Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of Porter's five forces that influence market profitability?
Which of the following is NOT one of Porter's five forces that influence market profitability?
- Market growth rate (correct)
- Rivalry among firms in the industry
- Supplier power
- Buyer power
What does Porter's value chain model help a firm to identify?
What does Porter's value chain model help a firm to identify?
- Where value is added and costs are isolated (correct)
- Key success factors
- Supplier power
- Market trends
Access to which of the following is considered a key success factor in achieving marketing objectives?
Access to which of the following is considered a key success factor in achieving marketing objectives?
- Essential unique resources (correct)
- High customer satisfaction
- Competitive pricing
- Unique marketing strategies
Which factor may influence the distribution channels available to a firm?
Which factor may influence the distribution channels available to a firm?
What is a common result of changes in market trends?
What is a common result of changes in market trends?
How does the threat of substitute products impact market profitability?
How does the threat of substitute products impact market profitability?
Which of the following factors is NOT related to industry cost structure?
Which of the following factors is NOT related to industry cost structure?
Which of the following might change over time as a product progresses through its life cycle?
Which of the following might change over time as a product progresses through its life cycle?
What is the primary goal of market analysis in the context of international business?
What is the primary goal of market analysis in the context of international business?
Which of the following is NOT a key factor in market analysis according to David A. Aaker?
Which of the following is NOT a key factor in market analysis according to David A. Aaker?
Which method is suggested for forecasting market growth rate accurately?
Which method is suggested for forecasting market growth rate accurately?
What does the term 'market segmentation' refer to in the marketing process?
What does the term 'market segmentation' refer to in the marketing process?
What is a significant factor to consider when selecting a foreign market?
What is a significant factor to consider when selecting a foreign market?
In the context of market size evaluation, which data source is considered relevant?
In the context of market size evaluation, which data source is considered relevant?
What is the main purpose of positioning in marketing?
What is the main purpose of positioning in marketing?
Which of the following reflects an aspect of industry cost structure in market analysis?
Which of the following reflects an aspect of industry cost structure in market analysis?
Which political system is characterized by collective goals and typically involves socialism?
Which political system is characterized by collective goals and typically involves socialism?
What is a key consideration for marketers when evaluating the economic environment?
What is a key consideration for marketers when evaluating the economic environment?
Which question is essential when assessing the political environment for international marketing?
Which question is essential when assessing the political environment for international marketing?
How does technology impact the production of products and services?
How does technology impact the production of products and services?
What area does NOT fall under social-cultural considerations in marketing?
What area does NOT fall under social-cultural considerations in marketing?
Why is it important to study government policies regarding marketing ethics?
Why is it important to study government policies regarding marketing ethics?
Which factor is important in assessing the technological environment?
Which factor is important in assessing the technological environment?
What should marketers consider about the population's attitude towards environmental issues?
What should marketers consider about the population's attitude towards environmental issues?
Which of the following is a factor in determining the attractiveness of a foreign market?
Which of the following is a factor in determining the attractiveness of a foreign market?
What distinguishes common law from civil law?
What distinguishes common law from civil law?
Which of the following is NOT a PEST analysis modification?
Which of the following is NOT a PEST analysis modification?
What is a potential first-mover advantage in entering a foreign market?
What is a potential first-mover advantage in entering a foreign market?
Which legal system is characterized by strict adherence to a comprehensive set of codes?
Which legal system is characterized by strict adherence to a comprehensive set of codes?
What does the term 'late entry' refer to in market strategy?
What does the term 'late entry' refer to in market strategy?
Which of the following factors does NOT influence economic potential in a foreign market?
Which of the following factors does NOT influence economic potential in a foreign market?
What disadvantage might a first mover face in entering a new market?
What disadvantage might a first mover face in entering a new market?
What is one of the challenges of being a first-mover in a market?
What is one of the challenges of being a first-mover in a market?
Why is market segmentation important for a company's marketing strategy?
Why is market segmentation important for a company's marketing strategy?
What is a potential benefit of effective market segmentation?
What is a potential benefit of effective market segmentation?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when selecting target markets?
Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when selecting target markets?
What does the PEST model primarily analyze?
