I and Elizabeth I with this quiz. From religious conflicts to power struggles, see how well you know the key events and figures of this pivotal period in English history.

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