Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the testes?
What is the primary function of the testes?
- To regulate body temperature.
- To produce urine and store sperm.
- To secrete seminal fluid.
- To produce sperm and male sex hormones. (correct)
Why are the testes located in the scrotum outside of the abdomen?
Why are the testes located in the scrotum outside of the abdomen?
- To facilitate the production of seminal fluid.
- To maintain a temperature suitable for sperm development. (correct)
- To allow for easier access during sexual activity.
- To protect them from injury.
Where are immature sperm stored?
Where are immature sperm stored?
- Prostate gland.
- Ductus deferens.
- Epididymis. (correct)
- Seminal vesicles.
Which structure encloses the ductus deferens along with blood vessels and nerves?
Which structure encloses the ductus deferens along with blood vessels and nerves?
What is the role of the ejaculatory duct?
What is the role of the ejaculatory duct?
Which part of the urethra is surrounded by the corpus spongiosum?
Which part of the urethra is surrounded by the corpus spongiosum?
What is the primary component of seminal fluid?
What is the primary component of seminal fluid?
Which of the following describes the secretion of the seminal glands?
Which of the following describes the secretion of the seminal glands?
Which component is found in the secretion of the seminal glands?
Which component is found in the secretion of the seminal glands?
What is the function of the prostate gland's secretion?
What is the function of the prostate gland's secretion?
What characterizes the secretion produced by the Bulbo-urethral glands?
What characterizes the secretion produced by the Bulbo-urethral glands?
Which part of the penis is covered by the foreskin?
Which part of the penis is covered by the foreskin?
Which of the following erectile tissues surrounds the spongy urethra?
Which of the following erectile tissues surrounds the spongy urethra?
What is the function of interstitial endocrine cells located between the seminiferous tubules?
What is the function of interstitial endocrine cells located between the seminiferous tubules?
What structures are contained within the tunica albuginea of the testicle?
What structures are contained within the tunica albuginea of the testicle?
Which of the following is the correct order of sperm transport from the site of production to the urethra?
Which of the following is the correct order of sperm transport from the site of production to the urethra?
Which gland contributes the largest volume of fluid to the semen?
Which gland contributes the largest volume of fluid to the semen?
What is the role of the tunica albuginea?
What is the role of the tunica albuginea?
Which of the following statements accurately compares the secretions of the prostate gland and the bulbo-urethral glands?
Which of the following statements accurately compares the secretions of the prostate gland and the bulbo-urethral glands?
Spermatogenesis relies on a specific temperature range. What might happen to sperm production if the testes were unable to descend and remained inside the abdominal cavity?
Spermatogenesis relies on a specific temperature range. What might happen to sperm production if the testes were unable to descend and remained inside the abdominal cavity?
What structural adaptation in the male reproductive system directly facilitates both urination and ejaculation?
What structural adaptation in the male reproductive system directly facilitates both urination and ejaculation?
Which of the following best describes the composition of semen?
Which of the following best describes the composition of semen?
What would be the likely outcome of a blockage in the ejaculatory duct?
What would be the likely outcome of a blockage in the ejaculatory duct?
What is the function of PSA and enzymes in prostatic secretion?
What is the function of PSA and enzymes in prostatic secretion?
If a male has seminal glands that do not produce fructose, what is the likely consequence?
If a male has seminal glands that do not produce fructose, what is the likely consequence?
A man experiences difficulty with lubrication prior to ejaculation. Which glands are most likely impaired?
A man experiences difficulty with lubrication prior to ejaculation. Which glands are most likely impaired?
Which structure contributes to regulating the temperature of the testes?
Which structure contributes to regulating the temperature of the testes?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the male reproductive system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the male reproductive system?
Suppose a researcher discovers a new compound that selectively inhibits the function of interstitial cells. What direct effect would this compound have on male reproductive physiology?
Suppose a researcher discovers a new compound that selectively inhibits the function of interstitial cells. What direct effect would this compound have on male reproductive physiology?
If the seminal vesicles were surgically removed, what would be the most immediate and significant consequence?
If the seminal vesicles were surgically removed, what would be the most immediate and significant consequence?
During a physical examination, it's noted that a male patient has an abnormally short ductus deferens. What immediate physiological consequence is most likely?
During a physical examination, it's noted that a male patient has an abnormally short ductus deferens. What immediate physiological consequence is most likely?
A new drug is developed that selectively targets and impairs the function of the tunica albuginea. What direct effect would this drug have on the testes?
A new drug is developed that selectively targets and impairs the function of the tunica albuginea. What direct effect would this drug have on the testes?