What does the PEST model primarily analyze?
Which of these is NOT considered a core element of positioning in marketing?
Which of these is NOT considered a core element of positioning in marketing?
Which statement summarizes the outcome of successful market analysis?
Which statement summarizes the outcome of successful market analysis?
What role do regulators play in the context of pioneering costs?
What role do regulators play in the context of pioneering costs?
Flashcards
Democracy
Democracy
A political system where the government is controlled by the people, either directly or through elected representatives.
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism
A political system where one person or party holds absolute power over all aspects of life.
Collectivism
Collectivism
A political philosophy emphasizing collective goals and social responsibility.
Individualism
Individualism
A political philosophy emphasizing individual rights and freedoms.
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Key Success Factors
Key Success Factors
Factors determining a company's success in a specific market.
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Political Environment Stability
Political Environment Stability
The overall stability and predictability of a country's political system.
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Government Policy Influence
Government Policy Influence
The impact of a country's existing laws and regulations on businesses.
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Government Position on Marketing Ethics
Government Position on Marketing Ethics
The level of acceptance and approval for ethical marketing practices within a country.
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Market Analysis Goal
Market Analysis Goal
Analyzing a potential market to understand its attractiveness and identify opportunities and threats related to company strengths and weaknesses.
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Market Size
Market Size
The size of the market measured based on present and potential sales. Determine the market size using government data, trade associations, financial data from major players, and customer surveys.
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Market Growth Rate
Market Growth Rate
The rate at which the market is growing, which can be estimated by extrapolating historical data or studying growth drivers like demography and sales of complementary products
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PEST Analysis
PEST Analysis
A framework that helps identify external factors that can impact business operations. These factors include political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal aspects.
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Industry Cost Structure
Industry Cost Structure
Analyzing the cost structure of the industry, which includes factors like raw materials, manufacturing, and distribution costs, to understand profitability potential.
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Distribution Channels
Distribution Channels
Understanding the distribution channels available for delivering products or services to the customer.
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Market Trends
Market Trends
Analyzing the trends that are shaping the market, such as technological advancements, consumer preferences, or regulatory changes.
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Market Profitability
Market Profitability
The average profit potential of a market. It indicates how easy or difficult it is to make money in that market.
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Porter's Five Forces
Porter's Five Forces
A framework that identifies five factors influencing market profitability: Buyer power, Supplier power, Barriers to entry, Threat of substitute products, and Rivalry among firms.
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Porter's Value Chain
Porter's Value Chain
A model that breaks down the activities involved in creating and delivering a product. It helps understand where value is added and where costs occur.
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Market Size and Growth Rate
Market Size and Growth Rate
The size of the market and its growth rate. This helps assess the potential of a market and its future prospects.
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Common Law
Common Law
A legal system based on traditions, precedents, and customs. Decisions are made by judges based on previous rulings and interpretations.
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Civil Law
Civil Law
A legal system based on a comprehensive set of written laws organized into codes. Judges apply these codes to specific cases.
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Theocratic Law
Theocratic Law
A legal system based on religious teachings, with laws derived from sacred texts and interpretations by religious authorities.
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Property Rights
Property Rights
The legal rights to own and control property, including tangible assets like land and buildings, and intangible assets like intellectual property.
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Corruption
Corruption
The likelihood of individuals or firms engaging in corrupt practices, such as bribery, extortion, and influence peddling.
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Intellectual Property Protection
Intellectual Property Protection
The protection of creations of the mind, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, and symbols, signs, and images used in commerce.
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Timing Of Entry
Timing Of Entry
The timing of entry into a foreign market, with early entry occurring before other foreign firms and late entry happening after.
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First Mover Advantages
First Mover Advantages
The advantages gained by being the first to enter a foreign market, such as establishing brand recognition, controlling resources, and building market share.
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First to Market, First to Fail
First to Market, First to Fail
The challenge of being the first to introduce a product or service to a market, often entailing significant costs and risks, despite the potential advantages of early adoption.
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Pioneering Costs
Pioneering Costs
The costs associated with being the first mover in a market, including building brand awareness, establishing supply chains, training teams, and working with regulators.
