38 Questions
What is the course of the meningeal nerves?
They enter the cranial cavity through the foramen spinosum
Which muscle is innervated by the nerve released opposite the temporomandibular joint?
Masseter muscle
What is the effect of compressing the motor branch of the mandibular nerve?
Weakness or paresis in the muscles of mastication
What is the significance of the proximity of the connection between the submandibular canal and the lingual nerve?
In tract infection and surgery
What is the function of the buccal nerve?
It passes between the buccinator muscle and the mucous membrane of the cheeks, providing sensory function
What is a possible consequence of damaging the lingual nerve?
Sensory loss on the anterior part of the tongue
What is the pathway of the parasympathetic nerve?
Superior salivatory nucleus, lingual nerve, submandibular ganglion, submandibular gland
What is the location of the main trunk of the mandibular nerve?
In the infratemporal fossa
How many branches does the anterior division of the mandibular nerve have?
4
What is a possible cause of ear pain?
TMJ disease or swelling of the parotid gland
What is the effect of compressing the sensory branch of the mandibular nerve?
Neuralgia or pain in the skin and mucous membrane of the cheeks
What is a clinical test for the mandibular nerve?
Sensory testing using sharp or blunt tools
What is the branch that supplies the temporalis muscle?
Anterior division of the mandibular nerve
What accompanies the superficial temporal artery at the temple?
Auriculotemporal nerve
What is the main pharyngeal nerve arch?
Mandibular nerve
Which part of the tongue is innervated by the mandibular nerve?
Anterior 2/3 of the tongue
What is the origin of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?
Semilunar ganglion
What is the consequence of trauma to the mandible?
Sensory loss distal to the lesion
What is the purpose of local anesthesia of the inferior alveolar nerve?
Dental procedures
What is the relationship between the submandibular canal and the lingual nerve?
Close connection
What is the function of the motor root of the mandibular nerve?
Motor function
What is the origin of the mandibular nerve?
Trigeminal nerve
What is the main function of the motor root of the mandibular nerve?
Controlling mastication muscles and complex jaw movements
What is the origin of the sensory root of the mandibular nerve?
The semilunar ganglion
Which of the following structures is NOT innervated by the mandibular nerve?
Teeth and gums of the maxilla
What is the location of the mandibular nerve in relation to the hyoglossus and genioglossus muscles?
Deep to the hyoglossus and genioglossus muscles
What is the course of the mandibular nerve after it arises from the lateral pterygoid muscle?
It runs downward and forward along the ramus of the mandible
What is the main function of the sensory fibers of the mandibular nerve?
Transmitting sensory information from the skin and mucous membranes
What is the location of the mandibular nerve in relation to the mandible?
Below the mandible, behind the three molars
What is the significance of the mandibular nerve in relation to the membranous neurocranium?
It innervates the meninges in the membranous neurocranium
What is the main function of the trigeminal nerve?
To transmit somatosensory information from the face
How many parts does the trigeminal sensory nucleus have?
Three parts, each for a different modality
What is the function of the mesencephalic nucleus?
To integrate sensory information from the spinal tracts and nuclei
Which nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the lower teeth?
Inferior alveolar nerve
What is the name of the structure that blocks the success of the inferior alveolar nerve?
Masseter muscle
What is the name of the artery that is often biopsied in the parotid gland?
Superficial temporal artery
What is the name of the space that can be improved by biopsies?
Pterygomandibular space
What is the name of the tumor that can cause facial pain in the parotid gland?
Calcified pleomorphic adenoma
Study Notes
Functional Anatomy of Mandibular Nerve
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The mandibular nerve is the largest branch of the trigeminal nerve, innervating the mandibular teeth, gums, skin of the temporal region, ear, lower lip, lower part of the face, muscles of mastication, and mucous membrane of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.
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The mandibular nerve has a mixture of sensory and motor nerves and motor and sensory functions, including the face, cheeks, temples, oral cavity, teeth and gums, nasal cavity and sinuses, and temporomandibular joints and muscles.
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The sensory and motor fibers in the mandibular nerve originate from two roots: the sensory root, which originates from the semilunar ganglion, and the motor root, which originates from the motor nucleus.
Branches of the Mandibular Nerve
- The mandibular nerve has four sub-branches:
- Masseteric nerve: supplies the masseter muscle
- Medial pterygoid nerve: supplies the medial pterygoid muscle
- Lateral pterygoid nerve: supplies the lateral pterygoid muscle
- Buccal nerve: has a sensory function, passing between the mandible and the medial pterygoid muscle
Clinical Consequences of Mandibular Nerve Entrapment
- Compression of the motor branch of the mandibular nerve can cause paresis or weakness in the muscles it innervates.
- Compression of the sensory branch can trigger neuralgia or sensory loss.
Clinical Notes
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Careless extraction of teeth can cause damage to the lingual nerve, inferior alveolar nerve block, and TMJ disease or swelling of the parotid glands, which can cause ear pain due to referred pain.
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Clinical testing can be in the form of sensory testing or sensory testing in the form of asking the patient and using sharp or blunt tools.
Anatomical Relevance
- The proximity of the connection between the submandibular canal and the lingual nerve is important in tract infection and surgery.
- Submandibular stones are not uncommon due to mucus secretion.
- Damage to the lingual nerve can cause sensory loss, both somatic and taste, on the anterior part of the tongue.
Assess your knowledge of the functional anatomy of the mandibular nerve with this quiz. Test your understanding of this important nerve in the human body.
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