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Questions and Answers
What type of hypersensitivity is triggered by the introduction of tuberculin in the intradermal Mantoux test?
delayed-type hypersensitivity
What is the main component of tuberculin?
a large array of mycobacterial antigens
What is the result of a positive Mantoux reaction?
sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria, BCG vaccination, or infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria
What is the limitation of the Mantoux test?
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What is the risk of a positive reaction in the presence of an active tuberculosis infection?
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What is the purpose of using tuberculin in the intradermal Mantoux test?
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What type of immune reaction occurs when tuberculin is introduced into the body?
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What can make it difficult for doctors to interpret the results of the Mantoux test?
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What can be mistaken for a post-vaccination reaction in the Mantoux test?
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What accumulates in the body as a result of primary immunization against mycobacterium tuberculosis?
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Study Notes
Mantoux Test
- The intradermal Mantoux test has been used for tuberculin diagnostics in the country for almost 100 years.
- The test uses tuberculin, a culture filtrate containing a large array of mycobacterial antigens, to determine specific sensibilization of the body to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT).
Mechanism of the Mantoux Test
- Primary immunization against MBT through BCG vaccination leads to the accumulation of mature memory T-cells in the body, which store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria.
- The introduction of tuberculin triggers an immune reaction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity type.
- A positive Mantoux reaction develops in response to:
- BCG vaccination
- Sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria
- Infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria
Limitations of the Mantoux Test
- Low specificity and a high percentage of false positive reactions can lead to:
- Overdiagnosis of the disease
- Unreasonable prescribing of preventive therapy
- A positive reaction may be misinterpreted as post-vaccination in the presence of active tuberculosis infection and a high risk of developing the disease.
Mantoux Test
- The intradermal Mantoux test has been used for tuberculin diagnostics in the country for almost 100 years.
- The test uses tuberculin, a culture filtrate containing a large array of mycobacterial antigens, to determine specific sensibilization of the body to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT).
Mechanism of the Mantoux Test
- Primary immunization against MBT through BCG vaccination leads to the accumulation of mature memory T-cells in the body, which store information about the antigenic properties of mycobacteria.
- The introduction of tuberculin triggers an immune reaction of the delayed-type hypersensitivity type.
- A positive Mantoux reaction develops in response to:
- BCG vaccination
- Sensibilization with non-tuberculous mycobacteria
- Infection with tuberculosis Mycobacteria
Limitations of the Mantoux Test
- Low specificity and a high percentage of false positive reactions can lead to:
- Overdiagnosis of the disease
- Unreasonable prescribing of preventive therapy
- A positive reaction may be misinterpreted as post-vaccination in the presence of active tuberculosis infection and a high risk of developing the disease.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of the Mantoux test, a diagnostic tool used to determine the presence of mycobacterial antigens in the body. It also explores the role of tuberculin and BCG vaccination in the fight against tuberculosis.
