Managers and Communication Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of communication as presented in the lecture?

Communication is the transfer and understanding of meaning.

How does perfect communication differ from typical communication?

Perfect communication occurs when the information is received and understood exactly as envisioned by the sender.

Identify two main functions of communication in organizations.

Control and motivation.

In what way does communication serve as a function for emotional expression in the workplace?

<p>Communication provides a way for employees to express themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is information considered a vital function of communication within work groups?

<p>Information is essential for individuals and work groups to perform their tasks effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are two benefits of using information technology in an organization?

<p>Increased ability to monitor performance and better decision-making based on complete information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an extranet differ from an intranet?

<p>An extranet allows authorized external users to access specific internal resources, while an intranet is accessible only to employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does information technology have on organizational communication?

<p>It removes the constraints of time and distance and enables widespread information sharing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some legal and security challenges associated with managing communication in an internet world?

<p>Inappropriate use of company email and loss of confidential information due to hacking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is informal communication, and how does it differ from formal communication?

<p>Informal communication refers to interactions not governed by the official organizational structure, whereas formal communication follows the official chain of command.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a lack of personal interaction affect virtual work environments?

<p>It can lead to difficulties in achieving understanding and collaboration among team members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the direction of downward communication within an organization.

<p>Downward communication involves information flowing from managers to employees to instruct, coordinate, and evaluate their performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of upward communication, and how does it benefit the organization?

<p>Upward communication allows employees to share feedback and insights with managers, helping them stay informed about employee needs and potential improvements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is diagonal communication, and why is it important in an organization?

<p>Diagonal communication cuts across different work areas and organizational levels to enhance efficiency and speed in communication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of 'the grapevine' in organizational communication.

<p>The grapevine is an informal network that facilitates communication of issues that may not be appropriate for formal channels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between interpersonal communication and organizational communication?

<p>Interpersonal communication occurs between two or more individuals, while organizational communication involves all communication networks and systems within an organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the interpersonal communication process, what role does 'encoding' play?

<p>Encoding converts the sender's intended message into a symbolic form to be communicated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'noise' in the communication process?

<p>Noise refers to disturbances that interfere with the communication of messages.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the skills of the receiver affect the communication process?

<p>The receiver's skills, attitudes, and knowledge influence their ability to decode and interpret the sender's message.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major barrier to effective interpersonal communication?

<p>Information overload occurs when the amount of information exceeds an individual's capacity to process it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is feedback important in the communication process?

<p>Feedback provides the sender with information on how the message was interpreted and whether adjustments are needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does nonverbal communication encompass?

<p>Nonverbal communication includes body language, gestures, facial expressions, and vocal intonations that convey meaning without words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does national culture impact interpersonal communication?

<p>National culture affects the formality, openness, and patterns of communication, potentially causing misunderstandings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some methods for overcoming interpersonal communication barriers?

<p>Effective strategies include using feedback, simplifying language, actively listening, and paying attention to non-verbal cues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is filtering in the context of communication barriers?

<p>Filtering is the deliberate manipulation of information to make it appear more favorable to the receiver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Communication

The transfer and understanding of meaning.

Transfer of Meaning

Information must be conveyed for communication to occur.

Functions of Communication

Includes control, motivation, emotional expression, and providing information.

Control in Communication

Clarifies tasks and measures performance for individuals.

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Motivation in Communication

Encourages employees by highlighting achievements and areas for improvement.

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Interpersonal Communication

Communication between two or more individuals.

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Organizational Communication

All communication systems within an organization.

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Encoding

Converting a message into symbolic form for transmission.

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Decoding

Retranslating a received message back into meaning.

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Channel/Medium

The medium through which a message travels (e.g., email, phone).

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Noise

Disturbances that interfere with the communication process.

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Feedback Loop

The return message from receiver back to sender in communication.

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Nonverbal Communication

Communication transmitted without words, using body language and tone.

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Communication Barriers

Obstacles that hinder effective communication such as emotions or language.

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Overcoming Barriers

Strategies to improve communication such as using feedback and simplifying language.

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Informal Communication

Communication that is not defined by the organization’s structure, allowing social interaction.

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Downward Communication

Communications that flow from managers to employees to inform, direct, or evaluate.

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Upward Communication

Communications that flow from employees to managers about needs and improvements.

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Lateral Communication

Communication that takes place among employees at the same hierarchical level.

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The Grapevine

An informal communication network that relays information not suitable for formal channels.

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Benefits of Information Technology

Enhances performance monitoring, decision-making, collaboration, and accessibility.

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Intranet

An internal network using Internet technology, accessible only to employees.

