Marketing and Ethics

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes how marketing can contribute to human flourishing?

  • By promoting superficial desires and materialistic values.
  • By manipulating consumers through associative advertising.
  • By providing helpful knowledge about products and informing consumer decisions. (correct)
  • By encroaching into personal privacy with intrusive communication.

Associative advertising, as discussed by Kilbourne, primarily aims to:

  • Promote critical thinking about advertising messages.
  • Provide consumers factual information about a product's features.
  • Encourage consumers to resist manipulative marketing tactics.
  • Equate a product or service with positive human values to enhance its appeal. (correct)

Which of the following is an example of how marketing might work against human flourishing?

  • By respecting human dignity and personal boundaries in advertising.
  • By informing consumer decision-making processes.
  • By fostering consumerism and potentially harmful behaviors. (correct)
  • By creating exchanges that benefit both persons and communities.

According to the materials, which principle is essential for ethical marketing?

<p>Promoting and defending human dignity and personal boundaries. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ethical marketing, what does practicing the 'least invasive form of communication' entail?

<p>Respecting consumer privacy and minimizing intrusion. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why, according to Terrill, are ethics so important for investment banking?

<p>To serve the common good. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the paramount loyalty that Accountants should have?

<p>To the public, ensuring honesty and transparency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Enron's ethical failures, which area was NOT explicitly mentioned as a violation of ethical norms?

<p>Environmental Sustainability. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept is used to describe marketing's pervasiveness and subtle influence on our daily lives?

<p>The 'air we breathe'. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, how does unethical accounting most likely occur?

<p>When accountants prioritize loyalty to their firm over public trust. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions exemplifies promoting the value of truth in transformed marketing?

<p>Rejecting deception and manipulation in advertising. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might marketing be considered 'more than a mirror of culture'?

<p>It shapes beliefs, values, and behaviors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that could cause an ethical problem for an accountant?

<p>An accountant has conflicting loyalties between the organisation and the public. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle, if violated by Enron, would relate to their responsibility to the broader community and stakeholders?

<p>Breach of stakeholder responsibilities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes financial ethics from other areas of business ethics?

<p>Financial ethics involves unique norms related to trust and market stability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the material, what could be considered an unethical action in finance?

<p>Employing 'techniques' that mislead or harm stakeholders. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Rae/Wong, what should marketing do for vulnerable people like children and the elderly??

<p>Respect everyone, especially those who are vulnerable. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Sherron Watkins known for in the context of Enron?

<p>For being a whistleblower who exposed Enron's unethical practices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents the ethical issue presented by the encroachment of marketing into many areas of human life?

<p>It risks manipulating individuals by subtly pervading their personal spaces and values. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a discussion topic related to ethics in marketing?

<p>How marketing can 'serve' the customer, community. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

How marketing enables human flourishing

Marketing provides consumers with helpful product and company information, informs their decisions, and creates beneficial exchanges for individuals and communities.

How marketing can work against human flourishing

This involves using imagery and associations to link products with human values, employing manipulation and coercion, invading personal spaces, and potentially promoting harmful beliefs and behaviors.

Transformed Marketing

Ethical marketing involves promoting human dignity, respecting personal boundaries, valuing truth, avoiding deception, protecting vulnerable populations, and using minimally invasive communication methods.

Accounting: Science or Art?

Accounting is seen as a 'mathematical science' emphasizing precision, while others view it as an 'interpretive art' allowing for subjective judgment.

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Accountant's Ethical Conflicts

Accountants face ethical dilemmas because they have obligations both to their organization and to the public, which can lead to conflicts of interest.

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Enron's Ethical Violations

Enron violated ethical norms through failures in leadership, disregard for employee dignity, misleading advertising, and unethical accounting and financial practices.

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Source of Enron's Ethical Failure

The Enron failure shows the failure was system-wide, not just isolated incidents.

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Whistleblowing on Enron

Acting ethically, even with potential personal or professional repercussions, is crucial for maintaining integrity.

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Ethically responsible professional

Individuals who are willing to speak out against unethical practices in their organization, despite potential risks.

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Study Notes

Marketing and Human Flourishing

  • Marketing provides knowledge on products and companies.
  • Marketing informs consumer decision-making.
  • Marketing involves exchanges that benefit people and communities.
  • Branding signifies particular attributes consumers look for.

Marketing's Drawbacks

  • Associative advertising equates images and products with human values like feeling, emotion, and self-worth.
  • Marketing involves manipulation, persuasion, and coercion.
  • Marketing encroaches into physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of human life.
  • Marketing shapes beliefs, values, and behaviors that can harm people and communities.
  • Marketing can promote materialism, consumerism, selfishness/narcissism, sexism, and racism.

Ethical Marketing

  • Transformed Marketing is ethical and promotes human dignity and personal boundaries.
  • Ethical marketing values truth and rejects deception/manipulation.
  • Ethical marketing respects and promotes dignity of the vulnerable, including children and the elderly.
  • Ethical marketing practices the least invasive forms of communication.
  • Flow Motors provides an example of ethical advertising practices.

Ethics and Financial Markets

  • Investment banking should serve the common good.
  • Financial ethics include investment, accounting, and considerations beyond.
  • Certain techniques in finance imply unethical actions.
  • Important moral principles should be applied to financial ethics, which might differ from other business ethics.
  • Restoring trust is needed in financial markets.
  • Enron provides an example of a company not following ethical principles or norms.

Ethics in Accounting

  • Accounting is regarded as a mathematical science or an interpretive art.
  • Ethical problems occur when accountants have obligations to both the organization and the public (stockbrokers, stockholders, society, etc.)
  • These commitments become clearer whether working for a firm/client or as an auditor.
  • Accountants are obligated to tell the truth, regardless of their role.
  • Enron's accounting firm, Arthur Anderson, committed unethical acts.
  • Whistleblowers play a role in ethically responsible accounting.

Enron Scandals

  • Ken Lay, Jeff Skilling, and Andy Fastow's moral character is questionable.
  • Enron violated ethical norms related to management, leadership, employee dignity, employer/employee relations, advertising, marketing, accounting, investment, finance, and stakeholder responsibilities.
  • Enron's failure could be due to a few "bad apples" or a "rotten barrel."
  • Sharon Watkins and others did the right thing in blowing the whistle on Enron.
  • The Milligram experiment explains the behavior of Enron workers.
  • The Enron story provides important moral lessons.

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