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Market Segmentation
Market Segmentation
The process of dividing a larger target market into smaller, more homogeneous groups with similar characteristics and needs.
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Market Analysis and Selection
Market Analysis and Selection
The process of evaluating the attractiveness of different markets based on factors like market size, growth potential, competition, and regulatory environment.
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Positioning
Positioning
The strategy of positioning your product or brand in a specific way in the minds of target customers, differentiating it from competitors.
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Marketing Mix
Marketing Mix
A list of actions and decisions a company takes to reach its marketing goals, including product, price, promotion, and place.
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Building a Brand
Building a Brand
The process of creating a strong and recognizable image for a product or brand in the minds of customers through consistent messaging, branding, and marketing efforts.
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Market Selection and Segmentation
- International business and international management topics include market selection and segmentation.
Content of the Topic
- Marketing process and market analysis are included
- Basic entry decisions are also included
Marketing Process and Analysis
- Selecting markets involves analyzing market and environmental attractiveness.
- Market segmentation involves identifying bases for segmenting the market and developing segment profiles.
- Market targeting involves selecting target markets based on a strategy.
- Positioning involves developing positioning for target markets, building a brand and creating a marketing mix for each segment.
Market Selection
- Determining attractive markets for a company's business, and the reasons why.
Basic Entry Decisions
- Identifying foreign markets
- Timing of entry
Market Analysis by David A. Aaker
- Market Size: Assessing current and future market size using government data, trade association information, financial data from major players, and customer surveys.
- Market Growth Rate: Forecasting growth rates using historical data and studying influential factors like demographics and sales growth in related products. Average annual growth rate in GDP and purchasing power parity per capita are used as indices.
- Market Profitability: A measure of the average profit potential useful for evaluating market attractiveness. Michael Porter's five forces framework examines buyer power, supplier power, barriers to entry, threat of substitute products, and rivalry among firms in the industry to evaluate market profitability.
- Industry Cost Structure: Understanding cost structures to identify key success factors using Porter's value chain model to define value addition and costs.
- Distribution Channels: Analyzing existing channels—how direct they are to the customer—and emerging channels. Channel power structure involves the negotiating leverage of retailers and how this impacts product margins.
- Market Trends: Trends in markets (industry-dependent) that could lead to opportunities or threats. Examples involve price sensitivity, demand for variety, level of emphasis on support services, and regional trends. Tools like Google Trends and Consumer Barometer can be helpful.
- Key Success Factors: Identifying elements necessary to achieve marketing objectives, including access to unique resources, achieving economies of scale, and access to distribution channels. Key success factors can change over time.
PEST Analysis
- Political: Government type, policies, regulations like tax and trade policies, stability of the political environment
- Economic: Economic growth/contraction, inflation rates, interest rates, exchange rates, disposable income and unemployment rates
- Social: Literacy, lifestyle trends, cultural values, media views, important social demographics, and company image
- Technological: Technological improvements, level of innovation, automation, technological change, R&D activity and how technology supports businesses.
- Ethical: Addressing legal ethical standards.
- Environmental: Environmental policies, weather, climate change, concerns of stakeholders
Legal System
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Common law: Based on traditions, precedents, and customs
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Civil law: A detailed set of laws organized into codes (common in more than 80 countries)
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Theocratic law: Based on religious teachings (e.g., Islamic law)
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Property rights and corruption
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Protection of intellectual property (e.g., patents, copyrights, trademarks)
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Health and safety laws
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Discrimination laws
Timing of Entry
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Early entry: Entering a foreign market before other firms.
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Late entry: Entering a foreign market after other firms.
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First-mover advantages can include brand recognition, stronger brand loyalty, building sales volume, building a reliable brand or controlling resources such as locations or contracts.
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First-mover disadvantages can involve high pioneering costs, creating totally new supply and distribution chains (expensive), getting regulators to develop frameworks, and educating the local market which could take time and be risky.
Benefits of Market Segmentation
- Growing profits
- Strong market messaging
- Targeted digital advertising
- Developing effective marketing strategies
- Attracting the right customers
- Increasing brand loyalty
- Differentiating the brand from competitors
- Product development
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