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Questions and Answers
How long does it take for a mango tree to start bearing fruit?
How long does it take for a mango tree to start bearing fruit?
What is one of the expected qualities of mangoes when growing a mango sapling?
What is one of the expected qualities of mangoes when growing a mango sapling?
From which fruits should seeds be collected for best results?
From which fruits should seeds be collected for best results?
What factor is NOT considered when selecting the best seeds?
What factor is NOT considered when selecting the best seeds?
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What should be avoided when harvesting seeds?
What should be avoided when harvesting seeds?
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Which plant characteristic is NOT useful in seed selection?
Which plant characteristic is NOT useful in seed selection?
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What should be the primary focus when cultivating any fruit or vegetable?
What should be the primary focus when cultivating any fruit or vegetable?
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What is the purpose of collecting pollen grains from flowers for artificial pollination?
What is the purpose of collecting pollen grains from flowers for artificial pollination?
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When should pollen grains be collected for artificial pollination?
When should pollen grains be collected for artificial pollination?
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Which agricultural research centre focuses on tuber crops?
Which agricultural research centre focuses on tuber crops?
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What is hybridization primarily used for in agriculture?
What is hybridization primarily used for in agriculture?
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Which of the following is NOT a hybrid seed mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a hybrid seed mentioned in the content?
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Which type of reproduction involves the production of new saplings from vegetative parts of plants?
Which type of reproduction involves the production of new saplings from vegetative parts of plants?
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What should be selected for better seed yield?
What should be selected for better seed yield?
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Which part of a plant can be used for vegetative propagation?
Which part of a plant can be used for vegetative propagation?
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Which of the following fruit collection methods yields seeds with a damaged seed coat?
Which of the following fruit collection methods yields seeds with a damaged seed coat?
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Which plant can reproduce through both sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation?
Which plant can reproduce through both sexual reproduction and vegetative propagation?
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What type of seeds are typically formed through sexual reproduction?
What type of seeds are typically formed through sexual reproduction?
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Which option describes seeds selected from an infected plant?
Which option describes seeds selected from an infected plant?
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Which fruit type is associated with high-yielding plants?
Which fruit type is associated with high-yielding plants?
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Which of the following statements is true about sapling formation?
Which of the following statements is true about sapling formation?
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What is the first step in the budding process of a jackfruit tree?
What is the first step in the budding process of a jackfruit tree?
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At what stage is the scion attached to the root stock?
At what stage is the scion attached to the root stock?
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What should be done when the bud starts to grow well?
What should be done when the bud starts to grow well?
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Which type of pollination combines the qualities of both chilli plant varieties?
Which type of pollination combines the qualities of both chilli plant varieties?
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What is the first action to take during artificial pollination?
What is the first action to take during artificial pollination?
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Why is the flower wrapped in artificial pollination?
Why is the flower wrapped in artificial pollination?
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What potential advantage do hybrid seeds offer compared to regular seeds?
What potential advantage do hybrid seeds offer compared to regular seeds?
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What must be ensured when conducting cross pollination?
What must be ensured when conducting cross pollination?
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Which of the following is a necessary step before artificial pollination?
Which of the following is a necessary step before artificial pollination?
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What should be done after the bud has been successfully grown on the sapling?
What should be done after the bud has been successfully grown on the sapling?
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What is the purpose of grafting in plant production?
What is the purpose of grafting in plant production?
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Which part of the plant is referred to as the scion in grafting?
Which part of the plant is referred to as the scion in grafting?
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Why is it important for the scion to be mature enough in grafting?
Why is it important for the scion to be mature enough in grafting?
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What is the best method to prevent the quality of a grafted plant from being affected?
What is the best method to prevent the quality of a grafted plant from being affected?
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What does budding involve in plant propagation?
What does budding involve in plant propagation?
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Which of the following is an advantage of saplings produced through budding?
Which of the following is an advantage of saplings produced through budding?
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How does grafting affect the time it takes for a plant to bear fruit?
How does grafting affect the time it takes for a plant to bear fruit?
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Which part of the plant do rubber saplings typically use in budding?