A patient is diagnosed with a condition that impairs the ability of the cremaster muscle to function properly. What direct consequence would this have on the testes?
A patient is diagnosed with a condition that impairs the ability of the cremaster muscle to function properly. What direct consequence would this have on the testes?
A doctor finds that the seminal fluid of a patient lacks citric acid. What accessory gland is most likely dysfunctional?
A doctor finds that the seminal fluid of a patient lacks citric acid. What accessory gland is most likely dysfunctional?
A man experiences consistent difficulty achieving an erection, and diagnostic tests reveal impaired function of the corpora cavernosa. What specific physiological process is most directly affected?
A man experiences consistent difficulty achieving an erection, and diagnostic tests reveal impaired function of the corpora cavernosa. What specific physiological process is most directly affected?
What is the MOST likely effect of damage to the interstitial cells?
What is the MOST likely effect of damage to the interstitial cells?
A man undergoes a vasectomy, a procedure that involves cutting and sealing the ductus deferens. Beyond preventing pregnancy, what direct physiological change results from this procedure?
A man undergoes a vasectomy, a procedure that involves cutting and sealing the ductus deferens. Beyond preventing pregnancy, what direct physiological change results from this procedure?
Flashcards
Testes
Testes
Primary male reproductive organs; produce sperm and male sex hormones.
Epididymis
Epididymis
Sperm will mature here. Runs along the posterior lateral aspect of the testicle. Caps at the top.
Ductus Deferens
Ductus Deferens
Goes from superior epididymis, passes superiorly over the bladder, enclosed with blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue.
Ejaculatory Duct
Ejaculatory Duct
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Urethra
Urethra
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Accessory Glands Role
Accessory Glands Role
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Seminal Glands
Seminal Glands
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Prostate Gland
Prostate Gland
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Bulbo-urethral Glands
Bulbo-urethral Glands
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Penis
Penis
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Corpus Spongiosum
Corpus Spongiosum
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Corpora Cavernosa
Corpora Cavernosa
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Tunica Albuginea
Tunica Albuginea
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Seminiferous Tubules
Seminiferous Tubules
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Interstitial Endocrine Cells
Interstitial Endocrine Cells
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Study Notes
- The testes are the primary male reproductive organs
- They produce sperm and male sex hormones
- The testes lie in the scrotum outside of the abdomen
- This provides a lower temperature which is better for sperm development at around 94 degrees F.
Duct System
- All other structures besides the testes are ducts or provide secretions.
- The epididymis runs along the posterior lateral aspect of the testicle and caps at the top
- Immature sperm are stored here
- The ductus deferens goes from superior epididymis and passes superiorly over the bladder
- Is enclosed along with blood vessels, nerves and a connective tissue sheath, called the spermatic cord
- The ejaculatory duct propels sperm through the prostate and to the urethra through contraction
- The urethra carries sperm and urine to the exterior
- It has 3 portions: prostatic, intermediate, and spongy
Accessory Glands
- Accessory glands produce seminal fluid, which is the liquid medium that sperm is in
- Seminal fluid plus sperm is called semen
- Seminal glands are paired and posterior to the urinary bladder
- They merge with the ductus deferens to form the ejaculatory duct
- Secretion is thick, yellow, alkaline, contains fructose and nourishes and enhances sperm motility
- They are the largest contributor to semen volume
- The prostate is inferior to the bladder and encircles the prostatic urethra
- Prostate secretion contains PSA, enzymes, activates sperm, and is slightly acidic due to citric acid
- PSA or Prostate Specific Antigen, activates and liquifies sperm, and helps break down mucus of the cervix
- Enlarged prostate compresses Urethra, otherwise known as Bening Prostatic Hyperplasia
- Bulbo-urethral glands are paired and drain into intermediate part of urethra
- Secrete a clear alkaline substance that neutralizes traces of urine and lubricates the tip of the penis prior to ejaculation
Penis
- The penis is the male copulatory organ, covered by the foreskin
- Terminates with the glans penis, which is an enlarged tip
- The penis contains 3 cylinders of erectile tissue:
- A single cylinder surrounding the spongy urethra called the corpus spongiosum
- Paired cylinders called the corpora cavernosa
Testicle
- The testicle is covered by a dense connective tissue capsule called the tunica albuginea
- Within the tunica albuginea are the seminiferous tubules, organized into lobes
- Seminiferous tubules are the sperm forming factories
- The tubules contain seminiferous tubules which empty into the rete testis, which will converge and empty into the epididymis
- Between seminiferous tubules are interstitial endocrine cells
- These cells produce testosterone
- Spermatogenic cells: before puberty devclope & divide via mitosis (sperm precurser)
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