30 Questions
Which section of the course will discuss how Recombinant DNA is inserted into a cell to create recombinant proteins?
Section 3
What is the function of the first section of this course?
To review DNA and proteins
What is DNA?
A chemical
What is the purpose of the second section of this course?
To introduce Recombinant DNA
Which molecule is the building block of DNA?
Nucleotide
What are the four bases found in DNA?
Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine
What is the process called when DNA is transcribed to RNA?
Transcription
What type of proteins require post-translational modifications to be fully functional?
Antibodies
Which type of cells are more sensitive to changes in the cell culture environment such as temperature and pH?
Mammalian cells
What is the main limitation of using bacterial cells to create proteins?
Bacterial cells cannot perform post-translational modifications
Which recombinant protein is used to replace a missing protein in patients with Hemophilia A?
ADVATE
What is the main function of Herceptin in treating breast cancer?
To stop the activation of the HER2 receptor
Which of the following best describes recombinant DNA?
DNA molecules created by combining DNA from more than one source
What is the role of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?
To cut DNA into small pieces
What is a plasmid?
A short, circular piece of DNA easily transferred between cells
How is the gene of interest integrated into a plasmid?
Restriction enzymes cut both the gene of interest and the plasmid, and the complementary base pairs reconnect them
Which enzyme is used to create a gap in the plasmid during the process of making a recombinant plasmid?
EcoR1
What is the purpose of using bacterial cells to create recombinant proteins?
To express a desired gene
What are the two common methods used to transfer a plasmid into bacterial cells?
Heat shock and electroporation
What is the function of DNA ligase in the process of making a recombinant plasmid?
To seal the plasmid and ensure it contains the gene of interest
Which method is used to get rid of bacterial cells that do not contain the plasmid?
Antibiotic resistance gene
What is the reason for using a liposome in the process of transferring recombinant DNA into mammalian cells?
Liposomes are composed of lipids like the cell membrane of mammalian cells
Why can't antibiotic selection be used to select only the mammalian cells that have taken up the plasmid?
Mammalian cells are resistant to antibiotics
What is one advantage of using bacterial cells over mammalian cells for creating recombinant proteins?
Bacterial cells divide more quickly than mammalian cells
Which of the following best describes fusion proteins?
Proteins that combine the desirable characteristics of two different proteins
What are Alprolix and Eloctate?
Long-acting recombinant blood clotting factors
Why are fusion proteins like Alprolix and Eloctate important for hemophiliacs?
They combine the blood clotting ability of a clotting factor with the stability of an antibody
Why are antibodies considered stable in a patient's body?
They typically last for several weeks in a patient's body
What is the advantage of fusing the gene for a blood clotting factor with a portion of the antibody gene?
It helps confer stability to the clotting factor
What are genetically engineered animals used for in the production of biologic drugs?
To produce therapeutic proteins
Test your knowledge on mammalian cell culture and the factors that affect cell growth and production. Learn about how the size of production campaigns and media changes can impact costs. Explore the challenges of working with mammalian cells and their sensitivity to environmental changes.
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