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Extranet

An internal network allowing authorized outsiders to communicate with the organization.

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Effects of IT on Organizations

Eliminates time/distance constraints, enabling collaboration and efficient decision-making.

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Communication Challenges in IT

Issues include security risks, lack of personal interaction, and collaborative hurdles in virtual settings.

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Study Notes

Managers and Communication

  • Communication is the transfer and the understanding of meaning
  • Successful communication occurs when information is conveyed and understood as intended by the sender
  • If information hasn't been conveyed, there is no communication
  • Communication functions include:
    • Control: Controlling behaviors within an organization
    • Motivation: Clarifying employee tasks, performance, and improvement strategies
    • Emotional Expression: Allowing employees to express themselves
    • Information: Providing the information needed for individuals and groups to complete their tasks

Types of Communication

  • Interpersonal Communication: Communication between two or more people.
  • Organizational Communication: All communication networks and systems within the organization.

Interpersonal Communication Process

  • Encoding: Converting a message into a symbolic form
  • Decoding: Translating the message back into understandable meaning by the receiver
  • Medium/Channel: The means through which the message travels
  • Noise: Disturbances that interfere with communication
  • Feedback: The receiver's response, which completes the process
  • The sender's intended meaning may not be identical to the receiver's interpretation, leading to communication distortions

Distortions in Communication

  • Message Encoding: Sender's skills, attitudes, knowledge, and social-cultural background affect the process of encoding a message
  • Message Content: The actual information being conveyed, including symbols used to convey meaning and message format choices
  • Message Noise: External distractions interfering with the message
  • Channel: The chosen channel and its appropriateness influence communication
  • Receiver: Receiver's skills, attitudes, knowledge, and social-cultural background impact understanding
  • Feedback Loop: Communication distortions can occur during transmission and reception of feedback

Interpersonal Communication Methods

  • Face-to-face
  • Telephone
  • Group meetings
  • Formal presentations
  • Memos
  • Traditional mail
  • Fax machines
  • Audio and video tapes
  • Hotlines
  • E-mail
  • Computer conferencing
  • Voice mail
  • Teleconferences
  • Videoconferences

Nonverbal Communication

  • Communication transmitted without words
  • Includes: Images, situational behaviors, clothing, and physical surroundings, all of which carry meaning

Nonverbal Communication - Details

  • Body Language: Gestures, facial expressions, and body movements conveying meaning
  • Verbal Intonation: Emphasis on words or phrases, conveying meaning through tone. A soft tone often indicates interest, while a sharp one suggests assertiveness or defensiveness

Interpersonal Communication Barriers.

  • Language: Specialized meanings and varied uses of language lead to misinterpretations.
  • Filtering: Deliberate manipulation to present information favorably.
  • National Culture: Cultural influences (high/low-context culture) affect the form, formality, openness and information use in communications.
  • Emotions: Emotional responses can interfere with rational judgments and understanding.
  • Information Overload: A large amount of information leads to difficulties processing it.
  • Defensiveness: Reactive responses reduce the ability for mutual understanding

Overcoming Barriers

  • Use Feedback
  • Simplify Language
  • Listen Actively
  • Control Emotions
  • Watch Nonverbal Cues

Types of Communication - Revisited

  • Interpersonal Communication: Communication between individuals.
  • Organizational Communication: Communication flow within the organization

Formal vs. Informal Communication

  • Formal Communication: Follows the organization's chain of command.
  • Informal Communication (Grapevine): Not defined by the formal structure; fulfills social needs of employees.
  • The Grapevine provides communication channels that are not suitable for formal channels

Direction of Communication Flow

  • Downward: Flow from superiors to subordinates
  • Upward: Flow from subordinates to superiors
  • Lateral/Horizontal: Flow between individuals on the same level
  • Diagonal: Flow across different organizational levels

Information Technology & Communication

  • Benefits: Increased ability to monitor performance, better decision-making, more collaboration & sharing. Increased accessibility to coworkers
  • Types of Network Systems: Intranets (internal use), Extranets (internal/external use)
  • How IT affects organizations: Removes time/distance constraints, Allows dispersed employees to work together, Increases effectiveness/efficiency (and decision-making), Provides complete information & participation

Managing Communication in an Internet World

  • Legal and Security Issues: Inappropriate use of company email, Loss of confidential information
  • Lack of Personal Interaction: Difficulty achieving understanding and collaboration in virtual environments.

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Description

This quiz explores the essentials of communication within management, highlighting its importance in conveying and understanding information. We dive into various communication functions, types, and the interpersonal communication process, focusing on how managers can effectively communicate with employees. Test your knowledge on how communication impacts organizational success.

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