10 Questions
What is the primary component of tuberculin, and what type of immune reaction is triggered by its introduction in the Mantoux test?
Tuberculin is a culture filtrate containing a large array of mycobacterial antigens, and its introduction triggers a delayed-type hypersensitivity immune reaction.
What is the significance of mature memory T-cells in the body in relation to the Mantoux test?
Mature memory T-cells accumulate in the body as a result of primary immunization and store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria, which is relevant to the Mantoux test.
What are the possible causes of a positive Mantoux reaction, and what challenges do doctors face in interpreting the results?
A positive Mantoux reaction can be caused by BCG vaccination, sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, or infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria. Doctors face difficulties in interpreting the results due to low specificity and high false positive reactions, leading to overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment.
What is the potential consequence of a positive reaction being regarded as post-vaccination in the presence of an active tuberculosis infection?
A positive reaction being regarded as post-vaccination in the presence of an active tuberculosis infection can lead to a high risk of developing the disease.
Why is it essential to consider the limitations of the Mantoux test, including its low specificity and high false positive reactions?
It is essential to consider the limitations of the Mantoux test because low specificity and high false positive reactions can lead to overdiagnosis and unnecessary treatment, which can have negative consequences for patients.
How do mature memory T-cells accumulated in the body as a result of primary immunization affect the interpretation of the Mantoux test?
Mature memory T-cells accumulated in the body as a result of primary immunization against mycobacterium tuberculosis store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria, which can trigger an immune reaction upon introduction of tuberculin, leading to a positive Mantoux reaction.
What limitations of the Mantoux test make it challenging for doctors to interpret the results and decide on further treatment?
The low specificity and high percentage of false positive reactions of the Mantoux test make it challenging for doctors to interpret the results and decide on further treatment.
How does the immune reaction triggered by the introduction of tuberculin in the Mantoux test differ from other types of immune reactions?
The immune reaction triggered by the introduction of tuberculin in the Mantoux test is of the delayed-type hypersensitivity type.
What is the significance of the type of mycobacterial antigens present in tuberculin in relation to the Mantoux test?
The type of mycobacterial antigens present in tuberculin, characteristic of both tuberculous and non-tuberculous, and vaccine strains of mycobacteria, affects the specificity of the Mantoux test.
What is the consequence of a false positive Mantoux test result, particularly in the presence of active tuberculosis infection?
A false positive Mantoux test result can lead to overdiagnosis of the disease and unreasonable prescribing of preventive therapy, and in the presence of active tuberculosis infection, can mask the true diagnosis.
Study Notes
Mantoux Test
- The intradermal Mantoux test has been used for tuberculin diagnostics in the country for almost 100 years.
- The test uses tuberculin, a culture filtrate containing a large array of mycobacterial antigens, to determine specific sensibilization of the body to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT).
Mechanism of the Mantoux Test
- Primary immunization against MBT through BCG vaccination leads to the accumulation of mature memory T-cells in the body, which store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria.
- The introduction of tuberculin triggers an immune reaction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity type.
- A positive Mantoux reaction develops in response to:
- BCG vaccination
- Sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria
- Infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria
Limitations of the Mantoux Test
- Low specificity and a high percentage of false positive reactions can lead to:
- Overdiagnosis of the disease
- Unreasonable prescribing of preventive therapy
- A positive reaction may be misinterpreted as post-vaccination in the presence of active tuberculosis infection and a high risk of developing the disease.
Mantoux Test
- The intradermal Mantoux test has been used for tuberculin diagnostics in the country for almost 100 years.
- The test uses tuberculin, a culture filtrate containing a large array of mycobacterial antigens, to determine specific sensibilization of the body to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT).
Mechanism of the Mantoux Test
- Primary immunization against MBT through BCG vaccination leads to the accumulation of mature memory T-cells in the body, which store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria.
- The introduction of tuberculin triggers an immune reaction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity type.
- A positive Mantoux reaction develops in response to:
- BCG vaccination
- Sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria
- Infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria
Limitations of the Mantoux Test
- Low specificity and a high percentage of false positive reactions can lead to:
- Overdiagnosis of the disease
- Unreasonable prescribing of preventive therapy
- A positive reaction may be misinterpreted as post-vaccination in the presence of active tuberculosis infection and a high risk of developing the disease.
The quiz covers the Mantoux test, a diagnostic method used to determine specific sensibilization of the body to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It discusses the composition of tuberculin and its significance in tuberculin diagnostics.
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