Management of Life-Threatening Acid-Base Disorders Quiz

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What is the main reason for decreasing Paco2 slowly during anesthesia?

To promote the excretion of bicarbonate through the kidneys

To facilitate the accumulation of bicarbonate in the body

To prevent renal tubular elimination of bicarbonate

To allow sufficient time for renal tubular reabsorption of bicarbonate (correct)

What electrolyte disturbance can lead to metabolic alkalosis when associated with respiratory acidosis?

Decreased serum sodium

Decreased serum magnesium

Decreased serum potassium

Decreased serum chloride (correct)

Which condition may stimulate renal tubules to excrete hydrogen and potentially cause metabolic alkalosis?

Hypokalemia (correct)

Hypercalcemia

Hypernatremia

Hyperkalemia

What is the most common cause of acute respiratory alkalosis during the perioperative period?

Iatrogenic hyperventilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the major adverse consequence of severe systemic alkalosis (pH > 7.60) according to the text?

Ventricular dysrhythmias Signup and view all the answers

How is respiratory alkalosis defined in terms of Paco2 and pH levels?

Paco2 less than 40 mmHg, pH greater than 7.35 Signup and view all the answers

How does acidosis affect cardiac responsiveness to catecholamines when the pH is less than 7.1 according to the text?

Decreases compensatory inotropic effects Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of treatment for respiratory alkalosis?

Correcting the underlying cause of alveolar hyperventilation Signup and view all the answers

Which group is most susceptible to the detrimental effects of acidosis according to the text?

Patients with underlying left ventricular dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What effect does alkalosis have on the production of lactic acid and ketoacids according to the text?

Increases production of lactic acid and ketoacids Signup and view all the answers

How does alkalosis impact ventilation according to the text?

Alkalosis depresses ventilation Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the neurologic abnormalities associated with systemic alkalosis according to the text?

Decreased serum ionized calcium concentration Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of chronic alkalosis?

Increased threshold for angina pectoris Signup and view all the answers

What is the most likely cause of respiratory acidosis during the perioperative period?

Hypoventilation Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte imbalance is a known consequence of respiratory acidosis?

Hyperkalemia Signup and view all the answers

What effect does chronic alkalosis have on the release of oxygen to tissues?

Tightening the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with decreased cerebral blood flow as a consequence of alkalosis?

Seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the pathophysiological effect of chronic alkalosis on erythrocytes?

Decreased 2,3-diphosphoglycerate concentration Signup and view all the answers