Which part of the plant do rubber saplings typically use in budding?
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What is the relationship between root stock and scion in grafting?
What is the relationship between root stock and scion in grafting?
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What can be a consequence of not removing the bud that grows beneath the grafted area?
What can be a consequence of not removing the bud that grows beneath the grafted area?
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Study Notes
Mango Tree Cultivation
- Mango trees take 8-10 years to produce fruit
- Different mango tree varieties exist
- Ask elders for information on how long it takes saplings to bear fruit
- Consider expectations when planting and nurturing mango saplings
Seeds and Planting Materials
- Goals of fruit cultivation are similar to those for vegetables or cereals (yield quickly, plenty, good quality)
- Good quality seeds/planting materials are crucial
- "vithu gunam pathu gunam" is a proverb relating to seed quality
- Observe pictures to answer questions on seeds and fruits
- Factors to consider when selecting seeds (shape, weight, size, seed coat)
Plant Selection for Seed Collection
- Fruits from the middle of a plant's lifespan are ideal for seed collection
- Not all seeds from a fruit are suitable for seedlings
- Factors for selecting good seeds include shape, weight, seed coat, size and normal shape
- Select low yielding, high yielding, healthy plants, infected, or stunted growth plants for a clear understanding
- Consider fruit ripeness and quality for seed collection
Vegetative Propagation and Sexual Reproduction
- New plants can be formed from parts like roots, stems, leaves, and underground stems
- This asexual reproduction process is called vegetative propagation
- Sexual reproduction produces seeds that also sprout
- Examine various examples of vegetative and sexual propagation
Layering
- Layering is a method of plant propagation where roots are induced on the stem of a mother plant before cutting and planting
- Stages include selecting a stem, applying a mixture (cocopeat, soil, cow dung) and wrapping the area with polythene bag.
- Roots will grow in 2 months; cut the stem and plant it for growth
Grafting
- Grafting involves joining the stem of one plant to the rootstock of a different plant, to produce a new plant with the desired qualities
- Selecting a rootstock and scion from plants which are suitable
- Cut the rootstock and make a tapered cut on both sides of the scion and insert the scion into the rootstock and bind it
- Grafting creates a new plant with qualities of both plants involved
Budding
- New plants are produced by joining the bud of a superior quality plant to the rootstock of another plant of the same species
- This method involves several stages, including choosing a bud, removing bark from a portion of the rootstock and attaching the bud with polythene tape
- Budding is suitable for plants that sprout easily
Hybridization
- Hybridization involves combining the qualities of different plants
- Two plants of the same species can combine their qualities by artificial pollination to yield hybrid seeds
- Observe pollination methods (self or cross) to understand combining qualities effectively
- Choose appropriate pollination method for producing desired qualities in the plant
Artificial Pollination
- To prevent self-pollination, one needs to remove stamens
- The flower is wrapped to prevent external pollen from falling on it
- Pollen from different species is collected and deposited on flower stigma
- The flower is wrapped to prevent pollination from other flowers
- Determine the best time for artificially pollinating flowers for successful plant production
Agricultural Research Centers
- Research centers like KAU, CTCRI, RRII, and CPCRI conduct research, develop high-yielding varieties, and conduct related activities.
- Some research centers focus on crops like coconut, arecanut, and cocoa others on tubers
Fertile Soil and Pest Control
- Proper fertilizer application, like cow dung, urea, or compost, is essential for better crop yield
- Organic and chemical fertilizers have varying requirements
- Pest infestation can be controlled using biological, mechanical, or chemical methods
- Important factors to consider when growing crops.
Other Agricultural Sectors
- Agriculture encompasses various sectors beyond cultivating plants
- Other agricultural sectors involve rearing animals (cattle, poultry, rabbits), growing flowers (floriculture), and cultivating mushrooms (or other similar crops).
- Farming includes various tasks, from seed production to pest control.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the cultivation of mango trees, including the time it takes for them to bear fruit and considerations for planting. This quiz covers seed selection, planting materials, and factors affecting fruit quality. Ideal for aspiring mango growers and horticulture enthusiasts!
