Questions and Answers
Which branch of the trigeminal nerve supplies the teeth and gums of the mandible?
What type of fibers does the mandibular nerve have?
Through which foramen does the sensory root of the mandibular nerve leave the cranial cavity?
Which of the following structures is NOT supplied by the mandibular nerve?
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What is the origin of the motor root of the mandibular nerve?
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Which division of the mandibular nerve is larger?
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Which branch of the mandibular nerve supplies the medial pterygoid muscle?
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Which branch of the mandibular nerve is responsible for supplying the skin and mucous membrane related to the buccinator?
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What is the function of the tensor tympani muscle, which is supplied by the mandibular nerve?
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Which branch of the mandibular nerve passes through the foramen spinosum with the middle meningeal artery?
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What is the function of the nerve to medial pterygoid?
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Which branch of the mandibular nerve contains a motor branch to supply the anterior belly of the digastric muscle and the mylohyoid muscle?
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Which nerve joins the lingual nerve about 2cm below the skull?
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What is the location of the lingual nerve relative to the mandible and medial pterygoid?
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What is the main function of the mylohyoid branch of the mandibular nerve?
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What is the relation of the lingual nerve to the submandibular duct?
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What is the location of the lingual nerve between the lateral and medial pterygoids?
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What is the course of the inferior alveolar nerve?
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Study Notes
Mandibular Nerve
- The mandibular nerve has both sensory and motor fibers and supplies the teeth and gums of the mandible, the skin of the temporal region, the auricula, the lower lip, the lower part of the face, and the muscles of mastication.
Course and Relations of the Mandibular Nerve
- The mandibular nerve begins in the middle cranial fossa through a large sensory root and a small motor root.
- The sensory root arises from the lateral part of the trigeminal ganglion and leaves the cranial cavity through Foramen Ovale.
- The motor root lies deep to the trigeminal ganglion and to the sensory root, and also passes through the foramen ovale to join the sensory root.
- The main trunk passes through the infratemporal fossa and divides into a small anterior division and a large posterior division.
Branches of the Mandibular Nerve
- The main trunk has several branches:
- Meningeal branch (Nervus Spinosus): supplies the dura mater of the middle cranial fossa and enters the skull through Foramen Spinosum with the middle meningeal artery.
- Nerve to medial pterygoid: supplies the medial pterygoid from its deep surface and gives a motor root to the otic ganglion.
- Buccal nerve: a sensory branch that supplies the skin and mucous membrane related to the buccinator and the labial aspect of gums of molar and premolar teeth.
- Masseteric nerve: supplies the masseter muscle.
- Deep temporal nerves: supply the temporalis muscle.
- Nerve to lateral pterygoid: supplies the lateral pterygoid muscle.
Posterior Division
- The posterior division has several branches:
- Auriculotemporal nerve: a sensory nerve that supplies the skin of the temporal region and the auricula.
- Lingual nerve: a sensory nerve that supplies the tongue and joins the chorda tympani nerve.
- Inferior alveolar nerve: the largest terminal branch that supplies the teeth and gums of the mandible.
Inferior Alveolar Nerve
- The inferior alveolar nerve runs vertically downwards lateral to the medial pterygoid and to the sphenomandibular ligament.
- It enters the mandibular foramen and runs in the mandibular canal accompanied by the inferior alveolar artery.
- The mylohyoid branch contains all motor fibers of the posterior division and supplies the mylohyoid muscle and the anterior belly of the digastric.
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Description
This quiz covers the anatomy and function of the mandibular nerve, including its sensory and motor fibers, and the regions and structures it supplies. Test your knowledge of the nerve of the first brachial arch!
